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This paper reports follow-up findings for an Mentalization based treatment (MBT) parenting intervention delivered to a community mental health sample. Parents completed the 12-week version of the Lighthouse Parenting Program (LPP) and were evaluated on parenting practices, parent-child relationships, parental mental health indicators, and child problem behaviour levels. We evaluated the extent to which improvements in mentalizing at follow-up mediated changes in parenting, parental adjustment, mental health, and child outcomes. Results included a reduction in parental coercive behaviours and child problems, improved parent-child relationship, and better parental psychological adjustment and mental health. Improvement in self-focused mentalizing were observed. Self-focused mentalizing mediated the changes in most outcomes from baseline to 3-month follow-up. These results provide strong preliminary evidence that the LPP improves parent and child outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new psychotherapists' law in Germany requires that future studies in psychotherapy enable students to evaluate the evidence base of psychotherapeutic methods based on established criteria. This article summarizes and applies the most important national and international criteria for evaluating the evidence base of psychodynamic psychotherapy including the criteria detailed in the Methods Paper of the Scientific Advisory Board Psychotherapy in Germany, the internationally influential criteria by Chambless et al. (1998) as well as the most recent criteria by Tolin et al. (2015). Criticism of the criteria for evidence assessment (e.g., the disorder-specific approach), current controversies (e.g., concerning the evidence base of long-term psychodynamic therapy and analytic psychotherapy, integrative psychotherapy frameworks versus specific treatment approaches), and the relevance of the participation of practicing psychodynamic psychotherapists in research projects are addressed. For the adequate assessment of the efficacy/effectiveness of psychodynamic psychotherapy, especially long-term psychodynamic therapy and analytic psychotherapy, it is necessary to include longer follow-up periods and also to assess changes in accordance with psychodynamic assumptions about therapeutic change processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible summary: What is known on the subject?: Coercive interventions (CI) in emergency psychiatry face increasing criticism, as they can be an emotional, even traumatic event for all persons involved. They are thus considered the last resort.The use of coercive interventions differs widely with regard to type and frequency of measures across different countries and institutions.Individual staff characteristics, such as attitudes towards coercion, may play a vital role in the management of aggression.Little is known about the influence of emotions of staff members on CI, but they are likely to play an important role. What the paper adds to existing knowledge?: Most staff members surveyed had a rather critical view of coercion and considered it a "necessary evil."Staff members with the most work experience had a more critical view of coercion in comparison with less experienced staff. Nurses rated coercion more positively than did psychiatrists or psychologists.Emotions play an important role in decision‐making processes. The current study systematically asked for accompanying emotions during the application of CI and looked for individual differences. A majority of the participants experienced compassion; about half felt helplessness, grief or anxiety. Almost 20% stated that they felt a sense of power. Older staff members more often felt anger or guilt; women felt less power than men did. Nurses felt more desperation than other occupational groups.Staff members consider reflective interventions, such as team supervisions or post‐seclusion/restraint debriefings with the patient, as important. Nevertheless, only half reported that these interventions are carried out routinely.Staff members believe that certain risk factors (including stress, low staffing, a fully occupied ward and the presence of particular staff members) enhance the probability of CI. What are the implications for practice?: To reduce the use of coercive interventions, we recommend that psychiatric teams include highly experienced staff members as work experience has a positive effect on the attitudes towards coercive interventions.Structured post‐seclusion/restraint debriefings and team supervisions are considered helpful by staff members and are relatively easy to implement on acute wards. Enhancing staff members' ability to reflect on their own attitudes, emotions and actions is likely to reduce coercive interventions. Introduction: Little is known about staff attitudes towards coercive interventions (CI) and emotions accompanying these measures. Aim: The current study assessed attitudes, views on reflective interventions and accompanying emotions of different occupational groups towards CI, as well as factors, that increase the probability of CI. Method: Staff members (N = 138) of a large psychiatric hospital in Germany were assessed using the Staff Attitude to Coercion Scale (SACS) and newly developed items assessing staff members' emotions and views on coercion. Results: Experienced staff members were most critical of coercion. Nurses rated coercion significantly more positively than other staff. A majority experienced compassion; about half felt helplessness, grief or anxiety. Almost 20% felt a sense of power. Nurses felt the most desperation. Participants strongly desired reflective measures such as post‐seclusion/restraint debriefings with patients. According to staff members, stress on the wards and low staffing increases the probability of CI. Discussion: The study assessed accompanying emotions during the application of CI. Attitudes towards coercion and emotions are associated with individual staff characteristics (e.g. profession, work experience). Implications: The presence of experienced staff members may help prevent CI. Staff consider reflective interventions helpful in reducing CI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysts are increasingly grappling with making space for the discussion of turbulent and disturbing current events in their practices. This social disorder raises questions about the role of social activism and advocacy for groups suffering discrimination, persecution, violence, and displacement. Jung too commented on the immediacy of political happenings that show up in our practices with 'violence'. The author discusses an organizational consultation he did in Berlin in 2017 to consult for an NGO that handles placements for unaccompanied minors who are refugees. Such consultation can employ analytic ideas and concepts to the benefit of the organization and its staff. This process, though, requires some translation of these ideas so as not to burden consultees with theoretical terminology with which they may have little or no familiarity. The role of vicarious trauma is discussed, including how it is passed along, and its implications for frontline helpers are considered. Developmental aspects of adolescence figured prominently in the consultation. This is the first of two papers addressing this topic; the second will focus on interactions that the author had with young refugees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Most studies on health disparities deal with the occurrence of disease, but little is known about inequalities in the utilization of mental health services. This paper examines social inequalities in the utilization of outpatient psychotherapy within a health care system where there are low financial barriers to health care and a lack of specific health policies to address access to psychotherapeutic services. Methods: Registry data of German statutory health insurance for the year 2013 were used (total population: N = 746,963; 10,711 women and men with psychotherapy). Logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the effects of three socio-economic (SES) indicators on the utilization of psychotherapy. Results: Utilization of psychotherapy by SES status did not correspond to the social structure of the insured population. Social disparities that disadvantaged less privileged women and men were found; this applied to education, income and occupational position. The most pronounced differences were found for education. In contrast, effects of income were rather small. These findings must be interpreted against the backdrop of the absence of financial barriers to outpatient psychotherapy in Germany. Conclusions: A marked degree of psychotherapy under-utilization was found for lower SES groups. Psychotherapists should pay increased attention to clients with lower socio-economic position. Enhancing mental health literacy, as well as reducing the stigma of mental illness, is crucial for increasing the usage of psychotherapeutic services of those who need it most. Relevant health policy is needed to reduce the barriers to, and consequently increase psychotherapy utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a letter of May 31, 1931, Ferenczi sent Freud a set of “Preliminary Communications” containing the substance of a lecture that he was planning to give at the International Psychoanalytic Congress to be held later that year. Although the Congress was postponed until the following year, the ideas contained in these communications form the basis for the controversial “Confusion of Tongues” paper that Ferenczi delivered, over the protestations of Freud and his closest associates, at the Twelfth International Psychoanalytic Congress in Wiesbaden, Germany, in September 1932. With reference to primary sources, chiefly letters, original papers, and commentaries, my paper will chart the course of the intensifying dispute between Freud and Ferenczi over the conception of psychic reality contained in their respective views on the nature of trauma. Although the controversy over the “Confusion of Tongues” paper marks a crisis in the personal relations between Freud and Ferenczi – and a turning point in the history of psychoanalysis – I will attempt to show that Freud's and Ferenczi's divergent views of trauma are not irreconcilable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article first considers Jung's response to the coming to power of the Nazis in Germany. It brings forth evidence that, besides wanting to preserve psychotherapy in Germany and maintain the international connection between the German and other communities of psychotherapists, he wanted to advance Jungian psychology - his psychology - in Germany. It also presents evidence that, although he occasionally made some anti-Semitic statements during this early period, he was not anti-Semitic in the way the Nazis were. The paper then argues that after Gustav Bally's criticisms in the Neue Zuercher Zeitung in February 1934, Jung entered into a transitional period that spring during which he became warier both of the Nazis and of making any statements that could be construed as being anti-Semitic. Schoenl and Peck (2012) have shown how Jung's views of Nazi Germany changed from 1933 to March 1936. This present article demonstrates very significant changes in Jung's views during the important early part of this period, that is from January 1933 - when Hitler became Chancellor of Germany - through to the spring of 1934. It draws on evidence from archival and other primary sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relying in part on previously unpublished documents of the 1930s, this paper1 describes the origins and mission of the General Medical Society for Psychotherapy, both as it existed before Hitler's rise to power and as it was transformed afterward. Jung accepted the Society's presidency in 1933-34, on condition that it be restructured as an international, politically neutral organization, free from the laws of Gleichschaltung (Nazi conformity). The paper also contains a close study of Jung's collaboration with one interesting German colleague, Walter Cimbal. Cimbal, a neurologist, was briefly a member of the Nazi Party and, judging from his early letters to Jung, a Hitler enthusiast. Yet he also seems to have tried, together with Jung, to alleviate the difficulties of German Jewish colleagues whose lives were disrupted by the Hitler revolution. The paper includes translated passages from Cimbal's previously unpublished letters from 1933-36 and the post-war years. It also includes a first-person account by Wladimir Rosenbaum, the Zurich lawyer who assisted Jung in 1934, when Jung tried to mitigate the impact of anti-Jewish laws on his German Jewish colleagues. In the primary materials of this period one discovers more evidence of moral shadow-and also less-than is sometimes assumed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper seeks to identify and explain shifts in dominance relationships between the medical profession and allied health professions in Germany, taking the occupational fields of nursing and psychotherapy as examples. It suggests an actor-based perspective which focuses on the strategic interplay between collective actors in the fields in question, namely professional associations and unions, state actors, sickness funds, universities, polytechnics and associations of work organisations. It considers the context of governance of the German health care system and an awareness of a changed demand. The thesis is that the interplay between the actors has led to a small reduction of medical dominance. It is examined whether changes in governance structures of the health care system have led to a more favourable context for shifts in the dominance relationships. Moreover, the possible effects of the recent re-organisation of health provision are considered. Based on an empirical investigation using the method of document analysis, the paper shows that there has been a small reduction of medical dominance which is essentially the outcome of the interrelated strategic actions of various collective actors in the fields. A public perception of a new kind of health care demand has facilitated this development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will consider, first, the ambiguity of the title as an introduction to and structuring of the following paper and, following this, the historical Freud's legacy in regard to psychotherapy will be discussed. The invention of the Freudian classic will subsequently be examined including such aspects as apparent paradoxes and inconsistencies, the confusion of psychoanalytic method and one technique of treatment and then the integration into the healing arts and the claim of psychoanalysis to be something other than psychotherapy. The discussion will then focus on the history of psychoanalysis in post-war Germany, considering whether it was a successful one and looking at the integration of psychoanalysis into public health care–both the profits and the losses.In discussing ‘A new paradox as a way out of the dead-end’ in referring to Freud's legacy, what is meant is for psychoanalysis not to be a clinical psychology and a part of medicine, but a general depth psychology which gives the fundamentals of a general psychology and an encompassing method and allows a variety of techniques of treatment.Following this will be an outline of psychoanalytic method, specifically: (1) attitude/identity as insufficient concepts, but pointing to method, that is equally private, personal and professional: a form of life; (2) the abstract meaning of method, the aspect of activity combined with the corpus of theory, together forming a scientific project.In conclusion, I shall consider Freud's legacy: psychoanalytic and psychotherapeutic training which is centred around methodical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Legislation has revived forensic psychotherapy for outpatients in Germany. Since 2007, in almost all 16 federal states of Germany forensic outpatient clinics have been and are being established for criminal and sex offenders who have been released from prison or secure detention under conditions imposed by the court. This paper reviews the consequences of this legislation for forensic outpatients, and will focus on some of the central organisational, institutional and social aspects that stem from the experience of the author. Although the conclusions may not be new, they require repeated reflection and well-considered political commitment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People with severe mental disorders are often without work, although work may have a positive effect on their health. The paper presents some results in this field from the German S3 guidelines on psychosocial therapies. In terms of evidence-based medicine supported employment (SE - first place then train) has proven to be most effective. Nevertheless, SE is still rare in Germany. Pre-vocational training, however, follows the concept first train then place and is offered in rehabilitation of the mentally ill (RPK) centres in Germany. There is some evidence that the programs are beneficial for users. The UN Convention for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities outlines an obligation for work on an equal basis with others and for vocational training. So far, the German mental health system only partly meets these requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The practice guidelines of the German Society of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Nervous Diseases (DGPPN) include systematically developed and evidence-based treatment recommendations which assist clinicians and patients in making decisions about appropriate treatment for specific conditions. The intentions of practice guidelines are to improve the quality of care and the outcome of mental diseases. This paper describes the methodology behind the development of the guidelines and lists the already existing practice guidelines as well as the guidelines actually being developed. In addition, it is outlined how quality indicators may be derived from guidelines. A major aim of the German Society of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Nervous Diseases (DGPPN) is to assure the quality of inpatient and outpatient care of the mentally ill by developing evidence-based consensus guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since 1999, the author has been working as a psychoanalyst in Munich, Germany, in the context of the German National Health Service, which covers psychoanalytic psychotherapy of up to 300 sessions with a frequency of up to three times a week. He has mostly been working with Italian patients in their common mother language. In other words, globalisation has made it possible to help patients heal the wounds of their old Italian self, develop a new German self, integrate them with each other, and thus allow foreign patients to become “citizens of the world.” After presenting the context of his clinical work, including the German Kassensystem and the characteristics of the Italian patients he works with, the author provides the reader with a review of the literature on migration and identity from a psychoanalytic point of view. Sociology and literature also offer an important key to the understanding of his patients. At this point in the paper, the author presents three patients, their history, the background of their migration to Germany, and the work he did with them. This allows him to come to the conclusion that psychoanalysis can help patients actualise the potentialities intrinsic in globalisation, in order to move towards a richer and more sophisticated identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychotherapy is an activity which takes many forms and which has many aims. The present paper argues that it can be viewed as a form of moral suasion. Kant's concepts of free will and ethics are described and these are then applied to the processes and outcome of psychotherapy. It is argued that his ideas, by linking rationality, free will and ethics into a single philosophical system, offer a valuable theoretical framework for thinking about aims and ethical issues in psychotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article announces an international essay competition organized by the journal with a prize of 600 euro from its publisher SAGE. It informs that students belongs to analytic psychotherapy training group can submit articles integrated with theoretical material with clinical issue. It informs that members of international senior group analyst's panel will judge the papers which include Professor Elizabeth Rohr from Germany, Jane Campbell from Great Britain and Ivan Urlich from Split.