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This study was conducted to detect the serotypes Arkansas, Connecticut, Beaudette and Florida in broiler chicken farms in Fars province of Iran. The samples were obtained from 32 broiler chicken farms experiencing respiratory signs with high mortality and clinically diagnosed as avian infectious bronchitis. Total RNAs were extracted from the scrapped mucosa of tracheas and RT-PCR tests were performed using different types of primers including Del1 (F, R), (XCE-1, 2), (XCE-3 & BCE- 1), (XCE-3 & MCE-1), S1 OLIGO (F, R) and S1 OLIGO NEW (F, R). Infectious bronchitis virus was detected in 72% poultry farms. The serotypes 4/91 and Massachusetts were detected in 47.9 and 21.8% farms, respectively, but the serotypes in 7 farms remained unclear. The results showed that there is no evidence for the presence of serotypes Arkansas, Connecticut, Beaudette and Florida in broiler chicken farms in Fars province of Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interaction between tectonic, climatic and surface processes shapes the Earth's surface. Constraining denudation rates is a key to quantify the mass balance in active orogens and to understand the evolution of topography as a response to tectonic and climatic forcing. The extent of the coupling between tectonic deformation and surface processes is often difficult to isolate from other compounding factors. In this study, we investigate the response of denudation rates to crustal deformation in the Fars Province of the Zagros Fold Belt (ZFB). The ZFB is a reference area to study the effects of fold growth on the drainage network morphology and sediment routing. The active deformation pattern has been documented by the seismicity and GPS data and corresponds to the shortening rates derived from terraces incision rates integrated over the last 10 ka using fold kinematic models. The large-scale surface response of the ZFB to this deformation pattern has yet not been quantified. We present 10Be concentrations in seventeen sand samples from the Mand River, which drains a large part of the Fars Province. Denudation rates are generally low (ca. 0.05 to 0.1 mm a-1) but increase to ca. 1 mm a-1 near the Halikan anticline, where changes in precipitation, lithology or hillslope gradient are insignificant. The denudation rates upstream and downstream of the Halikan anticline are consistent with the GPS convergence rates in these areas. The sharp increase in denudation rates over the Halikan anticline denotes its growth as previously detected from terrace incision. The 10Be data also reveals small wavelength coupling between crustal deformation and erosion previously not observed by the scarce GPS data and/or measured terrace incision rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]