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Background: The DAPA-HF and DELIVER trials demonstrated the clinical benefits of dapagliflozin in heart failure (HF) patients across the entire ejection fraction (EF) spectrum. However, further investigation is needed for the real-world application of dapagliflozin in HF patients. This study examines the proportion of real-world HF patients eligible for dapagliflozin and evaluates the cost-effectiveness of adding dapagliflozin to current HF therapy. Methods: Data from the nationwide prospective registry, the Korean Acute Heart Failure (KorAHF) registry, were used to determine dapagliflozin eligibility based on the enrollment criteria of the DAPA-HF/DELIVER trials. A cost-utility analysis was conducted using a Markov model to assess the cost-effectiveness of dapagliflozin by comparing it to the standard of care. Results: Out of 5178 KorAHF patients, 48.7% met the enrollment criteria of the DAPA-HF/DELIVER trials, while 89.5% met the label criteria (US Food and Drug Administration, European Medicines Agency, and Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety). Eligibility was highest among HF patients with preserved EF (55.3% vs. HF with mildly reduced EF and HF with reduced EF 46.4%). Dapagliflozin proved to be cost-effective, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of 4557 US dollar (US$) per quality-adjusted life year, which falls below the US$18,182 willingness-to-pay threshold. The cost-effectiveness benefit was more pronounced in patients with a left ventricular EF (LVEF) ≤ 40% (ICER US$3279 for LVEF ≤ 40% vs. US$8383 for LVEF > 40%). Conclusions: Discrepancies in dapagliflozin eligibility were observed between real-world data and clinical trial results. The addition of dapagliflozin to HF therapy proved to be highly cost-effective across the entire EF spectrum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARB) on 3-year clinical outcomes in elderly (≥ 65) acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients without a history of hypertension who underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES). Methods: A total of 13,104 AMI patients who were registered in the Korea AMI registry (KAMIR)-National Institutes of Health (NIH) were included in the study. The primary endpoint was 3-year major adverse cardiac events (MACE), which was defined as the composite of all-cause death, recurrent myocardial infarction (MI), and any repeat revascularization. To adjust baseline potential confounders, an inverse probability weighting (IPTW) analysis was performed. Results: The patients were divided into two groups: the ACEI group, n = 872 patients and the ARB group, n = 508 patients. After IPTW matching, baseline characteristics were balanced. During the 3-year clinical follow-up, the incidence of MACE was not different between the two groups. However, incidence of stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 0.375; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.166–0.846; p = 0.018) and re-hospitalization due to heart failure (HF) (HR, 0.528; 95% CI, 0.289–0.965; p = 0.038) in the ACEI group were significantly lower than in the ARB group. Conclusion: In elderly AMI patients who underwent PCI with DES without a history of hypertension, the use of ACEI was significantly associated with reduced incidences of stroke, and re-hospitalization due to HF than those with the use of ARB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to analyse the relationship between a firm's resources, innovation-oriented culture, dynamic capabilities, and cooperation performance – in partnerships between firms and Public Research Institutions (PRIs). Based on the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Dynamic Capabilities Perspective (DCP), a framework for innovation, and business performance in Industry-Public Research Institutions (I-PRIs) cooperation was developed and used. Data from 167 firms with experience in I-PRIs cooperation in Korea – were collected using a questionnaire survey. The results show that – a firm's financial and human resources are important factors to increase dynamic capabilities. In particular, a firm's innovation-oriented culture is a key factor in improving dynamic capabilities. On the other hand, a firm's physical resources did not significantly affect dynamic capabilities. However, a firm's 'dynamic capabilities' are important factors in determining I-PRIs cooperation innovation performance, while I-PRIs cooperation innovation performance is a key factor in determining I-PRIs cooperation business performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aims to investigate the relationship between patient safety awareness, knowledge (risk‐Knowledge) and attitude about fire risk assessment during time‐out (risk‐Attitude) of perioperative nurses. Design: A cross‐sectional study. Methods: Perioperative nurses (N = 158) from 22 small‐ and medium‐sized hospitals participated in the study. Participants' characteristics, knowledge and attitude about fire risk assessment were investigated using structured questionnaires. Results: Patient safety awareness, risk‐Knowledge and risk‐Attitude scores were high among nurses who received frequent patient safety education or fire preparedness training, while patient safety awareness partially mediated the effect of risk‐Knowledge on risk‐Attitude. To increase perioperative nurses' risk‐Attitude, it would be effective to increase not only their risk‐Knowledge but also overall patient safety awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a new tick-borne viral disease, and most SFTS virus (SFTSV) infections occur via bites from the tick Haemaphysalis longicornis ; however, SFTSV transmission can also occur through close contact with an infected patient. SFTS is characterized by acute high fever, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, elevated serum hepatic enzyme levels, gastrointestinal symptoms, and multiorgan failure and has a 16.2 to 30% mortality rate. In this study, we found that age, dyspnea rates, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase, multiorgan dysfunction score (MODS), viral load, IL-6 levels, and IL-10 levels were higher in patients with fatal disease than in patients with nonfatal disease during the initial clinical course of SFTS. In addition, we found that IL-6 and IL-10 levels, rather than viral load and neutralizing antibody titers, in patients with an SFTSV infection strongly correlated with outcomes (for severe disease with an ultimate outcome of recovery or death). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to examine the sleep pattern of breast cancer survivors and anxiety and depression associated with sleep quality to provide evidence‐based information for the development of interventions to improve sleep disorders in these survivors. Design: A cross‐sectional study. Methods: The subjects were 266 breast cancer survivors in South Korea. Structured questionnaires regarding sleep quality, anxiety and depression were used. The data were analysed using t test, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. Results: Sleep duration and sleep disturbance were found to affect anxiety, whereas sleep latency and subjective sleep quality were found to affect depression. These results suggest that various factors affecting sleep quality should be considered when providing care for anxiety and depression in breast cancer survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research / Revue Canadienne de Recherche Vétérinaire is the property of Canadian Veterinary Medical Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Academic ethical awareness is an important aspect especially for nursing students who will provide ethical nursing care to patients in future or try to tread the path of learning toward professional acknowledgement in nursing scholarship. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore academic ethical awareness and its related characteristics among undergraduate nursing students. Methods: This study commenced the survey with cross-sectional, descriptive questions and enrolled convenient samples of 581 undergraduate nursing students from three universities in South Korea. It was investigated with structured questionnaires including general characteristics and academic ethical awareness related. Ethical considerations: This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board at National University. Findings: Academic ethical awareness was the highest regarding behaviors violating the respect or confidentiality of patients and cheating on exams, while it was the lowest for inappropriate behaviors in class. From the result of general characteristics difference, male students showed higher score than female students in relative; first-year students showed higher score than other year students; the higher score was rated from students who were highly satisfied with their major than the other not satisfied with their major; and students with low academic stress showed higher ethical awareness score than persons with higher stress. Conclusion: Personal behaviors were rated with low ethical awareness in relative, but items related to public rules and actual effects on patients or others were rated with higher score. Nursing satisfaction and academic stress are main factors on ethical awareness. To improve overall ethical awareness level of nursing students, it is required to provide more education about the importance of personal behaviors in class and need to improve the understanding of how it will be connected with future situation and effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Korea Institute Radiological Medical Sciences operates an emergency medical response system in case of a radiological accident or disaster. A radiation accident or disaster can affect large-scale patients and destroy medical infrastructure. However, there is currently a lack of specialized education for treating large-scale patients or high-dose exposure patients. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of radiological mass casualty triage education programs and present a new training method to improve the ability of 119 emergency medical teams in the event of a radiological accident or disaster. Method: The results of mass casualty triage for radiological events were analyzed using the audience response system and questionnaire for paramedics who participated in the radiation accident response training program. For 25 paramedics, a pre-post evaluation was conducted on two items: understanding the mass triage and understanding the radiological mass triage. The data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 23.0 program. Results: Thirty simulated patient scenarios were developed with the addition of clinical symptoms of radiation exposure based on the four trauma classifications: immediate, urgent, delayed, and death. The triage results of 30 cases conducted by 119 emergency medical teams were evaluated, and the trainees were asked to respond to the level of improvement in their knowledge of triage through pre- and post-training questionnaires. As a result of the pre- and post-education questionnaire, the degree of understanding of the mass triage was 3.8 before education and 4.4 after education, showing a significant difference (p=.003/MAX=5). The pre- and post-education questionnaire results of radiological mass triage showed a difference between 2.3 before education and 4.1 after education (p=.000/MAX=5). Conclusion: For effective radiation medical response, 119 emergency medical teams are required to have a repetitive mass triage education program for radiological events. It is especially important to provide a radiological triage system for field application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To develop and validate an eye care educational programme for intensive care unit nurses. Background Eye care guidelines and protocols have been developed for increasing eye care implementation in intensive care units. However, the guidelines lack consistency in assessment or intervention methodology. Design This was a one-sample pre/postprogramme evaluation study design for testing the effects of the eye care educational programme, developed for and applied to intensive care unit nurses, on their levels of knowledge and awareness. Methods The eye care educational programme was developed based on literature review and survey of educational needs. Thirty intensive care unit nurses served as subjects for the study. Results The levels of eye care-related knowledge, awareness and practice were enhanced following the implementation of the educational programme. Moreover, satisfaction with the educational programme was high. Conclusion It is necessary to intensify eye care education aimed at new nurses who are inexperienced in intensive care unit nursing and provide continuing education on the latest eye care methods and information to experienced nurses. Relevance to clinical practice The eye care educational programme developed in this study can be used as a strategy to periodically assess the eye status of patients and facilitate the appropriate eye care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was done to investigate the effects of comprehensive care program on cardiopulmonary function, muscle strength, immune response, and quality of life in ovarian cancer survivors. Participants were 40 ovarian cancer survivors, 20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group, at C university hospital gynecological cancer center from May 2009, to December 2010. The treatment was a comprehensive care program for 8 weeks consisting of group education and self-help group support, home-based exercise, and relaxation. Data were analyzed by t test and repeated-measures ANOVA. Cardiopulmonary function, measured by 12-min walk distance; muscle strength, measured by the chair-stand test; and quality of life were more increased in the experimental group. But immune response was not statistically significant. These results indicate that the comprehensive care program is an effective nursing intervention to improve cardiopulmonary function, muscle strength, and quality of life in ovarian cancer survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and periodontal disease in postmenopausal women using data from the 4th and 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Methods: The study included data from 5,482 postmenopausal women aged 45–74 years in the 2007–2012 KNHANES. The use of female HRT for at least one month was reclassified as HRT+/HRT-. The Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) was used to assess periodontal status. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to control selection bias, and factors affecting education, family income, and age of menopause were used as covariates in PSM. A chi-square test was used to confirm the bivariate relationship between the variables. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for confounders (age, education, family income, body mass index, age of menopause, alcohol, smoking, dental clinic visits in the past one year, use of oral care products and frequency of tooth brushing per day). Results: After adjusting for all covariates, HRT was associated with periodontal disease (OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.66–0.94). In particular, the relationship between HRT and periodontal disease was more evident in those with menopause under 45 years of age disease (OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.35–0.87). Conclusions: The results of this study supported that it is important that hormone therapy be actively considered in the policy towards postmenopausal women. Especially, health programs such as hormone replacement therapy, non-smoking, and use of oral care products are needed for women who undergo premature menopause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Real-world data on baseline characteristics, clinical practice, and outcomes of late presentation (12 to 48 h of symptom onset) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are limited.Objectives: This study aimed to investigate real-world features of STEMI late presenters in the contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) era.Methods: Of 13,707 patients from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institutes of Health database, 5,826 consecutive patients diagnosed with STEMI within 48 h of symptom onset during 2011 to 2015 were categorized as late (12 to 48 h; n = 624) or early (<12 h; n = 5,202) presenters. Coprimary outcomes were 180-day and 3-year all-cause mortality.Results: Late presenters had remarkably worse clinical outcomes than early presenters (180-day mortality: 10.7% vs. 6.8%; 3-year mortality: 16.2% vs. 10.6%; both log-rank p < 0.001), whereas presentation at ≥12 h of symptom onset was not independently associated with increased mortality after STEMI. The use of invasive interventional procedures abruptly decreased from the first (<12 h) to the second (12 to 24 h) 12-h interval of symptom-to-door time ("no primary PCI strategy" increased from 4.9% to 12.4%, and "no PCI" from 2.3% to 6.6%; both p < 0.001). Mortality rates abruptly increased from the first to the second 12-h interval of symptom-to-door time (from 6.8% to 11.2% for 180-day mortality; from 10.6% to 17.3% for 3-year mortality; all p < 0.05).Conclusions: Data from a nationwide prospective Korean registry reveal that inverse steep differences in the use of invasive interventional procedures and mortality rates were found between early and late presenters after STEMI. A multidisciplinary approach is required in identifying late presenters of STEMI who can benefit from invasive interventional procedures until further studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The clinical impact of body mass index (BMI), especially in the elderly with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), has not been sufficiently evaluated. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the clinical impact of BMI in very old patients (≥80 years) with AMI.Methods: The study analysed 2,489 AMI patients aged ≥80 years from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry and the Korea Working Group on Myocardial Infarction (KAMIR/KorMI) registries between November 2005 and March 2012. The study population was categorised into four groups based on their BMI: underweight (n=301), normal weight (n=1,150), overweight (n=890), and obese (n=148). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularisation, and target vessel revascularisation.Results: Baseline characteristics among the four groups were similar, except for hypertension (45.1 vs 58.4 vs 66.2 vs 69.9%, respectively; p<0.001) and diabetes (16.6 vs 23.6 vs 30.7 vs 35.1%, respectively; p<0.001). Coronary care unit length of stay was significantly different among the four groups during hospitalisation (5.3±5.9 vs 4.8±6.8 vs 4.2±4.0 vs 3.5±2.1 days; p=0.007). MACE (16.9 vs 14.9 vs 13.7 vs 8.8%; p=0.115) and cardiac death (10.3 vs 8.4 vs 7.9 vs 4.1%; p=0.043) less frequently occurred in the obese group than in other groups during the 1-year follow-up. A multivariate regression model showed obese status (BMI ≥27.5 kg/m2) as an independent predictor of reduced MACE (hazard ratio [HR], 0.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.06-0.69; p=0.010) along with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (≤40%) as a predictor of increased MACE (HR,1.87; 95% CI, 1.31-2.68; p=0.001).Conclusion: Body mass index in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction was significantly associated with coronary care unit stay and clinical cardiovascular outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]