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Anthropogenic and functional heterogeneities of urban landscapes contribute to the formation of local noise load centers. In cities, the acoustic background is multifactorial, that is, it is covered by different types of noise sources. However, the growth of traffic in cities is the first reason for the increase in noise pollution. Real-time studies of the traffic load of selected areas of the city, their acoustic load and the effectiveness of implemented noise protection devices (installation of noise protection screens) were conducted. The areas where the noise load of urban landscapes of Lviv was determined were selected taking into account the combination of different types of noise (automotive, automotive-railway, industrial-automotive) and the evaluation of the effectiveness of noise protection devices implemented nearby. Environmental assessment of the noise load of urban landscapes of Lviv showed in most cases that the equivalent and maximum noise levels were exceeded. The greatest noise pollution was on the street. The source level at the time of train movement is 88.2 dBA. For sections 1 and 2 (Lypinsky Str.), where automobile noise dominates, the exceedance of acoustic norms was within 7.5–13.4 dBA. For these areas, the average daily traffic load was determined to be 436 and 302 cars/hour, with the share of passenger cars of 73.2 and 79.6 %, respectively, of the total traffic flow. Modern urban planning should take into account noise pollution on a par with other factors of anthropogenic influence and visual aesthetics, because the constant noise background determines the degree of suitability of the urban landscape for living. The most common noise protection measures in residential areas are the use of construction and acoustic means and the formation of a system of green spaces. On the Lypynskyi Str., the efficiency of the installed noise protection screen in the form of a polycarbonate wall was 20 %, while on the Grabovsky St. noise protection screen of the “Green Wall” type – 23 %. The use of green spaces is also effective, which reduced the noise background by 16% on site 2 (Lypinsky Str. – Chornovola Ave.). For the city of Lviv, there is a need to conduct noise monitoring of the city and create a noise map. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conceptions of the stable economy growing of motor-car enterprises are reflected in the article. Principle of dynamic равновесий is used, inculcated О. Моргенштейном, and principle of the system "Канбана" "exactly in time". Application of these rules in service of management motor-car перевозками is comfortable, effective and have good indexes with minimum expenses.

The paper provides the analysis of the results of a multi-year monitoring of pollutant emissions from motor vehicles and stationary sources recorded in Rostov-оn-Don. Conclusions on the composition, structure and scope of these emissions are drawn. The authors prepared a database covering 2009-2016 years to build mathematical models of atmospheric air pollution.

This article discusses the features of small business in the Smolensk region. The composition and structure of industries included in the economy of small business in the region. The role and value of motor transport in functioning of small business in the region are defined. The dynamics of changes in tariffs, range of transportation, the use of vehicles, its structure were considered. The estimation of the efficiency of freight and passenger traffic, carried out by small businesses and their share in the total volume of transport services in the Smolensk region. The volume of transported goods for 12 years falls, i.e. SMEs lose competition to large businesses, because they can not work with large volumes of transported goods. At the same time, both large and small enterprises lose the volume of cargo transportation, yielding to large Metropolitan companies in the competition. As more mobile part of the business, not having the opportunity to work with large quantities, the SME went through the provision of specific services in the freight, taking on certain risks associated with the delivery (e.g. delivery of perishable, valuable, fragile or complex in design or dimensions of the products /goods) and over longer distances in a shorter period, as well as developing the segment of passenger transportation. The length of the road transport route in recent years has been growing dramatically, shifting to new markets for road transport services, in the conditions of fierce competition in the Smolensk market of transport services and the sanctions regime, serving the near and far regions of the country and Belarus. Based on the analysis, the main reasons for the deterioration of the situation of small enterprises engaged in road transport in the region were identified and measures to improve its functioning were proposed. On the basis of the conducted research the forecasts of development of motor transport in small business were given. Purpose – the purpose is to determine the reasons for the decline in the efficiency of small enterprises of motor transport in the region, to identify ways to overcome them and forecast the volume of transport services provided. The method or methodology of the work: the article used methods: statistical, economic-mathematical and economic-statistical methods based on the alignment of the dynamic series on the moving average and on the basis of the average annual growth rates of the volume of transport services. Results: the main results of activity of small business enterprises of motor transport of the Smolensk region are received, measures for their increase on the basis of what the forecast of volume of the provided motor transport services on conservative, basic and target option is defined. Scope of application of the results: the results should be applied by small businesses in the region engaged in the provision of road transport services in the Smolensk region in forecasting their activities.

This article discusses the features of small business in the Smolensk region. The composition and structure of industries included in the economy of small business in the region. The role and value of motor transport in functioning of small business in the region are defined. The dynamics of changes in tariffs, range of transportation, the use of vehicles, its structure were considered. The estimation of the efficiency of freight and passenger traffic, carried out by small businesses and their share in the total volume of transport services in the Smolensk region. The volume of transported goods for 12 years falls, i.e. SMEs lose competition to large businesses, because they can not work with large volumes of transported goods. At the same time, both large and small enterprises lose the volume of cargo transportation, yielding to large Metropolitan companies in the competition. As more mobile part of the business, not having the opportunity to work with large quantities, the SME went through the provision of specific services in the freight, taking on certain risks associated with the delivery (e.g. delivery of perishable, valuable, fragile or complex in design or dimensions of the products /goods) and over longer distances in a shorter period, as well as developing the segment of passenger transportation. The length of the road transport route in recent years has been growing dramatically, shifting to new markets for road transport services, in the conditions of fierce competition in the Smolensk market of transport services and the sanctions regime, serving the near and far regions of the country and Belarus. Based on the analysis, the main reasons for the deterioration of the situation of small enterprises engaged in road transport in the region were identified and measures to improve its functioning were proposed. On the basis of the conducted research the forecasts of development of motor transport in small business were given. In addition, the directions of improving the activities of small businesses in the transport in the digital economy were identified. Purpose – determination of the reasons for the decline in the efficiency of small enterprises of motor transport, identification of ways to overcome them in the context of the introduction of the digital economy and the forecast of the volume of motor transport services provided by them in the region. The method or methodology of the work: the article used methods: statistical, economic-mathematical and economic-statistical methods based on the alignment of the dynamic series on the moving average and on the basis of the average annual growth rates of the volume of transport services. Results: the main results of the small business enterprises of the Smolensk region motor transport are obtained, the measures for their increase in the conditions of the digital economy introduction are proposed, on the basis of which the forecast of the volume of the provided motor transport services on the conservative, basic and target option is determined. Scope of application of the results: the results should be applied by small businesses in the region engaged in the provision of road transport services in the Smolensk region in forecasting their activities.

Розкрито основи та визначено особливості підготовки майбутніх інженерів-педагогів автотранспортного профілю до моделювання технологічних процесів. Доведено, що використання в процесі професійної підготовки майбутніх інженерів-педагогів автотранспортного профілю до моделювання технологічних процесів сприяє кращому засвоєнню та осмисленню ними об’єктів моделювання. Розглянуто математичне моделювання технологічних процесів, яке є дієвим засобом навчання. Розроблено авторську програму для розрахунку продуктивності вантажного автомобіля.

Formulation of the problem. Infrastructure can be a factor of certain industries’ development in the service sector. Conversely, the development of the service sector may stimulate infrastructure development. Analysis of recent research and publications. Most of the research is devoted to issues of infrastructure and services separately, but not to the mutual influence of infrastructure and services. Selection of previously unsettled parts of the general problem. For studying the peculiarities of the mutual influence of the motor transport network and specific types of tourism in the Western region of Ukraine the motor transport infrastructure was considered as part of general infrastructure and tourism industry as part of service sector. Formulating the purpose of the paper. The purpose of the paper is the human and geographical analysis of the motor transport network of the Western region of Ukraine and spreading of the most developed types of tourism in the region in order to identify the features of their geospatial interdependence. Presentation of the main research material. The network of public automobile roads in the Western region of Ukraine is rather dense, which corresponds to the level of development of the tourism industry in the oblasts. There is a territorial gravity of the subjects of the hotel business and tourist flows to the places of a developed network of automobile roads. In order to analyze the motor transport and tourism spheres for correspondences between them, two classification criteria of types of tourism are selected: according to the way of travel and the purpose of travel. The types of tourism identified for each criterion can be linearly ordered in accordance with the predominant category of automobile roads. Conclusions. Automobile type of tourism uses the ways of travel on all available automobile roads. Cycling type is localized on all types of automobile roads, except international motorways. Pedestrian tourism tends to places where there are no roads of any class at all. Business tourism tends to the administrative and business centers that are on the priority automobile roads. Cognitive tourism tends to the natural, historical and cultural objects, while health tourism tends to the specialized health centers, mainly resorts. Pilgrim and nostalgic tourism occupy mostly lower levels of the hierarchy of automobile roads, although some nostalgic travels can be found in large cities. Fishing and, especially, hunting tourism tends to areas with no automobile roads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article considers and justifies modern approaches to determining priority directions of formation of the state policy of development of the transportation branch and development of transportation companies from the point of view of investment security. It offers a mechanism of formation and realisation of the state policy, which is not just a sum of organisational and economic forms, but a phenomenon, which reflects interconnection between them, interaction and intertransition. It establishes most important reasons that hold back development of the transportation branch. It determines main economic measures of the state policy of ensuring investment security of the transportation branch, which development of prospective forms of financing and support of this sphere are related to.В данной работе рассмотрены и обоснованы современные подходы к определению приоритетных направлений формирования государственной политики развития автотранспортной отрасли и развития автотранспортных предприятий с позиций обеспечения инвестиционной безопасности. Предложен механизм формирования и реализации политики государства, который является не простой суммой организационно-экономических форм, а таким явлением, в котором отражаются взаимосвязь между ними, взаимодействие, взаимопереходы. Установлены важнейшие причины, сдерживающие развитие автотранспортной отрасли. Определены основные экономические меры государственной политики обеспечения инвестиционной безопасности автотранспортной отрасли, к которым отнесено развитие перспективных форм финансирования и поддержки данной сферы.

In this paper the role, relationship and the degree of interaction between the road transport system and the state in the context of ensuring the security of their investment was justified.В данной работе была обоснована роль, взаимосвязь и степень взаимодействия автотранспортной системы и государства в разрезе обеспечения их инвестиционной безопасности.

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Copyright of Scientific Proceedings of Ostroh Academy National University Series, Economics is the property of National University of Ostroh Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)