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本稿はインドの大都市部における2003，2005年の政治社会意識調査データを基に，社会的な信頼感，政府や制度に対する信頼感が人々の認識構造においてどのように位置づけられているか探った論考である。これらのいわゆる信頼＝トラストは，政治的有力感，民主主義に対する認識などと密接な関係にあり，インドの政治的安定性を考える上で重要な変数である。平均・共分散構造分析による分析から，人々の政治社会の認識構図において，社会的信頼感に代表される社会に対する認識と，政治体制への信頼感に代表される政治体制に関する認識は分離されていることが示される。両者が分離していることで，社会の不安定性は政治の不安定性に転化せず，その意味で，インドの民主主義体制の安定性が保たれていること，政治体制への信頼は政府が人々の日常に関わる政治，経済政策において実績を上げることによって高まることなどが本稿の実証研究から示される。

This paper analyzes moral conflicts between the middle class and the poor in Philippine politics through a discursive construction of the "we/they" consciousness. These moral conflicts have not been explored in earlier studies, which either regard the middle class and civil society as democratic factors or examine class conflicts solely in terms of interest distribution. This paper provides an analytical framework that explains the construction of a "we/they" consciousness in a class-divided "dual public sphere." I analyze these discourses in relation to several political issues and conclude by arguing that the moral conflicts between the collective consciousnesses of "we/they" relations have undermined popular support for democracy. The middle class generally associates "we" with "citizen," and regards itself as a purveyor and defender of democracy. It views the "poor" ("them") as lacking the appropriate morals and education to make similar claims. In fact, for the middle class, the poor are often responsible for undermining democracy. On the other hand, the poor associate "we" with "the masses," who despite their upright morality, have been marginalized, despised or ignored by the selfish and cold-hearted "rich" ("them"). For the poor, the culprits behind democratic deterioration are the rich. This moral conflict denies the legitimacy of others and is undermining popular trust in democracy, which inherently demands the acceptance of "them" as legitimate adversaries.