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The study was selected according to its variability in resources and its important location parallel to an important protectorate. This coastal zone is characterized by different land use/cover activities (water, industrial site, agricultural areas, bare land, vegetative areas, fish farms, and sabkha). Twelve sites were selected along this part of the Mediterranean deltaic coast, each distance between every site is nearly 5 km. water and sediment samples were collected for the determination of these metal ions (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, and Co). The average concentrations of heavy metals are 56.50, 2.53, 24.77, 4.28, 0.88, 18.37, 0.97 and 0.06 µg/l in water and 7284.58, 132.60, 13.52, 2.99, 8.36, 4.84, 0.36 and 4.32 µg/g in sediments for Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, and Co, respectively. The concentrations of these metals (Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cd) are within the Australian guideline of marine sediments, but Zn, Cu, and Cd in water exceed these limits. Cadmium was the most abundant element in the coastal marine sediments. The heavy metal pollution index for marine water of the study area is within the normal limits except for site 12. The risk index of metals gives a low-risk category. The principal component analysis indicated that site 11 was related by dissolved Pb in seawater and Fe in sediments, this is maybe interpreted by the nature of sediment texture and different shipping activities. Mapping the spatial distribution of metals and their risk categories is an aid in monitoring environmental problems and quantifying their magnitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sensitivity to pollution in Burullus Lake was estimated based on the proximity analysis. The category of sensitivity was based on six factors including: agricultural areas, industrial areas, drains, Elboughaz, urban areas and fish farms. A statistical model was developed to estimate trophic state index (TSI) based on laboratory measurements of water samples at two different periods of time (Mach 2020 and June 2020) (R2 = 0.96 and 0.94, respectively). The important factors that were considered at the first period were chlorophyll, phosphate PO4 and oxidizable organic matter OOM. In the second period, the considered factors were ammonia NH4, silicates SiO4, and dissolved oxygen (DO). The category of TSI varied from oligotrophic to hyper-eutrophic conditions in March 2020, whereas it varied from eutrophic to hyper-eutrophic in June 2020. The eutrophication condition was higher in June than in March. This may be attributed to the huge amount of wastewaters, their contaminant load and season. The compatibility between sensitivity model and the obtained results in March 2020 was about 54.5%, whereas it was about 27.3% in June 2020. This reveals that the lake is highly sensitive to pollution and therefore it needs to be monitored regularly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: Nutrition support has undergone significant advances in recent decades, revolutionizing the care of critically ill and injured patients. However, providing adequate and optimal nutrition therapy for such patients is very challenging: it requires careful attention and an understanding of the biology of the individual patient's disease or injury process, including insight into the consequent changes in nutrients needed. Objective: The objective of this article is to review the current principles and practices of providing nutrition therapy for critically ill and injured patients. Methods: Review of the literature and evidence-based guidelines. Results: The evidence demonstrates the need to understand the biology of nutrition therapy for critically ill and injured patients, tailored to their individual disease or injury, age, and comorbidities. Conclusion: Nutrition therapy for critically ill and injured patients has become an important part of their overall care. No longer should we consider nutrition for critically ill and injured patients just as 'support' but, rather, as 'therapy', because it is, indeed, a key therapeutic modality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the polymorphism of GDF-9 gene in FH cattle that may affect its interaction with the BMP-15 protein. Method: Blood was taken from the jugular vein using 10 mL sterile syringes from ten Friesian Holstein cattle. The DNA were isolated from the whole blood and used as a template to amplify GDF-9 gene. The Amplicon (PCR product) was sequenced to identify the new SNP. The three-dimensional structure of GDF-9 protein was modeled by SWISS-MODEL. The characteristic of the protein structure was analyzed by using projectHOPE. The binding affinity GDF-9 into MBP was examined by PatchDock and FireDock. Results: The result indicates a new variant G1358A changed amino acid residue at position 435 from Arginine into Histidine (R453H). In silico analysis using projectHOPE predicted that the variant altered side chain of GDF-9 and changed its interaction with BMP-15. Further study suggested that the polymorphism R453H also reduce the binding affinity of the GDF-9 into BMP-15 from −85.58 kcal/mol (R453) into −80.79 kcal/mol (H453). Conclusion: The new variant G1358A at an estrous FH a cattle has potency alter GDF-9 profile that may affect to reproduction performance.