1,302 results on '"Anthony, Peter"'
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2. The Other Side of Heaven
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Anthony, Peter M.
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- 2020
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3. Explainable Malware Detection with Tailored Logic Explained Networks
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Anthony, Peter, Giannini, Francesco, Diligenti, Michelangelo, Homola, Martin, Gori, Marco, Balogh, Stefan, and Mojzis, Jan
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Computer Science - Cryptography and Security ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
Malware detection is a constant challenge in cybersecurity due to the rapid development of new attack techniques. Traditional signature-based approaches struggle to keep pace with the sheer volume of malware samples. Machine learning offers a promising solution, but faces issues of generalization to unseen samples and a lack of explanation for the instances identified as malware. However, human-understandable explanations are especially important in security-critical fields, where understanding model decisions is crucial for trust and legal compliance. While deep learning models excel at malware detection, their black-box nature hinders explainability. Conversely, interpretable models often fall short in performance. To bridge this gap in this application domain, we propose the use of Logic Explained Networks (LENs), which are a recently proposed class of interpretable neural networks providing explanations in the form of First-Order Logic (FOL) rules. This paper extends the application of LENs to the complex domain of malware detection, specifically using the large-scale EMBER dataset. In the experimental results we show that LENs achieve robustness that exceeds traditional interpretable methods and that are rivaling black-box models. Moreover, we introduce a tailored version of LENs that is shown to generate logic explanations with higher fidelity with respect to the model's predictions.
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- 2024
4. THEMIS 2.0: A self-consistent model for dust extinction, emission, and polarisation
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Ysard, Nathalie, Jones, Anthony Peter, Guillet, Vincent, Demyk, Karine, Decleir, Marjorie, Verstraete, Laurent, Choubani, Ilyes, Miville-Deschênes, Marc-Antoine, and Fanciullo, Lapo
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Recent observations in emission, extinction, and polarisation have at least partially invalidated most of the astronomical standard grain models for the diffuse ISM. Moreover, lab measurements on interstellar silicate analogues have shown differences with the optical properties used in these standard models. To address these issues, our objective is twofold: (i) to update the optical properties of silicates and (ii) to develop the THEMIS dust model to allow the calculation of polarised extinction and emission. Based on optical constants measured in the lab for amorphous silicates and on observational constraints in mid-IR extinction and X-ray scattering, we defined new optical constants for the THEMIS silicates. Absorption and scattering efficiencies for spheroidal grains were then derived with the discrete dipole approximation. These new optical properties make it possible to explain the dust emission and extinction, both total and polarised. The model is not yet pushed to its limits since it does not require the perfect alignment of all grains to explain the observations and it therefore has the potential to accommodate the highest polarisation levels inferred from extinction measures. Moreover, the dispersion of the optical properties of the different lab silicates naturally explain the variations in both the total and polarised emission and extinction observed in the diffuse ISM. A single, invariant model calibrated on one single set of observations is obsolete for explaining contemporary observations. We are proposing a completely flexible dust model based entirely on lab measurements that has the potential to make major advances in understanding the nature of ISM grains and how they evolve as a function of their environment. Even if challenging, this is also relevant for future missions that will aim to perform precise measurements of the CMB spectral distortions and polarisation., Comment: Accepted for publication by A&A ; abstract modified to match the arxiv standard ; typo corrected on 19/01/2024 in Tab. 3 ; units corrected on 07/02/2024 in Figs. 9 and C.2
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- 2024
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5. Exploring the Relationship between Guided Pathways Implementation and Advancing Racial Equity at California Community Colleges
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Anthony Peter Cuomo
- Abstract
Guided Pathways is a systemic reform movement focused on increasing community college completion rates and student achievement (Bailey et al., 2015b). Within the California community college (CCC) System, every college is implementing Guided Pathways, and the California Community College Chancellor's Office (CCCCO) continues to use this framework to organize and align all initiatives focused on improving equity and student success (California Community College Chancellor's Office [CCCCO, n.d.b). Yet, CCCs continue to face challenges achieving equitable outcomes for all students even while implementing Guided Pathways (CCCCO, 2021). Because Guided Pathways is a relatively new framework, few studies have examined its implementation at California Community Colleges with a specific focus on racial equity from a qualitative perspective. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the implementation of Guided Pathways at two California Community Colleges. This multi-site case study examined how the Educational Master Plan, Student Equity and Achievement (SEA) plan, Scale of Adoption Assessment (SOAA), and Guided Pathways Workplan contributed to local Guided Pathways implementation, including the equity related activities that colleges prioritized to implement and the perceptions of these activities on achieving racially equitable outcomes. In addition, this study sought to identify any challenges to the successful implementation of the Guided Pathways framework to close racial equity gaps. Findings from this study suggest that both cases focused on responding to a call for change, creating Career and Academic Pathways (CAPs) and mapping CAPs while implementing pillar two. Pillar two activities included developing Student Success and Completion Teams and expanding best practices from affinity programs. Participants at both cases expressed diverse perspectives on Guided Pathways and racial equity. Participants made sense of racial equity as a process, outcome and expressed concerns about using racial equity as lip service. Challenges included funding, leadership dynamics, and silos. Findings from this study suggest that to advance racial equity while implementing Guided Pathways, colleges should center racial equity in implementation, adopt an anti-racist framework, and continue to build capacity to work towards racially equitable student outcomes. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]
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- 2024
6. Developing a person-centered stated preference survey for dementia with Lewy bodies: value of a personal and public involvement process
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Paula Sinead Donnelly, Aoife Sweeney, Emily Wilson, Anthony Peter Passmore, Noleen K. McCorry, Marco Boeri, and Joseph P. M. Kane
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patient and public involvement ,dementia with Lewy bodies ,stated preference survey ,discrete choice experiment ,best-worst scaling ,patient perspective ,Medicine - Abstract
IntroductionThe development of high-quality stated preference (SP) surveys requires a rigorous design process involving engagement with representatives from the target population. However, while transparency in the reporting of the development of SP surveys is encouraged, few studies report on this process and the outcomes. Recommended stages of instrument development includes both steps for stakeholder/end-user engagement and pretesting. Pretesting typically involves interviews, often across multiple waves, with improvements made at each wave; pretesting is therefore resource intensive. The aims of this paper are to report on the outcomes of collaboration with a Lewy body dementia research advisory group during the design phase of a SP survey. We also evaluate an alternative approach to instrument development, necessitated by a resource constrained context.MethodThe approach involved conducting the stages of end-user engagement and pretesting together during a public involvement event. A hybrid approach involving a focus group with breakout interviews was employed. Feedback from contributors informed the evolution of the survey instrument.ResultsChanges to the survey instrument were organized into four categories: attribute modifications; choice task presentation and understanding; information presentation, clarity and content; and best-best scaling presentation. The hybrid approach facilitated group brainstorming while still allowing the researcher to assess the feasibility of choice tasks in an interview setting. However, greater individual exploration and the opportunity to trial iterative improvements across waves was not feasible with this approach.DiscussionInvolvement of the research advisory group resulted in a more person-centered survey design. In a context constrained by time and budget, and with consideration of the capacity and vulnerability of the target population, the approach taken was a feasible and pragmatic mechanism for improving the design of a SP survey.
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- 2024
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7. Conditions for Implementing Windowless OfficesinHi gh-Density Urban Cent ers of Malaysia: A Bibliometricand Systematic Review
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Thomas Terna Aule, Roshida Abdul Majid, Anthony Peter, and Kamaldeen Jide Anifowose
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bibliometrics analysis ,malaysian urban ,visual comfort ,vosviewer ,windowless office ,workplace environment ,Architecture ,NA1-9428 ,Human ecology. Anthropogeography ,GF1-900 - Abstract
The dearth of land in high-density urban centres necessitates constructing structures with deep interiors, with little or no connection to the external environment. Additionally, the negative relationships between high-rise structures in the city centresin recent times are increasingly making contact with the outdoor environments undesirable. Whether in the built environment, decision sciences, healthcare, or technological disciplines, there is a need to understand the factors necessary for windowless officeimplementation, its prominent researchers, and geographical contexts, among other conditions for practical application. These background variables could assist in arriving at emerging themes, problems and gaps for concrete windowless office development in Malaysia. In this systematic review, the bibliographic information of title, abstract and keywords was mined from 255 documents on the Scopus database to generate scientometric maps and links showing relationships on co-authorship, co-citation, co-occurrences, and bibliometric coupling. The top trending variables in windowless office research are COVID-19, energy efficiency, indoor air quality, heart rate variability, performance assessment, visual reality, and workplace environment. Like other advanced economies in Asia, Malaysia is seen to attain a satisfactory level of development to implement the windowless office design module, with stable electricity power, technological advancement, and psychological stability of the people. The emerging variables in this review will give novel directions in exploring the developmental, psychological and health conditions for effective windowless office implementation in the country and similar economies in Asia, Africa and South America, where metropolises are fast becoming compacted due to ever-growing city centres.
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- 2023
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8. Spinning nano-carbon grains: Viable origin for anomalous microwave emission
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Ysard, Nathalie, Miville-Deschênes, Marc-Antoine, Verstraete, Laurent, and Jones, Anthony Peter
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Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
Context. Excess microwave emission, commonly known as anomalous microwave emission (AME), is now routinely detected in the Milky Way. Although its link with the rotation of interstellar (carbonaceous) nano-grains seems to be relatively well established at cloud scales, large-scale observations show a lack of correlation between the different tracers of nano-carbons and AME, which has led the community to question the viability of this link. Aims. Using ancillary data and spinning dust models for nano-carbons and nano-silicates, we explore the extent to which the AME that come out of the Galactic Plane might originate with one or another carrier. Methods. In contrast to previous large-scale studies, our method is not built on comparing the correlations of the different dust tracers with each other, but rather on comparing the poor correlations predicted by the models with observed correlations. This is based on estimates that are as realistic as possible of the gas ionisation state and grain charge as a function of the local radiation field and gas density. Results. First, nano-carbon dust can explain all the observations for medium properties, in agreement with the latest findings about the separation of cold and warm neutral medium in the diffuse interstellar medium. The dispersion in the observations can be accounted for with little variations in the dust size distribution, abundance, or electric dipole moment. Second, regardless of the properties and abundance of the nano-silicate dust we considered, spinning nano-silicates are excluded as the sole source of the AME. Third, the best agreement with the observations is obtained when the emission of spinning nano-carbons alone is taken into account. However, a marginal participation of nano-silicates in AME production cannot be excluded as long as their abundance does not exceed $Y_{\rm Si} \sim 1\%$., Comment: accepted for publication by A&A
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- 2022
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9. A Cardiganshire Enlightenment, or, Paradise won : Thomas Johnes (1748-1816) : early experiences and influences and their impact on his life at Hafod
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Harvey, Anthony Peter, Heuser, Harry, and Meyrick, Robert
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Much has been written about Thomas Johnes (1748-1816) and even more about Hafod. However, this account takes a different approach to former studies, the key objective being to identify how his experiences and the influences derived from them during the period 1748 and 1783 impacted on his creation of Hafod and his life there. It is divided in to six parts. The first part provides an outline biography of his life up to 1783 and has the objective of adding to our knowledge of Thomas during these years and especially his time in Scotland, both at University and in the Highlands, and also on the Grand Tour. The final section covers his time back in Herefordshire in the 1770s. The second part offers a review and appraisal of the experiences and influences from this period which are considered important to his behaviour post-1783. It concentrates on his time in Scotland, especially the culture of the Enlightenment and the Highland scenery; the impact of individuals and particularly the Rev. Dr John Drysdale and his close network; and the aspirations of Johnes's own family. The third part describes Johnes's early years at Hafod in terms of the motivation provided by his earlier experiences. Because of the nature of the text each of the first three parts commence with an introduction which aims not only to provide a succinct summary but also to provide signposts to relate the text to later parts and sections. Part four builds on the foregoing to provide an overall summary. Parts five and six are respectively the appendices and the references.
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- 2022
10. Exploring the Relationship Between Guided Pathways Implementation and Advancing Racial Equity at California Community Colleges
- Author
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Cuomo, Anthony Peter
- Subjects
Educational leadership ,Community College ,Guided Pathways ,Racial Equity - Abstract
Guided Pathways is a systemic reform movement focused on increasing community college completion rates and student achievement (Bailey et al., 2015b). Within the California community college (CCC) System, every college is implementing Guided Pathways, and the California Community College Chancellor’s Office (CCCCO) continues to use this framework to organize and align all initiatives focused on improving equity and student success (California Community College Chancellor’s Office [CCCCO, n.d.b). Yet, CCCs continue to face challenges achieving equitable outcomes for all students even while implementing Guided Pathways (CCCCO, 2021). Because Guided Pathways is a relatively new framework, few studies have examined its implementation at California Community Colleges with a specific focus on racial equity from a qualitative perspective. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the implementation of Guided Pathways at two California Community Colleges. This multi-site case study examined how the Educational Master Plan, Student Equity and Achievement (SEA) plan, Scale of Adoption Assessment (SOAA), and Guided Pathways Workplan contributed to local Guided Pathways implementation, including the equity related activities that colleges prioritized to implement and the perceptions of these activities on achieving racially equitable outcomes. In addition, this study sought to identify any challenges to the successful implementation of the Guided Pathways framework to close racial equity gaps. Findings from this study suggest that both cases focused on responding to a call for change, creating Career and Academic Pathways (CAPs) and mapping CAPs while implementing pillar two. Pillar two activities included developing Student Success and Completion Teams and expanding best practices from affinity programs. Participants at both cases expressed diverse perspectives on Guided Pathways and racial equity. Participants made sense of racial equity as a process, outcome and expressed concerns about using racial equity as lip service. Challenges included funding, leadership dynamics, and silos. Findings from this study suggest that to advance racial equity while implementing Guided Pathways, colleges should center racial equity in implementation, adopt an anti-racist framework, and continue to build capacity to work towards racially equitable student outcomes.
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- 2024
11. Dialogue and consultation in higher education policymaking : a critical policy analysis of the tertiary funding review in England, 2017-2019
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Bagshaw, Anthony Peter Weale and Hyatt, David
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378.42 - Abstract
The UK government’s “Review of Post-18 Education and Funding” (Tertiary Review), 2017–2019, should have been highly influential on the shape of the further and higher education sectors in England. But a period of policy inaction and political turmoil arising from Brexit meant that the policy process, when judged against its own ambition, was a damp squib. I focus in this inquiry on the consultation which formed part of the evidence-gathering approach to support the report from Philip Augar’s expert panel. From this I draw conclusions which have value for practitioners, as the outsiders in the policymaking process, to support their future engagement with policy consultation exercises. This critical policy analysis explores the context of the Tertiary Review and deconstructs its texts following David Hyatt’s (2013a) critical higher education policy discourse analysis framework, adapted to suit this inquiry. I also use elements from the work of Mikhail Bakhtin to consider dialogic aspects of policymaking. The application of Bakhtin provides the epistemic foundation for the thesis, meaning-making through dialogic interanimation, to which I return throughout the analysis. I contextualise the review four ways: medium-term socio-political context; epoch; immediate socio-political context; and contemporary socio-political individuals, organisations and structures. These chapters develop understanding of the Tertiary Review’s position within the political, policy and academic discourses. I then deconstruct the review’s official texts, considering in turn the concepts of authority, consultation and influence. I use the contextualisation and deconstruction to draw conclusions which identify what general lessons can be drawn from the specific case, and I articulate the contribution that this thesis makes to the higher education policy and policymaking literature. I propose a dialogic policy consultation framework as a practitioner tool, and I invite the application and testing of the framework in practice as the natural extension of this practice-oriented, but theoretical, work.
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- 2020
12. A CALL TO LEADERSHIP
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Catinella, Anthony Peter, Iroku-Malize, Tochi, Greenberg, Grant, Robinson, Jehni, Vail, Belinda, Muramoto, Myra, and Elwood, Sam
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Medical societies -- Aims and objectives ,Family medicine -- Study and teaching ,Medical colleges -- Management ,Universities and colleges -- Departments ,Leadership -- Methods ,Company business management ,Health ,Science and technology - Abstract
Academic family medicine faces an impending leadership crisis, (1-4) embodied by a deficit of available applicants for vacant chair positions nationwide. The most recent data from the Association of Departments [...]
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- 2023
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13. Investigating the potential use of Ni‐Mn‐Co (NMC) battery materials as electrocatalysts for electrochemical water splitting
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Kaur, Arshdeep, primary, Alarco, Jose, additional, and O'Mullane, Anthony Peter, additional
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- 2024
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14. Mechanical Characterization of the Human Abdominal Wall Using Uniaxial Tensile Testing
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Kyleigh Kriener, Raushan Lala, Ryan Anthony Peter Homes, Hayley Finley, Kate Sinclair, Mason Kelley Williams, and Mark John Midwinter
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abdominal wall mechanical properties ,tensile properties ,uniaxial tensile testing ,Technology ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
It is generally accepted that the human abdominal wall comprises skin, subcutaneous tissues, muscles and their aponeuroses, and the parietal peritoneum. Understanding these layers and their mechanical properties provides valuable information to those designing procedural skills trainers, supporting surgical procedures (hernia repair), and engineering-based work (in silico simulation). However, there is little literature available on the mechanical properties of the abdominal wall in layers or as a composite in the context of designing a procedural skills trainer. This work characterizes the tensile properties of the human abdominal wall by layer and as a partial composite. Tissues were collected from fresh-never-frozen and fresh-frozen cadavers and tested in uniaxial tension at a rate of 5 mm/min until failure. Stress–strain curves were created for each sample, and the values for elastic moduli, ultimate tensile strength, and strain at failure were obtained. The experimental outcomes from this study demonstrated variations in tensile properties within and between tissues. The data also suggest that the tensile properties of composite abdominal walls are not additive. Ultimately, this body of work contributes to a deeper comprehension of these mechanical properties and will serve to enhance patient care, refine surgical interventions, and assist with more sophisticated engineering solutions.
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- 2023
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15. Notes on Abstract Argumentation Theory
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Young, Anthony Peter
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Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
This note reviews Section 2 of Dung's seminal 1995 paper on abstract argumentation theory. In particular, we clarify and make explicit all of the proofs mentioned therein, and provide more examples to illustrate the definitions, with the aim to help readers approaching abstract argumentation theory for the first time. However, we provide minimal commentary and will refer the reader to Dung's paper for the intuitions behind various concepts. The appropriate mathematical prerequisites are provided in the appendices., Comment: 100 pages, 39 figures, 6 tables
- Published
- 2018
16. Long-Term Care for Patients with Dementia
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Mullan, Kathryn, Passmore, Anthony Peter, McGuinness, Bernadette, Kane, Joseph P. M., Frederiksen, Kristian Steen, editor, and Waldemar, Gunhild, editor
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- 2021
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17. Developing a person-centered stated preference survey for dementia with Lewy bodies: value of a personal and public involvement process.
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Donnelly, Paula Sinead, Sweeney, Aoife, Wilson, Emily, Passmore, Anthony Peter, McCorry, Noleen K., Boeri, Marco, and Kane, Joseph P. M.
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- 2024
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18. Computational Electrocatalysis beyond Conventional Hydrogen Electrode Model: CO2Reduction to C2Species on Copper Facilitated by Dynamically Formed Solvent Halide Ions at the Solid-Liquid Interface
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Mao, Xin, primary, He, Tianwei, additional, Kour, Gurpreet, additional, Yin, Hanqing, additional, Ling, Chongyi, additional, Gao, G., additional, Jin, Yonggang, additional, Liu, Qingju, additional, O'Mullane, Anthony Peter, additional, and Du, Aijun, additional
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- 2024
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19. Dysfunctional cerebral glucose transport in Alzheimer’s Disease
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Nowell, Joseph, primary, Femminella, Grazia Daniela, additional, Ritchie, Craig W, additional, Holmes, Clive, additional, Walker, Zuzana, additional, Ridha, Basil H, additional, Lawrence, Robert M, additional, McFarlane, Brady, additional, Archer, Hilary, additional, Coulthard, Elizabeth, additional, Underwood, Benjamin, additional, Koranteng, Paul, additional, Karim, Salman, additional, Prasanna, Aparna, additional, Junaid, Kehinde, additional, McGuinness, Bernadette, additional, Nilforooshan, Ramin, additional, Thacker, Simon, additional, Russell, Gregor, additional, Malik, Naghma, additional, Mate, Vandana, additional, Knight, Lucy, additional, Kshemendran, Sajeev, additional, Holscher, Christian, additional, Harrison, John E, additional, Hinz, Rainer, additional, Tadros, George, additional, Passmore, Anthony Peter, additional, Ballard, Clive G, additional, and Edison, Paul, additional
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- 2023
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20. Delirium Following Elective Arthroplasty Predicts Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Dementia Eight Years Later However This Is Not Independent of Pre‐Operative Neurodegenerative Biomarkers And Cognition
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Sweeney, Aoife, primary, Passmore, Anthony Peter, additional, Beverland, David, additional, McGuinness, Bernadette, additional, McAuley, Daniel F, additional, O'Brien, Seamus, additional, Heslegrave, Amanda, additional, Schott, Jonathan M, additional, Zetterberg, Henrik, additional, Veleva, Elena, additional, Laban, Rhiannon, additional, and Cunningham, Emma L, additional
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- 2023
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21. Lower serum carotenoid levels are associated with incident cognitive decline independent of traditional risk factors in a prospective study of older men from Northern Ireland
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McKay, Gareth J, primary, Linden, Gerry, additional, Patterson, Christopher, additional, Passmore, Anthony Peter, additional, McEvoy, Claire T, additional, Woodside, Jayne V, additional, Holmes, Clive, additional, and McGuinness, Bernadette, additional
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- 2023
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22. MRI CHANGES FOLLOWING TREATMENT OF GLP‐1 ANALOGUE, LIRAGLUTIDE IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
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Edison, Paul, primary, Femminella, Grazia Daniela, additional, Ritchie, Craig, additional, Nowell, Joseph, additional, Holmes, Clive, additional, Walker, Zuzana, additional, Ridha, Basil H, additional, Williams, Gareth, additional, Lawrence, Robert M, additional, McFarlane, Brady, additional, Archer, Hilary, additional, Coulthard, Elizabeth, additional, Underwood, Benjamin, additional, Koranteng, Paul, additional, Karim, Salman, additional, Perneczky, Robert, additional, Prasanna, Aparna, additional, Junaid, Kehinde, additional, McGuinness, Bernadette, additional, Nilforooshan, Ramin, additional, Donaldson, Andrew, additional, Thacker, Simon, additional, Russell, Gregor, additional, Mate, Vandana, additional, Knight, Lucy, additional, Kshemendran, Sajeev, additional, Holscher, Christian, additional, Mansouri, Anita, additional, Chester‐Jones, Mae, additional, Holmes, Jane, additional, Harrison, John E, additional, Tadros, George, additional, Passmore, Anthony Peter, additional, and Ballard, Clive G, additional
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- 2023
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23. Periodontitis and future cognitive decline
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McGuinness, Bernadette, primary, Passmore, Anthony Peter, additional, Holmes, Clive, additional, Teeling, Jessica, additional, Linden, Gerry, additional, Farsi, Dominic, additional, McEvoy, Claire T, additional, McKay, Gareth J, additional, Abadelkareem, Rana, additional, Patterson, Christopher, additional, and McAlinden, Michael, additional
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- 2023
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24. Elective Surgery in People with Dementia in Northern Ireland
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O'Hara, Leeanne, primary, Zafeiridi, Evi, additional, Passmore, Anthony Peter, additional, Cunningham, Emma L, additional, and McGuinness, Bernadette, additional
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- 2023
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25. Hand grip strength, anthropometrics and cognitive decline
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McGuinness, Bernadette, primary, Passmore, Anthony Peter, additional, Holmes, Clive, additional, Patterson, Christopher, additional, Linden, Gerry, additional, McEvoy, Claire T, additional, McAlinden, Michael, additional, McKay, Gareth J, additional, Farsi, Dominic, additional, and Teeling, Jessica, additional
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- 2023
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26. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy metabolites as biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease
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Nowell, Joseph, primary, Young, Megan, additional, Femminella, Grazia Daniela, additional, Ritchie, Craig W, additional, Holmes, Clive, additional, Walker, Zuzana, additional, Ridha, Basil H, additional, Lawrence, Robert M, additional, McFarlane, Brady, additional, Archer, Hilary, additional, Coulthard, Elizabeth, additional, Underwood, Benjamin, additional, Koranteng, Paul, additional, Karim, Salman, additional, Prasanna, Aparna, additional, Junaid, Kehinde, additional, McGuinness, Bernadette, additional, Nilforooshan, Ramin, additional, Thacker, Simon, additional, Russell, Gregor, additional, Malik, Naghma, additional, Mate, Vandana, additional, Knight, Lucy, additional, Kshemendran, Sajeev, additional, Holscher, Christian, additional, Harrison, John E, additional, Hinz, Rainer, additional, Tadros, George, additional, Passmore, Anthony Peter, additional, Ballard, Clive G, additional, and Edison, Paul, additional
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- 2023
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27. Motivation and Career-Development Training Programs: Use of Regulatory Focus to Determine Program Effectiveness
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Anthony, Peter J. and Weide, Jeffrey
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The purpose of this study was to focus on the relationship between career-development training programs and the motivation of employees. The study used a qualitative method and a phenomenological design using semistructured interviews conducted with a script of open-ended questions. Two main components of the research design were the modified van Kaam method for exploration of experiences and the purposive selection of the participants. The 20 participants in the sample were project managers and consultants from south-central Texas, all of whom had experience with governmental projects. Based on interview responses, the findings of this study highlighted a concern from the participants that training programs have a major influence on workplace productivity and morale. Furthermore, the findings suggest the training program's quality may influence workplace productivity. The authors conclude by pointing out the analysis of the answers showed that not only does workplace productivity decline from the changes in a training program, but employee motivation is altered as well.
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- 2015
28. Motivational Issues of Faculty in Saudi Arabia
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Abdul-Cader, Akram and Anthony, Peter John
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This study focused on the factors that affect motivation of faculty in Saudi Arabia. It included two surveys and open-ended queries to a focus group of five academic managers and 25 faculty members of varying nationalities, rank, and institutes in Saudi Arabia. The research showed that the faculties in Saudi Arabia's highest education industry feel disconnected from the program development. The faculty members did not feel motivated to participate in the development and improvement of the academic program due to: (a) lack of monetary and non monetary incentives, (b) management not involving faculty in decision-making, and (c) lack of recognition and moral support. However, the faculties were intrinsically motivated to perform their greater interest in intrinsic motivation as a personal measure for success inside the classroom, but extrinsic motivation was a factor that needed greater improvement from the management of the universities for faculty to partake in development of the program.
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- 2014
29. Metabolomics and computational analysis of the role of monoamine oxidase activity in delirium and SARS-COV-2 infection
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Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf, Emma L. Cunningham, Hossen Teimoorinia, Anuradha Surendra, Xiaobei Pan, Steffany A. L. Bennett, Mijin Jung, Bernadette McGuiness, Anthony Peter Passmore, David Beverland, and Brian D. Green
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Delirium is an acute change in attention and cognition occurring in ~ 65% of severe SARS-CoV-2 cases. It is also common following surgery and an indicator of brain vulnerability and risk for the development of dementia. In this work we analyzed the underlying role of metabolism in delirium-susceptibility in the postoperative setting using metabolomic profiling of cerebrospinal fluid and blood taken from the same patients prior to planned orthopaedic surgery. Distance correlation analysis and Random Forest (RF) feature selection were used to determine changes in metabolic networks. We found significant concentration differences in several amino acids, acylcarnitines and polyamines linking delirium-prone patients to known factors in Alzheimer’s disease such as monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) protein. Subsequent computational structural comparison between MAOB and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 as well as protein–protein docking analysis showed that there potentially is strong binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to MAOB. The possibility that SARS-CoV-2 influences MAOB activity leading to the observed neurological and platelet-based complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection requires further investigation.
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- 2021
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30. Supporting Online Faculty Holistically: Developing a Support Website Resource
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Nordin, Eric and Anthony, Peter John
- Abstract
Current trends in post-secondary education enrollment indicate that colleges and universities are likely to experience an increase in the number of online students. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the type of resources and support features online faculty need, desire, and expect in a support website. The method used to collect research findings was an online survey. The participants for this study consisted of the online faculty population at an institution of higher learning in the southwestern United States. Participants were invited by email to participate in a 13 question survey which asked participants to rate the importance of the questions listed. Of the 2,522 survey invitations e-mailed to potential participants, 380 responded with completed surveys, providing a response rate of 15.06%. Although this was a relativity low response rate, researchers felt the demographics of the respondents provided an accurate representation of the population studied. Findings from the survey indicated participants agree there is a need to implement a support website. Participants indicated the support website should provide support resources, communication forums, and resources to increase connectivity to the institution. The authors note providing online faculty with support websites could be a differentiation strategy to recruit and retain quality online faculty.
- Published
- 2014
31. Does insulin resistance influence neurodegeneration in non-diabetic Alzheimer’s subjects?
- Author
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Grazia Daniela Femminella, Nicholas R. Livingston, Sanara Raza, Thalia van der Doef, Eleni Frangou, Sharon Love, Gail Busza, Valeria Calsolaro, Stefan Carver, Clive Holmes, Craig W. Ritchie, Robert M. Lawrence, Brady McFarlane, George Tadros, Basil H. Ridha, Carol Bannister, Zuzana Walker, Hilary Archer, Elizabeth Coulthard, Ben Underwood, Aparna Prasanna, Paul Koranteng, Salman Karim, Kehinde Junaid, Bernadette McGuinness, Anthony Peter Passmore, Ramin Nilforooshan, Ajayverma Macharouthu, Andrew Donaldson, Simon Thacker, Gregor Russell, Naghma Malik, Vandana Mate, Lucy Knight, Sajeev Kshemendran, Tricia Tan, Christian Holscher, John Harrison, David J. Brooks, Clive Ballard, and Paul Edison
- Subjects
Alzheimer’s disease ,Insulin resistance ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Positron emission tomography imaging ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and AD brain shows impaired insulin signalling. The role of peripheral insulin resistance on AD aetiopathogenesis in non-diabetic patients is still debated. Here we evaluated the influence of insulin resistance on brain glucose metabolism, grey matter volume and white matter lesions (WMLs) in non-diabetic AD subjects. Methods In total, 130 non-diabetic AD subjects underwent MRI and [18F]FDG PET scans with arterial cannula insertion for radioactivity measurement. T1 Volumetric and FLAIR sequences were acquired on a 3-T MRI scanner. These subjects also had measurement of glucose and insulin levels after a 4-h fast on the same day of the scan. Insulin resistance was calculated by the updated homeostatic model assessment (HOMA2). For [18F]FDG analysis, cerebral glucose metabolic rate (rCMRGlc) parametric images were generated using spectral analysis with arterial plasma input function. Results In this non-diabetic AD population, HOMA2 was negatively associated with hippocampal rCMRGlc, along with total grey matter volumes. No significant correlation was observed between HOMA2, hippocampal volume and WMLs. Conclusions In non-diabetic AD, peripheral insulin resistance is independently associated with reduced hippocampal glucose metabolism and with lower grey matter volume, suggesting that peripheral insulin resistance might influence AD pathology by its action on cerebral glucose metabolism and on neurodegeneration.
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- 2021
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32. Rapid electrochemical detection of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
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Thanyarat Chaibun, Jiratchaya Puenpa, Tatchanun Ngamdee, Nimaradee Boonapatcharoen, Pornpat Athamanolap, Anthony Peter O’Mullane, Sompong Vongpunsawad, Yong Poovorawan, Su Yin Lee, and Benchaporn Lertanantawong
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
Currently the most common method of COVID-19 diagnosis is by qRT-PCR which is slow and requires expensive instrumentation. Here the authors report an electrochemical biosensor based on isothermal rolling circle amplification for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric Burkitt’s lymphoma in an adolescent patient: a rare case
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Ruan, Wenly, Febo-Rodriguez, Liz, Daignault, Chelsea, Gulati, Nitya, Narine, Kalindi, Sher, Andrew Craig, Elghetany, Mohamed Tarek, Cortes-Santiago, Nahir, Fishman, Douglas Shawn, and Olive, Anthony Peter
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF 50 YEARS OF MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES IN MALAWI
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Chorwe-Sungani, Genesis, Sefasi, Anthony Peter, Jere, Diana, Kululanga, Lucy, and Mafuta, Chitsanzo
- Published
- 2015
35. Metabolomics and computational analysis of the role of monoamine oxidase activity in delirium and SARS-COV-2 infection
- Author
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Cuperlovic-Culf, Miroslava, Cunningham, Emma L., Teimoorinia, Hossen, Surendra, Anuradha, Pan, Xiaobei, Bennett, Steffany A. L., Jung, Mijin, McGuiness, Bernadette, Passmore, Anthony Peter, Beverland, David, and Green, Brian D.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Does insulin resistance influence neurodegeneration in non-diabetic Alzheimer’s subjects?
- Author
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Femminella, Grazia Daniela, Livingston, Nicholas R., Raza, Sanara, van der Doef, Thalia, Frangou, Eleni, Love, Sharon, Busza, Gail, Calsolaro, Valeria, Carver, Stefan, Holmes, Clive, Ritchie, Craig W., Lawrence, Robert M., McFarlane, Brady, Tadros, George, Ridha, Basil H., Bannister, Carol, Walker, Zuzana, Archer, Hilary, Coulthard, Elizabeth, Underwood, Ben, Prasanna, Aparna, Koranteng, Paul, Karim, Salman, Junaid, Kehinde, McGuinness, Bernadette, Passmore, Anthony Peter, Nilforooshan, Ramin, Macharouthu, Ajayverma, Donaldson, Andrew, Thacker, Simon, Russell, Gregor, Malik, Naghma, Mate, Vandana, Knight, Lucy, Kshemendran, Sajeev, Tan, Tricia, Holscher, Christian, Harrison, John, Brooks, David J., Ballard, Clive, and Edison, Paul
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Rapid electrochemical detection of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2
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Chaibun, Thanyarat, Puenpa, Jiratchaya, Ngamdee, Tatchanun, Boonapatcharoen, Nimaradee, Athamanolap, Pornpat, O’Mullane, Anthony Peter, Vongpunsawad, Sompong, Poovorawan, Yong, Lee, Su Yin, and Lertanantawong, Benchaporn
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Mechanical Characterization of the Human Abdominal Wall Using Uniaxial Tensile Testing
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Kriener, Kyleigh, primary, Lala, Raushan, additional, Homes, Ryan Anthony Peter, additional, Finley, Hayley, additional, Sinclair, Kate, additional, Williams, Mason Kelley, additional, and Midwinter, Mark John, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. A High‒Affinity “Synthavidin” Receptor for Squaraine Dyes
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Balduzzi, Federica, primary, Stewart, Patrick, additional, Samanta, Soumen, additional, Mooibroek, Tiddo, additional, Hoeg-Jensen, Thomas, additional, Shi, Kejia, additional, Smith, Bradley, additional, and Davis, Anthony Peter, additional
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Educational Attainment: Success to the Successful
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Anthony, Peter, Gould, David, and Smith, Gina
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Systems archetypes are patterns of structure found in systems that are helpful in understanding some of the dynamics within them. The intent of this study was to examine educational attainment data using the success-to-the-successful archetype as a model to see if it helps to explain the inequality observed in the data. Data covering 1990 to 2009 was collected from the United States Census Bureau for the United States, as well as for the States of Georgia and Washington. Findings indicated that this archetype is useful in explaining the variation, and there are several other terms and concepts that are helpful as well as the terms/concepts: success-to-the successful, the rich get richer, Pareto's law, Zipf's law, and power law distributions are related and sometimes used interchangeably.
- Published
- 2013
41. Infinite-energy solutions for the Navier-Stokes equations in a strip revisited
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Anthony, Peter and Zelik, Sergey
- Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs ,35B40, 35B45 - Abstract
The paper deals with the Navier-Stokes equations in a strip in the class of spatially non-decaing (infinite-energy) solutions belonging to the properly chosen uniformly local Sobolev spaces. The global well-posedness and dissipativity of the Navier-Stokes equations in a strip in such spaces has been first established in [S. Zelik, "Spatially nondecaying solutions of the 2D Navier-Stokes equation in a strip". Glasg. Math. J., 49 (2007), no. 3, 525--588]. However, the proof given there contains rather essential error and the aim of the present paper is to correct this error and to show that the main results of that paper remain true.
- Published
- 2013
42. The epidemiology of glaucoma in the EPIC-Norfolk eye study
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Khawaja, Anthony Peter
- Subjects
614 ,Glaucoma--Epidemiology - Published
- 2015
43. A treatment of stereochemistry in computer aided organic synthesis
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Cook, Anthony Peter Fendick, Johnson, A. P., and Marsden, S.
- Subjects
540 - Abstract
This thesis describes the author’s contributions to a new stereochemical processing module constructed for the ARChem retrosynthesis program. The purpose of the module is to add the ability to perform enantioselective and diastereoselective retrosynthetic disconnections and generate appropriate precursor molecules. The module uses evidence based rules generated from a large database of literature reactions. Chapter 1 provides an introduction and critical review of the published body of work for computer aided synthesis design. The role of computer perception of key structural features (rings, functions groups etc.) and the construction and use of reaction transforms for generating precursors is discussed. Emphasis is also given to the application of strategies in retrosynthetic analysis. The availability of large reaction databases has enabled a new generation of retrosynthesis design programs to be developed that use automatically generated transforms assembled from published reactions. A brief description of the transform generation method employed by ARChem is given. Chapter 2 describes the algorithms devised by the author for handling the computer recognition and representation of the stereochemical features found in molecule and reaction scheme diagrams. The approach is generalised and uses flexible recognition patterns to transform information found in chemical diagrams into concise stereo descriptors for computer processing. An algorithm for efficiently comparing and classifying pairs of stereo descriptors is described. This algorithm is central for solving the stereochemical constraints in a variety of substructure matching problems addressed in chapter 3. The concise representation of reactions and transform rules as hyperstructure graphs is described. Chapter 3 is concerned with the efficient and reliable detection of stereochemical symmetry in both molecules, reactions and rules. A novel symmetry perception algorithm, based on a constraints satisfaction problem (CSP) solver, is described. The use of a CSP solver to implement an isomorph‐free matching algorithm for stereochemical substructure matching is detailed. The prime function of this algorithm is to seek out unique retron locations in target molecules and then to generate precursor molecules without duplications due to symmetry. Novel algorithms for classifying asymmetric, pseudo‐asymmetric and symmetric stereocentres; meso, centro, and C2 symmetric molecules; and the stereotopicity of trigonal (sp2) centres are described. Chapter 4 introduces and formalises the annotated structural language used to create both retrosynthetic rules and the patterns used for functional group recognition. A novel functional group recognition package is described along with its use to detect important electronic features such as electron‐withdrawing or donating groups and leaving groups. The functional groups and electronic features are used as constraints in retron rules to improve transform relevance. Chapter 5 details the approach taken to design detailed stereoselective and substrate controlled transforms from organised hierarchies of rules. The rules employ a rich set of constraints annotations that concisely describe the keying retrons. The application of the transforms for collating evidence based scoring parameters from published reaction examples is described. A survey of available reaction databases and the techniques for mining stereoselective reactions is demonstrated. A data mining tool was developed for finding the best reputable stereoselective reaction types for coding as transforms. For various reasons it was not possible during the research period to fully integrate this work with the ARChem program. Instead, Chapter 6 introduces a novel one‐step retrosynthesis module to test the developed transforms. The retrosynthesis algorithms use the organisation of the transform rule hierarchy to efficiently locate the best retron matches using all applicable stereoselective transforms. This module was tested using a small set of selected target molecules and the generated routes were ranked using a series of measured parameters including: stereocentre clearance and bond cleavage; example reputation; estimated stereoselectivity with reliability; and evidence of tolerated functional groups. In addition a method for detecting regioselectivity issues is presented. This work presents a number of algorithms using common set and graph theory operations and notations. Appendix A lists the set theory symbols and meanings. Appendix B summarises and defines the common graph theory terminology used throughout this thesis.
- Published
- 2015
44. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Therapists' perspectives of predisposing factors of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
- Author
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Parnell, Anthony Peter, West, William, and Lennie, Clare
- Subjects
616.85 ,Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) ,Predisposing Factors ,Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) ,Therapists viewpoint - Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to explore the experience and sense making oftherapists working with clients who present with a PTSD diagnosis. The study engaged with therapists experience and understanding of predisposing factors to PTSD and how they incorporate this understanding into the therapy process. Further to this the experience of the therapists understanding of the influence of predisposing factors on the expression of PTSD was explored. Literature Review: A literature review is presented identifying core research relating to PTSD, predisposing factors to the development of PTSD and the treatments used when working with PTSD as a presenting issue. Methodology: To address the aims of the study 9 therapist participants were interviewed. Semi-structured, one to one, in-depth interviews were utilised to elicit participant’s experience of the issues outlined within the aims. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to identify re-current themes across the interviews and analyse the data, which emerged. Findings: The main findings present thirteen sub-ordinate themes that reflect the essence of the participant’s experience of the phenomenon under investigation. These were based around eight Super-ordinate (master) themes of Previous history, Therapy relationship, Psychoeducation and Normalisation, Identity, Culture, Attachment, Presenting Therapy Themes, and Support Systems. Discussion and Conclusion: The study identified the participant’s experience of predisposing factors on the expression of PTSD. There was consensus from the participant’s in relation to the significant impact of client’s previous life experience on their expression of PTSD. The participants further identified that the client’s previous life experience influenced their formulation and treatment of PTSD. Significant issues that were described by all of the participants regardless of their theoretical or therapeutic perspective were (1) the central importance of the therapeutic relationship, (without a strong, trusting and safe relationship the participants would not engage the therapy work), (2) the importance of in-depth history taking (identification of previous life experience and its impact on the current response to the trauma), (3) the impact of previous trauma(s), and (4) the impact of support systems, environment and identity. These issues are discussed alongside the existing literature around this topic. Additionally, suggestions for future directions of research and recommendations for practice are presented.
- Published
- 2014
45. Interpreting vision : a survey of patristic reception of the Transfiguration and its earliest depiction, with special reference to the Gospel of Luke
- Author
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Anthony, Peter Benedict and Rowland, Christopher
- Subjects
226.4 ,Biblical studies ,Church history ,Christianity and Christian spirituality ,Transfiguration ,Gospel of Luke ,reception history - Abstract
This thesis shows that patristic interpretation of the Transfiguration had a sensitivity to visionary and ecstatic motifs within the synoptic Transfiguration narratives, and particularly Luke’s, which prompted a rich breadth of hermeneutic interaction with our texts. I offer the evidence of my survey of the reception history of the Transfiguration in the first 900 years of Christian history as a way of filling a number of gaps in knowledge in modern biblical scholarship concerning the Transfiguration narratives. This thesis begins, in Chapters 1, 2, and 3, with an appraisal of interpretation offered by modern biblical scholars, patrologists, and art historians. Critical comment often overlooks a series of ambiguities in the narratives, particularly the distinct characteristics of Luke’s version. These include the question of whether the disciples enter the overshadowing cloud, the presence of priestly or cultic imagery, visionary motifs frequently found in apocalyptic texts, such as the disciples’ drowsiness, and Peter’s confusion at not knowing what he said. Chapters 4-7 examine the earliest reception in 2 Peter, the Apocalypse of Peter, and the Acts of Peter, explore at some length Origen’s and Tertullian’s interpretation, and also look at Latin and Greek comment after Origen. I show many ancient writers to understand the disciples as experiencing ecstatic vision. Some also use cultic language appertaining to the Jerusalem Temple in their exegesis of the Transfiguration. They also employ the narrative to interpret other prophetic or visionary texts. Many of these distinguishing features of interpretation frequently stem from their attentiveness to the Lucan narrative. Chapter 8 examines the earliest artistic depictions of the Transfiguration from the sixth century onwards. This chapter indicates that many of the visionary and cultic themes we have outlined in previous chapters are frequently overlooked by art historians, and also that Luke’s narrative exercised a greater influence on representation of the Transfiguration than many people have imagined. This thesis concludes with a reconsideration of the visionary character of the Transfiguration narratives. Many of the ambiguities, overlooked details, and distinctive traits we pointed to in our opening chapters will be seen to have had much greater significance through many centuries of early hermeneutic tradition and artistic depiction than is the case in modern historical critical scholarship.
- Published
- 2014
46. Tailored prompting to improve adherence to image-based dietary records: a randomised cross-over trial (Preprint)
- Author
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Lee, Lachlan Anthony-Peter, primary, Hall, Rosemary, additional, and Krebs, Jeremy, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Informing design for image-based dietary assessment applications: a pilot study (Preprint)
- Author
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Lee, Lachlan Anthony-Peter, primary, Hall, Rosemary, additional, and Krebs, Jeremy, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Hypothyroidism and Somatization: Results from E-Mode Patient Self-Assessment of Thyroid Therapy, a Cross-Sectional, International Online Patient Survey
- Author
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Perros, Petros, primary, Nagy, Endre Vezekenyi, additional, Papini, Enrico, additional, Van Der Feltz-Cornelis, Christina Maria, additional, Weetman, Anthony Peter, additional, Hay, Harriet Alexandra, additional, Abad-Madroñero, Juan, additional, Tallett, Amy Johanna, additional, Bilas, Megan, additional, Lakwijk, Peter, additional, Poots, Alan J., additional, and Hegedüs, Laszlo, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Assessing the prevalence and risk factors of pre-diabetes among the community of Iganga municipality, Uganda: a cross sectional study
- Author
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Christine Aramo, Anthony Peter Oyom, Emmanuel Okello, Victoria Acam, John Charles Okiria, Bashir Mwambi, and Caesar Oyet
- Subjects
Pre-diabetes ,Type 2 diabetes mellitus ,Impaired glucose tolerance ,Impaired fasting glucose ,Iganga municipal ,Medicine ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Abstract Objective The prevalence of pre-diabetes is increasing globally with more than 470 million people projected to develop pre-diabetes by 2030. In Africa, the average prevalence of pre-diabetes was estimated at 7.3% in 2015 and affected individual will develop type 2 diabetes mellitus within few decades. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of pre-diabetes and associated risk factors among residents of Iganga municipality. A cross-sectional study was conducted among males and females aged 13–60 years. District health office provided updated household list from which sampling of the villages was performed based on probability proportionate to population. Consented participants were prepared for the study, allowing fasting for 8 to 10 h before blood collection the next morning. Individuals with impaired fasting glucose, were subjected to OGTT. Results 130 participants were enrolled, of which 98 were women. The mean age of the participants was 35 years. The prevalence of pre-diabetes was 3.8%. The proportion of impaired glucose tolerance was higher in current smokers (p = 0.01), obese participants (p = 0.002) and hypertensive participants (p
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Evaluating the effects of the novel GLP-1 analogue liraglutide in Alzheimer’s disease: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (ELAD study)
- Author
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Grazia Daniela Femminella, Eleni Frangou, Sharon B. Love, Gail Busza, Clive Holmes, Craig Ritchie, Robert Lawrence, Brady McFarlane, George Tadros, Basil H. Ridha, Carol Bannister, Zuzana Walker, Hilary Archer, Elizabeth Coulthard, Ben R. Underwood, Aparna Prasanna, Paul Koranteng, Salman Karim, Kehinde Junaid, Bernadette McGuinness, Ramin Nilforooshan, Ajay Macharouthu, Andrew Donaldson, Simon Thacker, Gregor Russell, Naghma Malik, Vandana Mate, Lucy Knight, Sajeev Kshemendran, John Harrison, David J. Brooks, Anthony Peter Passmore, Clive Ballard, and Paul Edison
- Subjects
Alzheimer’s disease ,Dementia ,Randomised controlled trial ,Liraglutide ,Cerebral glucose metabolic rate ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue currently approved for type 2 diabetes and obesity. Preclinical evidence in transgenic models of Alzheimer’s disease suggests that liraglutide exerts neuroprotective effects by reducing amyloid oligomers, normalising synaptic plasticity and cerebral glucose uptake, and increasing the proliferation of neuronal progenitor cells. The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the change in cerebral glucose metabolic rate after 12 months of treatment with liraglutide in participants with Alzheimer’s disease compared to those who are receiving placebo. Methods/design ELAD is a 12-month, multi-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase IIb trial of liraglutide in participants with mild Alzheimer’s dementia. A total of 206 participants will be randomised to receive either liraglutide or placebo as a daily injection for a year. The primary outcome will be the change in cerebral glucose metabolic rate in the cortical regions (hippocampus, medial temporal lobe, and posterior cingulate) from baseline to follow-up in the treatment group compared with the placebo group. The key secondary outcomes are the change from baseline to 12 months in z scores for clinical and cognitive measures (Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale—Cognitive Subscale and Executive domain scores of the Neuropsychological Test Battery, Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes, and Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study—Activities of Daily Living) and the incidence and severity of treatment-emergent adverse events or clinically important changes in safety assessments. Other secondary outcomes are 12-month change in magnetic resonance imaging volume, diffusion tensor imaging parameters, reduction in microglial activation in a subgroup of participants, reduction in tau formation and change in amyloid levels in a subgroup of participants measured by tau and amyloid imaging, and changes in composite scores using support machine vector analysis in the treatment group compared with the placebo group. Discussion Alzheimer’s disease is a leading cause of morbidity worldwide. As available treatments are only symptomatic, the search for disease-modifying therapies is a priority. If the ELAD trial is successful, liraglutide and GLP-1 analogues will represent an important class of compounds to be further evaluated in clinical trials for Alzheimer’s treatment. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01843075. Registration 30 April 2013.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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