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Aim The current study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of breastfeeding on the development and outcome measures of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The second aim was to determine the consequences of particular sociodemographic and sociocultural characteristics and nutritional behavior of early childhood on JIA. Methods The study includes the patients diagnosed with JIA and regularly followed up at the Department of Pediatric Rheumatology in Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa. The comparison group consisted of healthy subjects and patients with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE). A face-to-face survey method was conducted with the parents of the participants between February 1, 2021, and September 1, 2021. Results The mean age of the JIA cohort (n = 324) was 12.2 +/- 4.7 years, with a female ratio of 64.8%. The breastfeeding rate differed from the control groups (253 healthy subjects and 88 patients with jSLE) but was higher with a value of 94.8%. There was no difference between the groups (P = .097, P = .064) or within the subgroups of JIA (P = .12) regarding breastfeeding duration. Cow\"s milk introduction time (P = .02, P = .0001), household pet-keeping (P = .001), income level (P = .0001), maternal literacy (P = 0.013) made a statistical difference vs the control groups. Conclusion No relationship was established between the rate or duration of breastfeeding and the development or severity of JIA. The early introduction of cow\"s milk was found to be higher in the patient cohorts. The income level and maternal literacy appeared to be relevant with the high disability and damage scores, and frequent relapse rates. Secondhand smoking, higher in JIA, may prompt the basis of primary preventable strategies in JIA.

YILDIZ, Mehmet/0000-0002-7834-4909; Sahin, Sezgin/0000-0002-5365-3457; Kasapcopur, Ozgur/0000-0002-1125-7720; Haslak, Fatih/0000-0002-6963-9668; Barut, Kenan/0000-0001-8459-2872 WOS:000548231000002 PubMed ID: 32661928 Concerns regarding the comorbidity as a significant risk factor for Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), gave rise to an urgent need for studies evaluating patients with chronic conditions such as autoinflammatory diseases (AIDs). We prepared a web-based survey investigating the clinical findings and contact histories among pediatric patients with AIDs. Confirmed COVID-19 cases, patients with contact history and those with symptoms which were highly suggestive of COVID-19 were called via phone or recruited to a video or face to face appointment. Data of AIDs were obtained from their medical records, retrospectively. Laboratory and screening findings were confirmed by our national health registry website. There were 404 patients (217 female) eligible for the enrollment. During pandemic, 375 (93%) were on colchicine treatment and 48 (11.8%) were receiving biologic treatment. Twenty-four out of 404 patients were admitted to hospital due to COVID-19 suspicion. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) was identified through rhinopharyngeal swabs in seven patients, six of whom were only on colchicine treatment. Only one patient with no finding of any severe respiratory complications was hospitalized. All of seven patients recovered completely. Among patients on biologic drugs, neither a symptom nor a positive polymerase chain reaction test for COVID 19 was detected. In conclusion, pediatric patients with AIDs, those receiving biologic treatment and/or colchicine, may not be at increased risk for neither being infected nor the severe disease course.