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This research applied a multi-criteria optimization technique to analyse the inventory system of a Central Sterile Supply Department (CSSD) through preemptive and non-preemptive goal programming. Data on six raw materials and four finished products were collected, in addition to their costs, demand rates, shelf lives, and available capital. The developed objective function of the non-preemptive model combined four goals: inventory cost optimization (highest priority), inventory turnover, service level, and delivery lead time. The implemented model guaranteed zero stock-outs, reduced wait times between productions, timely product sales, and the elimination of unnecessary overall costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The six states of South Western Nigeria zone share the same cultural and ethnical background; socioeconomic and religious features. With the advent of Islam (and Christianity the people of the regions gradually gave up their traditional identities like naming, dressing etc for either of the two religions. This paper examines some economic transactions of people of the zone to determine the ratio of Muslim and non-Muslim who conform or otherwise to Islamic ethical values. The data collected via administration of questionnaire were analyzed using simple percentage and frequency count method. The study shows that the number of Muslims (30%) who agree that interested trader of any particular item has freedom of entry and exit in to marketplace without any hindrance from the existing traders is lower than non-Muslims (37%). Many of the Muslim (28%) and non-Muslims (27%) agree to display their goods without separating between standard and substandard. Most of Muslims (37%) and non-Muslim (36%) see nothing bad selling goods under negotiation by one customer to another who promises to buy the good with higher price. Obviously, many practices in our study areas have conformity to Islamic rules without significant difference between the two groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]