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Copyright of Mediterranean Nursing & Midwifery is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ilk Müslümanlar, vahiy ilimleri ile akîl ilimlerinin entegrasyonunu, tefekkür ve teemmüle teşvik eden Kur'ân-î Kerîm'in yönlendirmelerine uygun olarak sağlamaya çalîştîlar. Ancak bilim ile dinin birbirinden ayrîlmasî ilkesine dayanan Batî Rönesansî ve seküler düşüncenin önderliğindeki Batî zihinsel sömürgeciliği, sekülarizmi eğitime entegre ederek her türlü dini düşünceyi küçümseme ve itibarsîz- laştîrma amacî gütmüştür. "Sekülerlik" adî altînda bilime kendi görüşleri, arzularî, yanlîşlarî, felsefi çarpîtmalarî, delilsiz açîklama ve yorumlarî sokulmuş; genç nesilleri bu düşüncelerle ikna etmeyi, dini ortadan kaldîrmayî ve dinin ilkeleri, inançlarî, sistemleri ve ahlakîna karşî çîkmayî hedeflemişlerdir. Bu süreçte, nesiller dinin öğretilerinden uzaklaştîrîlmîş ve dinin eski zamanlarîn bir hurafesi olduğu inancî yaygînlaştîrîlmîştîr. Sömürgeci hükümetler, Batî'nîn değer ve kavramlarînî pekiştirmek ama- cîyla eğitim yöntemlerini değiştirmiş; bu da vahiy ve akîl arasînda bütünlük ilkesine dayanan Islâmî mirasa verilen önemin azalmasîna yol açmîştîr. Islâm ümmetinin kültürel ve medenî rolü zayîflamîş, bu da dini kimlik ile bilim arasîndaki bağîn kopmasîna ve Islami mirasla olan etkileşim bilincinin azalmasîna neden olmuştur. Müslümanlar, nesiller boyunca bu durumdan kurtulmayî başaramamîşlardîr. Bu nedenle, modern zorluklarla bütünleşik ve kapsamlî bir şekilde başa çîkmak amacîyla Islami mirasla olan bağîmîzî yeniden kurmamîz gerekmektedir. Bu noktada, bilgi entegrasyonu yöntemini ve bu entegrasyonun gelişim yollarînî düşünmenin önemi ortaya çîkmaktadîr. Bu bağlamda, birçok çağdaş alim vahiy ile bilimin birbirinden ayrîlmasînîn tehlikelerine dikkat çekmiş ve vahiy bilimleri ile akîl bilimleri, din ile bilim arasînda bir bağlantî ve bütünlük kurmanîn zorunluluğunu vurgulamîştîr. Bu isimlerden biri de bu alanda önemli katkîlarî olan düşünürlerden Dr. Fethi Malkâvî'dir. Onun metodolojisini ve yöntemlerini anlamak, günümüzde bilgi entegrasyonu konusunda çağdaş alimlerin çabalarînî aydînlatacak ve Batî ideolojisinin din ile akîl arasînda yaptîğî ayrîm karşîsînda daha bilinçli adîmlar atmamîzî sağlayacaktîr. Bu çalîşmada analitik bir yöntem kullanarak Dr. Fethi Milkâvi'nin bilgi entegrasyonu metodolojisine dair yaklaşîmlarînî incelemeyi ve analiz etmeyi amaçladîk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Oxygen therapy (OT) is the administration of oxygen (O2) at a concentration greater than that found in the atmosphere to prevent the symptoms of hypoxemia. The necessary knowledge, skills and attitudes of the staff while OT may affect the treatment outcomes. In our study, we aimed to determine the training and knowledge status of doctors and nurses working in our university hospital on OT. Methods: The cross-sectional study was completed with 231 participants after ethics committee approval. Data were obtained by hand-completion of questionnaires consisting of 23 questions to volunteer. According to the correct answers given to the questions investigating the level of knowledge, scores >80% were classified as good knowledge level and <60% as poor knowledge level. p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The number of employees reached by the survey was 422 and 85% of nurses and 62% of doctors stated that they had knowledge of OT application. Twenty seven percent of nurses and 42% of doctors were using guidelines for OT. Eighty six percent of doctors and 90% of nurses felt that training for OT was necessary and the most common sources of information were school education. The rate of good knowledge was 9.7% among nurses and 14.3% among doctors (p=0.418). Regarding the expected clinical outcomes of OT, 71% of physicians and 49% of nurses had a good level of knowledge (p<0.001). Sixty four percent of physicians and 86% of nurses (p<0.001) had a poor level of knowledge about low-flow OT and 49% of physicians and 69% of nurses had a poor level of knowledge (p=0.004) about indications for short-term OT. Most of the participants (87.7%) had poor knowledge about O2 toxicity. Conclusion: It was concluded that the majority of healthcare professionals have insufficient knowledge in OT and comprehensive training programs are needed at regular intervals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Nursing Effect / Etkili Hemşirelik Dergisi is the property of Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Hemsirelik Fakultesi Elektronik Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Online Journal of Recreation & Sports is the property of Online Journal of Recreation & Sports and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Current Research in Dental Sciences is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this article discusses, the evidential nature of the knowledge that qualifies one as a human being and the existential and epistemic processes of being responsible will be discussed from a Muʿtazilite perspective. What are the intrinsic and cognitive qualities that make human beings knowers? How should the intellect be understood as evidence and its functional contribution to the process of gaining knowledge from evidence? To what extent is the activity of the subject's realized in the process of intellect, evidence, and knowledge? How can the minimum cognitive conditions that make human beings responsible be explained in relation to the nature of the obligation (taklif) Assuming that every human being, by virtue of his/her nature and rational faculties, is capable of reaching the level of knowledge that is the source of responsibility, what justifies moral retribution (punishment) in the case of failure despite the existence of this capacity? Seeking answers to questions like these is the main interest of this article. In Muʿtazilite theology, not recognizing God and His superior qualities, and not completing the process of obligation for a virtuous life means that the individual will face a consequence proportional to his level of belief and morality. Moreover, man can use his/her intellect to investigate the causes and reasons of things, to understand what the evidence points to, and to complete the epistemic process that leads to the unknown. By nature, man knows himself/herself, is aware of the external world, wills, perceives, has a priori knowledge, is willing to think, is aware of the evidence, can understand what is said, knows the causes of his actions, and the nature of moral values. Therefore, this article will examine the initial principles that make human beings responsible and the cognitive limits that arise from human nature. The stages of human responsibility from physical development to intellectual maturity will be discussed from a Muʿtazilite perspective with a descriptive method. After mentioning the basic nature of the a priori knowledge that makes man responsible as an intelligent being, the existential and cognitive processes that require responsibility will be analyzed. Since the article is not a interfactional comparison, the main issue will be analyzed on the axis of Mu'tazila. For this reason, the main issue will be examined around a theme in which the intellect and moral nature are at the center, without giving space to a detailed lexical and terminological conceptual analysis. The article focuses on the physical factors that make human beings responsible, the lowest level of knowledge, the qualities of knowledge that require being responsible, and the intellectual and moral process of obligation. The relationship of knowledge about God to existential and cognitive processes is determined with categorical distinctions in order to ensure the originality sought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Family medicine is a discipline that prioritizes the patient-physician relationship, particularly focusing on preventive and developmental health services. In family medicine, the comprehensive pediatric care includes monitoring growth and development from birth, assessing health status, and providing preventive healthcare elements such as vaccinations and health education. Objective: Our study aims to assess the knowledge levels, attitudes, and awareness of family physicians regarding newborn screening and monitoring. Method: For this study, a survey prepared by the researcher was utilized to ascertain the sociodemographic characteristics of family physicians and their knowledge, attitudes, and awareness regarding newborn period monitoring and screenings. Results: Out of the 318 family physicians included in our study, it was found that 99.4% performed weight measurement, 97.5% performed head circumference measurement, 97.5% assessed fontanels, 83.6% conducted height measurement, 83.3% evaluated newborn reflexes, 76.7% performed genital examination, 65.4% conducted eye examination, 48.4% performed hip examination, and 29.8% conducted hearing examination on newborns. Additionally, 58.2% of them performed red reflex testing in routine neonatal eye screening, while 8.5% evaluated for congenital critical heart disease using pulse oximetry in newborns. In the statistical analyses, no significant relationship was found between newborn reflexes, eye examination, genital examination, hip examination, hearing examination, and scoliosis examination with the variables of age and years of professional experience. Family medicine specialists perform genital examinations and hearing examinations at a statistically significantly higher rate compared to general practitioners and contracted family medicine residents (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is necessary to conduct educational interventions within the scope of professional development to enhance the knowledge levels and practices of family physicians regarding newborn screening and monitoring, as well as to increase their awareness on this matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening reaction characterized by sudden symptoms affecting different organ systems, and healthcare professionals must recognize and urgently treat anaphylaxis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of family physicians in Türkiye about the diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis, use of adrenaline auto-injector, and factors affecting these attitudes. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive survey study. An online questionnaire was administered to family physicians to evaluate their knowledge levels regarding the diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis and the use of AAI. Results: The study was completed with 207 participants, mean age was 33.8±8.5 years and mean professional experience was 8.5±8.3 years. 93.7% of the participants stated that the first-line treatment of anaphylaxis was adrenaline, 85.5% the correct route of adrenaline administration was intramuscular, 79.2% the right place of adrenaline administration, 75.4% the dose of adrenaline in children, 61.8% of them answered the adrenaline dose correctly in adults. 51.2% of the participants stated that they knew about the use of AAI, and 24.6% had received training on this subject. The average number of professional years of participants who knew that the first-line treatment was adrenaline, the correct route and place of administration of adrenaline, and knew how to use auto-injectors were statistically significantly lower (p=0.031, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.041, respectively). Family physicians who received post-graduation training on anaphylaxis; the rate of knowing that the first-line treatment of anaphylaxis was adrenaline, the correct route and place of administration of adrenaline, and the rate of knowing the use of auto-injectors were statistically significantly higher (p=0.013, p=0.037, p=0.024, p=0.011, respectively). Conclusion: The most significant outcome of our study is family physicians' knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis is higher when their training at medical faculty and specialist training is more recent and when they undergo post-graduation training. With post-graduation training programs, family physicians can become more competent in life-threatening anaphylaxis. However, physicians' knowledge of adrenaline auto-injector therapy is insufficient. Family physicians should be trained on the use of this essential and life-saving drug for those at risk of anaphylaxis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Culture & Haci Bektas Veli Research Quarterly is the property of Turkish Cultur & Haci Bektas Veli Research Quarterly and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University / Ankara Üniversitesi Eczacilik Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Ankara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Antimicrobial use in animal husbandry has been ascribed to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) gene selection and build-up in treated animals' microbiota. This ends up in the food chain and contributes immensely to drug resistance in the society. Studies on risk factors for antimicrobial resistance in poultry can be useful in providing data and designing appropriate control measures. This study therefore assessed the knowledge and practices affecting AMR in poultry farms in Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria. A semi-structured and pre-tested questionnaire was administered to 44 poultry farmers in the study area. Among the farmers, 90.91% were aware that excessive antimicrobial use contributes to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. More than 70% of the farms lacked basic hygiene and biosecurity facilities/measures. Sixty percent of the farmers buried their dead birds, all (100%) packaged their dung for subsequent land disposal, and 50% dumped expired, unused/used drug packets in the nearest bush. About 65, 100, and 90% of antimicrobial usage were for growth promotion, prophylactic purposes, and therapeutic purposes, respectively. Finally, only 18.18% observed withdrawal periods before disposal of their products. The study found that the farmers used non-therapeutic antimicrobials as a "simple fix" or to compensate for poor management practices. There is need to further educate the farmers on the contributions of their activities to drug resistance in the society.

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, diş hekimliği son sınıf öğrencilerinin temel yaşam desteği bilgisini, temel yaşam desteği uygulayabilme öz güvenini, eğitim öncesi ve sonrası olarak değerlendirmektir. Yöntemler: Çalışmaya diş hekimliği son sınıf öğrencisi olan 96 kişi katıldı. Temel yaşam desteği bilgi düzeyi, eğitim öncesi ve sonrası, teorik ve maket ile uygulamalı olarak, 2 aşamada değerlendirilmiştir. Anket ve uygulama 10 puan üzerinden değerlendirilmiş olup, alınan puanlar kötü, orta ve iyi olarak, üç kategoriye ayrılarak (kötü≤3, 4≤orta≤7, 8≤iyi) öğrencilerin seviye belirlemesi yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Anketteki tüm sorulara doğru cevap verme oranları ve maket üzerindeki tüm temel yaşam desteği uygulamaları, eğitim sonrasında önemli oranda artış göstermiştir. Eğitim öncesinde teorik bilgi (anket) puanları 1.9±1.01’den eğitim sonrasında 9.1±0.75 puana, uygulama bilgi düzeyleri ise; 0.9±1.27’den 8.9±0.97 puana yükseldi ve bu puan artışları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p

Antimicrobial use in animal husbandry has been ascribed to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) gene selection and build-up in treated animals' microbiota. This ends up in the food chain and contributes immensely to drug resistance in the society. Studies on risk factors for antimicrobial resistance in poultry can be useful in providing data and designing appropriate control measures. This study therefore assessed the knowledge and practices affecting AMR in poultry farms in Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria. A semi-structured and pre-tested questionnaire was administered to 44 poultry farmers in the study area. Among the farmers, 90.91% were aware that excessive antimicrobial use contributes to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. More than 70% of the farms lacked basic hygiene and biosecurity facilities/measures. Sixty percent of the farmers buried their dead birds, all (100%) packaged their dung for subsequent land disposal, and 50% dumped expired, unused/used drug packets in the nearest bush. About 65, 100, and 90% of antimicrobial usage were for growth promotion, prophylactic purposes, and therapeutic purposes, respectively. Finally, only 18.18% observed withdrawal periods before disposal of their products. The study found that the farmers used non-therapeutic antimicrobials as a "simple fix" or to compensate for poor management practices. There is need to further educate the farmers on the contributions of their activities to drug resistance in the society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Artuklu Health is the property of Mardin Artuklu University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Legal Medicine / Adli Tıp Bülteni is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Turkish Educational Sciences is the property of Journal of Turkish Educational Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Current Research in Dental Sciences is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Saglik Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Celal Bayar University Health Sciences Institute Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cumhuriyet Dental Journal is the property of Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Dentistry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology / Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of women in the reproductive period about Premenstrual Syndrome. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 228 patients who applied to Karabük Training and Research Hospital Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic between 07.12.2023 and 17.12.2023. In the study, men, women who were not in the reproductive period, pregnant women, foreign nationals and those who did not volunteer to participate in the study were excluded from the study. There was no sample selection in the study and all volunteers were included in the study. In the study, a questionnaire consisting of three parts and 35 questions created by literature review was applied face-to-face. Results: In the study; There was a significant correlation between the presence of chronic disease and dysmenorrhea (p=0.033) and between the presence of chronic disease and regular menstruation (p=0.021). A statistically significant correlation was found between the use of birth control pills and regular menstruation (p=0.019) and between physical complaints and dysmenorrhea during menstruation (p=0.002). With mental complaints experienced during menstruation; A statistically significant correlation was found between dysmenorrhea and regular menstruation (p<0.001, p=0.028, respectively), and between PMS in relatives and dysmenorrhea (p=0.011). When dysmenorrhea and menstrual cycle were evaluated according to sociodemographic data, it was determined that 60.1% of the participants had dysmenorrhea, 77.2% had regular menstruation, 76.3% thought that PMS negatively affected the quality of life, 74.6% found it right to pay attention to nutrition, and 75% thought that physical activity made PMS milder. In the dysmenorrhea and menstrual pattern of individuals; There was no statistically significant difference in terms of educational status (p=0.847; p=0.661, respectively), marital status (p=0.351; p=0.852, respectively), presence of children (p=0.657; p=0.779, respectively), type of delivery in birthing patients (p=0.478; p=0.372, respectively), economic status (p=0.458; p=0.550, respectively), presence of regularly used drugs (p=0.844; p=0.280, respectively), and age of first menstruation (p=0.111; p=0.591, respectively). Conclusion: In the light of the findings obtained in the study, it was determined that women thought that PMS had physical and psychological negative effects. It is thought that the increase in research on PMS will raise awareness in the approach of family physicians working in primary health care institutions to patients presenting with premenstrual syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Muʿtazilite thought, reasoning precedes religion and deserves to be the first of the obligatory duties. For this reason, it is the first duty of man to use the intellect, which is a special gift of Allah. This is because man is a special being who has the ability to remove possible harms from himself through his thinking, to obtain benefits, and to reach the unknown based on the evidence to which his mind is directed. Therefore, by enduring the arduous nature of reasoning, this duty, which is the basis of unity, must be fulfilled. A person can turn to the evil eye and to himself/herself (inner voice) with the fear of not thinking and ignorance and realize that thinking is necessary. He/She has a nature that makes him think, and he is a being under the influence of stimuli that call him to think. In Muʿtazilite thought, the fear of not thinking that prepares the individual for the evil eye before the evil eye is called ḥātır. One of the themes that will be emphasized in this article is that the ḥātır can occur due to many reasons arising from the individual's self and the external environment. In this article, we will try to examine the ontological and epistemological importance of the reasoning and the khawatır for a rational being, the logical relation of both concepts to the fear of ignorance, and the qualities and characteristics of their essence through a descriptive method. In our study, we will not include detailed lexical and terminological analyses of the basic concepts and their historical background. We will focus on the basic parameters that the Mu'tazilites wanted to achieve with both concepts and construct the main theme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kalemname is the property of Kalemname and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Burdur Theology Journal / Burdur İlahiyat Dergisi is the property of Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Universitesi lahiyat Fakultesi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Young Intellectuals / Genç Mütefekkirler Dergisi is the property of Journal of Young Intellectuals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Near East University Islamic Research Center / Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi İslam Tetkikleri Merkezi Dergisi is the property of Journal of Near East University Islamic Research Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Genelde olumsuzlama cihetinden aydınlığın/nurun zıttı olarak kabul edilen karanlık, bu niteliği ile aydınlığın olmadığı bir durumu betimliyor olsa da onun nurun en parlak hâlini ifade ettiğini söylemek de mümkündür. Felsefi literatürde her iki yoruma yönelik teorik yaklaşımlar söz konusudur. İlk yoruma göre, madde ve suretten teşekkül eden hilomorfik ve kompozit yapıdaki karanlık, madde ve kaosla; nur ise form ve düzenle ilişkilendirilir. Nur, aşkın ve tanrısal olana, karanlık da içkin ve maddesel olana karşılık gelir. Ancak apofatik bağlamda Tanrı’nın bilinemezliği hususunda yapılan kimi yorumlarda ise nurun yanı sıra karanlığın da kullanıma sokulduğu, bu kavrama bilinemezliğin izahında mihver ve merkezî bir boyut kazandırıldığı görülmektedir. Bu çerçevede karanlık, tanrısal alanla ilişkili olduğundan sönüklük veya siliklikle değil parlaklıkla nitelenmektedir. Dolayısıyla parlak karanlık, aydınlığı olumsuzlamasının ötesinde olumlamanın zirve noktasını temsil etmekte, hatta aydınlık, aydınlık etme bakımından karanlığın olumsuzu bir konumda bulunmaktadır. Mistik teolojide epistemolojik açıdan tanrısal alanda olduğu gibi şeylerin özlerinin de hakikat çerçevesinde bilinmemesi zulmetin alanını genişletmekte, bir anlamda bütün bir varlık alanı bilinmezlik, dolayısıyla karanlık bir muhteva kazanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda karanlığa göre aydınlık, aydınlığa göre de karanlık olan ziya, nur ile zulmet arasında görmeyi, algılamayı ve akletmeyi mümkün kılan ara-ışık konumunda bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, karanlığı dinsel ve mitolojik metinlerden başlayarak Platon, Aristoteles ve Plotinus gibi antik Yunan, Gregory of Nyssa ve Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite gibi Neoplatonik mistik Hristiyan, Mahmûd Şebüsterî ve Sadreddin Konevî gibi sufi mistiklerin görüşleri çerçevesinde ele almaktadır. Çalışmada ayrıca bilgi ve cehalet kavramları aydınlık ve karanlık kelimeleri kapsamında değerlendirmeye tabi tutulmakta; felsefi görüşler ile mistik teolojik yorumlar arasındaki temel ayrımlara ve gece ile gündüz üzerinden dinsel metaforlara vurgu yapılmaktadır. Çalışmada karanlığın felsefede ve mistik teolojide farklı bağlamlarda ele alındığı; felsefede karanlığın nurun yokluğu, mistik teolojide ise kimi yorumlarda karanlığın nurun yoğunluğu olarak değerlendirildiği görülmektedir.

Copyright of ESTUDAM Public Health Journal is the property of ESTUDAM Public Health Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Islamic Research / İslâmi Araştırmalar Dergisi is the property of Turkey Economical & Cultural Solidarity (TEK-DAV) Foundation and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Academic Research in Nursing (JAREN) is the property of Hemsirelikte Egitim ve Arastirma Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Istanbul Gelisim University Journal of Health Sciences / İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Istanbul Gelisim Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Yuksekokulu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Health Sciences / Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Erciyes Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a severe hereditary neuromuscular disease. As of December 2021, premarital SMA carrier screening program has begun in our country. The aim of this study is to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about premarital SMA carrier screening. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with volunteers of both genders who applied to Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic of a tertiary hospital between June and September 2022, to have the necessary examinations for the marriage report. The sociodemographic and medical characteristics of the participants, their attitudes towards SMA disease and carrier screening, and their knowledge levels were questioned using the Data Collection Form prepared by us. The scores obtained from the answers given to the questions measuring the level of knowledge about the SMA were converted into a 100-point scoring system and the total score was obtained. Significance was evaluated at the p< 0.05 level. Results: This study was conducted with 154 people, whose average age was 28.16±5.54 (min:18-max:54) and 54.5% (n=84) of whom were male. 6.8% (n=72) were university graduates. 87% (n=134) wanted to be screened for SMA carriage. The knowledge level of the participants about SMA was low in 31.2% (n=48) and high in 24.7% (n=38). The SMA knowledge of women was significantly higher than men (p=0.038). Those who had received information about SMA before had a higher level of SMA knowledge than those who did not. (p=0.012). Of those who stated that they had received information before, 55.2% (n=32) received information from social media, 36.2% (n=21) from doctor/health professionals. Conclusion: The majority of participants had a medium-high level of knowledge about SMA and wanted to undergo carrier screening. However, the knowledge of 31.2% was at a low level. The fact that the knowledge of those who receive information about SMA is higher indicates that the knowledge level of health professionals about SMA should be increased, especially in primary care where screening is performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the readability and quality of torticollis-related web content. Methods: The top 3 browsers were determined. The 2 reviewers structured their websites according to type. Each one's quality was determined based on whether or not it conformed to the Health On the Net (HON) code as well as using some scoring tools such as the DISCERN score, Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark, and Global Quality score (GQS). To evaluate readability, the Flesch-Kincaid grade level (FKGL) was applied. Results: Sixty websites were identified. The categories were as follows: 12 (20%) academic, 26 (43.3%) medical, 13 (21.7%) physician, and 9 (15%) commercial. The DISCERN, JAMA, GQS, FKGL, and Torticollis-Specific Content (TSC) scores of the academic category were significantly higher than those of the other categories. Websites with a HON code had considerably higher DISCERN, JAMA, GQS, and TSC scores than those without it (p<0.05). Conclusion: Most material on the websites reviewed in this study was of low quality. Despite the higher quality of academic resources, the material was challenging to comprehend. The current study can aid in the evaluation of information that may be important for preserving equilibrium in patient-doctor relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although darkness, which is generally regarded as the opposite of light (al-nūr, radiance) in terms of negation, describes the absence of light, it is also possible to say that it expresses the brightest form of light. There are theoretical approaches to both interp-retations in the philosophical literature. According to the first interpretation, darkness consisting of matter and form and existing in hylomorphic and composite structure is associated with matter and chaos, and light is associated with form and order. The light corresponds to the transcendent and divine, and darkness corresponds to the immanent and material. However, in some interpretations of God's unknowability in the apophatic context, it is seen that darkness is used as well as light, and this concept is given a pivotal and central dimension in the explanation of unknowability. In this context, darkness is characterized by brightness, not dullness or obscurity, since it is associated with the divine realm. Therefore, bright darkness, beyond negating light, represents the peak of affirmation, and even light is in a position to be the negative of darkness in terms of making light. In mystical theology, the fact that the essences of things are not known within the framework of truth, as in the divine realm, from an epistemological point of view, expands the area of darkness, and in a sense, the entire field of existence acquires an unknown, and, therefore dark content. In this context, ḍiyāʾ (illumination), which is light compared to darkness and darkness compared to light, is in the position of intermediate light, making possible to see, perceive, and reason between light and darkness. This study discusses darkness starting from religious and mythological texts, within the framework of the views of ancient Greeks such as Plato, Aristotle, and Plotinus, Neoplatonic Christian mystics such as Gregory of Nyssa and Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, and sufi mystics such as Maḥmūd Shabistarī and Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī. The study also evaluates the concepts of knowledge and ignorance within the scope of light and darkness, emphasizes on the basic distinctions between philosophical views and mystical theological interpretations and emphasizes on religious metaphors of night and day. In the study, it is seen that darkness is considered with different contexts in philosophy and mystical theology; in philosophy darkness is the absence of light, while in mystical theology some interpretations of darkness are considered as the intensity of light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Medical Clinics / Tıp Fakültesi Klinikleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of Medical Clinics / Tip Fakültesi Klinikleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Studies - Economics, Finance, Politics is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences / Uluslararasi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bu makalede, Yusuf b. Muhammed Cân el-Karabâğî’nin (ö. 1035/1626) varlık (vücûd) ve Zorunlu Varlık’a (Vâcibü’l-Vücûd) ilişkin bazı meseleleri ele aldığı risalesinin tahkik ve tahlilinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada henüz üzerine herhangi bir çalışma yapılmamış olan Karabâğî’nin bu risalesinin tahkiki ve muhteva analizi yapılmak suretiyle risalenin İslam düşünce tarihi literatürüne kazandırılması hedeflenmiştir. Yusuf el-Karabâğî’nin doğum yeri ve eğitimi hakkında biyo-bibliyografik kaynaklarda herhangi bir bilgi yoktur. Tefsir ve kelam alanında eserleri olduğu bilinmektedir. Erbeu‘ Ta’lîkâtin fi’t-Tefsîr, Risâle fi’l-Mübâheseti elletî Vaka‘at fî Sûreti’l-Feth beyne’l-Ulemâ, Hâşiye ‘alâ Şerhi’l-Akāid’l-Adudiyye, Şerhu Risâleti İsbâti’l-vâcib li’d-Devvânî adlı risaleler onun eserlerinden bazılarıdır. Çalışmaya konu olan bu risalenin yazma eser kütüphanelerinde üç nüshası olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu nüshalardan ilki, Selimiye Yazma Eser Kütüphanesi 791 numarada; ikincisi Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi Carullah Efendi Koleksiyonu 1210 numarada ve üçüncüsü de Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi Yazma Bağışlar Koleksiyonu 1960 numarada kayıtlıdır. Zikredilen nüshalardan Selimiye Kütüphanesi 791 numarada kayıtlı nüsha, hem çok açık ve okunabilir olması nedeniyle hem de ferağ kaydında müstensihin istinsah kaydı dikkate alınarak tahkikte asıl olarak tercih edilmiştir. Çünkü müstensih bu nüshayı döneminde mevcut olan, ancak günümüze ulaşmayan diğer nüshalarla mukabele ederek yazmıştır. Müellif, eserin mukaddime kısmında risalenin adını açıkça zikretmez. Risalenin mukaddime kısmında doğru düşünceyi bulmada şifa olacak konuları topladığını ifade etmektedir. Muhtevası incelendiğinde ise risalenin varlık (vücûd) ve özellikle Zorunlu Varlık’a (vâcibü’l-vücûd) ilişkin bazı meseleleri içerdiği anlaşılmaktadır. Müellifin risalede farklı bir yöntem izlediği de görülmektedir. Zira Yusuf el-Karabâğî, risaleyi “halve” şeklinde adlandırdığı yedi bölüme ayırmıştır. Ayrıca her bir bölüme de bazen bir bazen de iki “vakf” adını verdiği alt başlıklar eklemiştir. Her bir bölüme eklediği bu alt başlıklarda incelediği konuda otorite olan bir düşünürün görüşlerine yer vermiştir. Müellif, risâlede burhân-ı tatbîk, burhân-ı tezâyüf, burhân-ı süllemî gibi burhan yöntemlerini, devr, teselsül, vücûd, Vâcibü’l-Vücûd, mümkin, kadîm, hâdis, illet, ma’lûl, tam illet, nûr, zulmet, el-âlemü’l-misâlî, berzah ve cüz-i lâ yetecezzâ (cevher-i ferd) gibi kavramları inceler. Bu çerçevede Karabâğî, kısırdöngü (devr) ve zincirlemenin (teselsül) iptali yoluyla Zorunlu Varlık’ın varlığının kanıtlaması meselesi, Zorunlu Varlık’ın birliği (tevhîd), zât-sıfat ilişkisi, Zorunlu Varlık’ın ilim sıfatı gibi konuları tartışır. Sonuç olarak Yusuf el-Karabâğî, mezkûr risalede İslam düşünce geleneğinin önemli bir meselesi olan varlık (vücûd) ve Zorunlu Varlık ile ilgili bazı tartışmaları ve görüşleri kendine özgü bir yöntemle incelemiştir.

İbn Rüşd epistemolojisinde bilgi, kendisi olması açısından tümeldir ancak bilinen açısından her zaman tekildir. İbn Rüşd makullerin oluşması için kendi cinsinden başka makullere veya aynanın görüntü verebilmesi için parlatılması örneğinde olduğu gibi bir faaliyete, hatta “kumûn” düşüncesine sahip olanların kullandığı anlamda bir kuvveye ihtiyaç olmadığını düşünür. Yine o, cismanî mevcutların cisimlerinden ayrık akledilir sûretlerinin olmadığını zira aksi durumda herkesin her şeyi bilmesi gerekeceğini dile getirir. Farklı mertebe ve dereceleri olmakla birlikte mutlak heyûlânî sûretlerin varlıkları bizzat değişime tâbi olur ve konularının çoğalmasıyla bizzat çoğalırlar. Bilginin temelde duyu, hayal ve akıl olmak üzere üç vasıtası vardır. Hayvanlardaki duyum ve algılama sûretlerinden farklı olarak insan, nesnelerin dış görünüşü yanında onlara has mana ve ayrımları da algılar. Hayvanlarda olduğu gibi insanlarda duyunun işi nefse aracılık etmektir. Duyumsama bir yönüyle soyut ve ruhsal bir eylem iken diğer yönüyle maddî ve somuttur. İbn Rüşd’e göre nefiste bedene bağlı olarak tahayyül gücü oluşur. Her ne kadar duyuma konu olanları idrak etse de hayal gücü duyu gücünden ayrıdır. Bu yüzden duyumun azaldığı uyku gibi durumlarda hayal gücü artar. Hayal gücü duyu algılarını koruduğu gibi onları karşılaştırır, kıyas eder, terkip ve tahlil yapar. Onu akıl gücünden farklılaştıran unsur tek tek nesneler üzerinde işlem yapmasıdır. İbn Rüşd, âlemin hâdis bilgisini Tanrı’nın kadim bilgisine bağlamayı doğru bulmaz. Çünkü bu, âlemin yokluğu ve varlığı durumlarında Tanrı’nın bilgisinde farklılaşma olduğu anlamına gelir. Ayrıca insanın tikellere dair bilgisi malul ve değişken iken Tanrı’nın bilgisi tikellerin varlık nedenidir ve aynı zamanda değişmezdir. Nihayetinde insanın, Tanrı’nın bilgisinin nasıllığını idrak etmesi mümkün görünmemektedir. İbn Rüşd’ün bilginin oluşumu bağlamında, akıl teorisinde öne çıkan şey heyûlânî akıldır. O, her insan bireyinde bulunmakla birlikte çoğalmayan ezelî, soyut ve ilâhî bir cevherdir. İbn Rüşd, heyûlânî ve faal akıl arasında ayrım yapılması gerektiği hususunda Afrodisli İskender ile mutabık iken heyûlânî aklın yok olması noktasında ise ondan ayrılır. O, fiil halindeki aklın ebedi olup olmadığı konusunda Themistius’tan farklı düşünür. İbn Rüşd’e göre akıl ne salt bir istidat ne de ayrık bir cevherdir. Şöyle ki, eğer heyûlânî akıl bilfiil bir şey olsaydı diğer şeyleri idrak edemezdi. Yine akıl mutlak anlamda tek olsaydı herkes aynı şeyleri bilirdi. Keza akıl, mutlak anlamda çok olsaydı akıllar arasında birlik ve irtibat kurulamazdı. Eğer akıl salt kabul edici bir yetenek olsaydı yokluğu algılayamazdı. İbn Rüşd’e göre fail/faal akıl, sûret veren veya felekleri yöneten ayrık bir akıl değil heyûlânî aklın sûreti ve gayesidir. Bu aklın kuvve halindeki kavramları maddelerinden soyutlayarak bilfiil hale getirmek ve bunları kabul etmek şeklinde iki gücü vardır. Hâsılı İbn Rüşd’ün bilginin imkânı ve gerçekliği hakkında cevher merkezli bir felsefe yaptığı ve Aristotelesçi çizgiden taviz vermese de yeni açılımlar yapmak zorunda kaldığı söylenebilir. Buna göre o, paradoksal bir biçimde vazedilen aklın hem bilfiil/soyut hem de bilkuvve/maddî oluşunu, orijinal bir nefis teorisiyle -heyûlânî akılla- açıklamaya çalışır. Bu yüzden o, apriori bilgiler kadar duyu ve hayal gücüne önem verir.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Pharmacy students about self-medication in Turkey. Methods: This cross-sectional online survey study was conducted to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Pharmacy students regarding selfmedication between 22 September and 22 October 2022. Results: The questionnaires were answered by 336 students (76%). Most of the students (79.2%) correctly defined self-medication and 9.5% of students declared that self-medication was a part of self-care. Only 4.2% of students reported that they recommended self-medication to others. Female students had better knowledge and more negative attitudes about self-medication than male students (p<0.05). Approximately 79% of the students stated that they used self-medication in the last 6 months. About half of the participants (54.4%) stated that they had taken painkillers without a prescription in the last 6 months. The students declared that they had used drugs without a prescription for headache (36.3%), common cold (14.8%) and menstrual problems (10.4%) in the last 6 months, respectively. Conclusion: Most of the students had good knowledge about self-medication, but the majority of them had negative attitudes. The study also showed that self-medication was common among these students. Pharmacists make an important contribution to the public health system. Pharmacy students should continue to be educated about responsible self-medication as future pharmacists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Intensive care nurses make a significant contribution to the donation process by providing communication between donor and recipient families. Hence, their knowledge and attitude are important to increase the rate of organ donation. This research aimed to determine the knowledge and attitudes of intensive care nurses about organ donation. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional design. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitudes of intensive care nurses about organ donation. The number of samples was determined according to the nurse layer weight of these hospitals: 311 volunteer intensive care nurses formed the sample. The data were collected using a valid and reliable “Organ Donation Attitude Scale” and “Organ Donation Information Scale”. Results: The mean age of the nurses was 27.28±6.08. The majority of the intensive care nurses included in the study were young, their attitudes towards organ donation were positive, and their knowledge on organ donation was at a good level. Most of the nurses did not have an organ donor card (98.4%). Positive organ donation attitude score in young nurses (p=0.012), male nurses (p=0.049), nurses with low-education level (p=0.002), nurses working in a private university or training/research hospital (p=0.007) and nurses working in neurosurgery, emergency intensive care (p=0.001) was lower. ODI score was higher in nurses with undergraduate and higher education (p=0.001), nurses working at education/research university hospital and state university hospital (p=0.003). There was an inverse correlation between negative and positive attitude about organ donation (p=0.029). Conclusion: Some clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of nurses are important in organ donation attitudes. However, although it is recommended that nurses with a high level of education work in this field to have a high level of knowledge about organ donation, this is not enough. Continuous training of nurses on this subject is required after graduation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Probiotics are natural products with proven benefits in the prevention and treatment of many diseases, with relatively few side effects. The study aimed to assess medical students' knowledge, attitudes and usage habits about probiotics. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study comprised final-year medical students in the academic year 2019-2020. Preliminary information about the study was given to the participants, and their verbal consent was obtained. A questionnaire prepared by the researchers in line with the literature evaluating socio-demographic characteristics, probiotic food consumption and knowledge about probiotics was applied to the participants. Results: The mean age of 229 students (78.4%) who participated in the study was 24.24±1.61 years and 58.1% were female. Of the participants, 92.6% stated that they knew the term 'probiotic', 44.1% indicated that they knew the microorganism content of probiotic foods, and 54.2% did not consume probiotic-containing foods. The most common reasons for taking probiotics were 'digestive benefits' (42.4%) and 'boosting the immune system' (26.6%), while the most common reason for not taking probiotics was 'not needed'. In the study, 51.5% of students said they would recommend probiotic foods to their peers and patients, and the most common reason for recommendation was constipation (73.4%). The participants had a mean probiotic knowledge score of 52.41±8.70 (20-76) points. There was no relationship between male students' (51.34±9.05) and female students' knowledge levels (53.26±8.38) (p=0.101). Conclusion: The level of knowledge about probiotics, the consumption of probiotics and the attitude towards recommending probiotics among the Faculty of Medicine senior students were found to be moderate. Consumption of probiotics by healthy or sick people should be done on the advice of trained physicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was planned as a quasi-experimental to evaluate the effect of first aid training received by nursing students on their knowledge level of triage practices. This quasi-experimental study used a pretest-posttest design. The sample of the research consisted of 53 nursing students. The data was collected between October and December 2019 and the "Student Introduction Form" and "Information Form on the Three-Category Triage System" were used. A pre-test was administered to the students before receiving first aid training, and it was administered again after receiving disaster and first aid training for 6 weeks. The average age of the students was 21.41±1.24 years, 66% were female, and 56.6% of the students stated that they were Anatolian high school graduates. While the first aid and disaster knowledge score of nursing students before the training was 3.81 ± 1.50, this score was 5.39 ± 1.30 after the training. The difference between the students' average triage knowledge scores before and after the first aid course was found to be statistically significant (p=0.001). According to this research, it was determined that the theoretical and practical training given to nursing students during their undergraduate education positively affected the students' first aid and disaster management knowledge levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]