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The establishment of effective medium and long-term rehabilitation strategies is essential to counter the continuous process of deterioration of the water distribution networks. A novel methodology to support pipe rehabilitation planning, including the establishment and scheduling of interventions in the medium and long-term using the graph theory, is developed, and demonstrated using a real case study. This methodology is divided into two main phases: the first is the definition of rehabilitation pipe groups according to the available budget and pipes connectivity and the second is the scheduling of these groups over time according to relevant criteria. This approach allows a clearer correspondence between the financial amounts to be annually invested in rehabilitation and a grouping of single pipes to be rehabilitated. Results demonstrate that the methodology allows a better and advanced planning of interventions when compared with the current traditional approaches applied by water utilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Cubana de Neurología y Neurocirugía is the property of Sociedad Cubana de Neurologia y Neurocirugia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We propose a holographic description of N = 4 super Yang-Mills on the four-dimensional real projective space RP 4. We first construct the dual background in the framework of five-dimensional N = 8 gauged supergravity, and then uplift it to a new one-half BPS solution of type IIB supergravity. A salient feature of our solution is the presence of a bulk naked singularity whose local behavior resembles that of an O1− plane in flat space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a holographic description of N = 4 super Yang-Mills on the four-dimensional real projective space RP 4. We first construct the dual background in the framework of five-dimensional N = 8 gauged supergravity, and then uplift it to a new one-half BPS solution of type IIB supergravity. A salient feature of our solution is the presence of a bulk naked singularity whose local behavior resembles that of an O1− plane in flat space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a set of computational tools specially developed for supporting the operation and management of water distribution systems towards digital transformation of water services. These tools were developed in the scope of two R&D projects carried out in Portugal, DECIdE and WISDom, during 2018–2022. The DECIdE project focused on the development of tools for importing cadastral and operational data, as well as on the three operational tools for supporting the performance assessment: the first allows the calculation of different key performance indicators, both at a global and sectorial level, which is an annual requirement of the water regulator, and the other two allow the calculation of the water and the energy balances and a set of complementary indices. The WISDom project aimed at the implementation of applications that directly address specific water utility needs, namely, the flow rate data processing, the optimal location of pressure sensors, the identification of critical areas in the distribution network for pipe burst location, and the prioritization of pipes for rehabilitation. Implemented tools are useful to support water utilities in the daily operation and management of their systems, being a step forward towards digital transformation of the water sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to detect special nuclear materials and other radioactive materials in Security and Defense scenarios, normally, a combination of neutron and gamma-ray detection systems is used. In particular, to avoid illicit traffic of special nuclear materials and radioactive sources/materials, radiation portal monitors are placed at seaports to inspect shipping-container cargo. Despite their large volume (high efficiency), these detection systems are expensive, and therefore only a fraction of these containers are inspected. In this work, a novel mobile radiation detection system is presented, based on an EJ-200 plastic scintillator for the detection of gamma rays and beta particles, and a neutron detector EJ-426HD plastic scintillator (with 6Li) embedded in a compact and modular moderator. The use of silicon photomultipliers in both detectors presented advantages such as lightweight, compactness, and low power consumption. The developed detection system was integrated in a highly maneuverable multirotor. Monte Carlo simulations were validated by laboratory measurements and field tests were performed using real gamma-ray and neutron sources. The detection and localization within one meter was achieved using a maximum likelihood estimation algorithm for 137Cs sources (4 MBq), as well as the detection of 241Am–beryllium (1.45 GBq) source placed inside the shipping container. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the design of next-generation tuberculosis chemotherapy, insight into bacterial defence against drugs is required. Currently, targeting respiration has attracted strong attention for combatting drug-resistant mycobacteria. Q203 (telacebec), an inhibitor of the cytochrome bcc complex in the mycobacterial respiratory chain, is currently evaluated in phase-2 clinical trials. Q203 has bacteriostatic activity against M. tuberculosis, which can be converted to bactericidal activity by concurrently inhibiting an alternative branch of the mycobacterial respiratory chain, cytochrome bd. In contrast, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium smegmatis, show only very little sensitivity to Q203. In this report, we investigated factors that M. smegmatis employs to adapt to Q203 in the presence or absence of a functional cytochrome bd, especially regarding its terminal oxidases. In the presence of a functional cytochrome bd, M. smegmatis responds to Q203 by increasing the expression of cytochrome bcc as well as of cytochrome bd, whereas a M. smegmatisbd-KO strain adapted to Q203 by increasing the expression of cytochrome bcc. Interestingly, single-cell studies revealed cell-to-cell variability in drug adaptation. We also investigated the role of a putative second cytochrome bd isoform postulated for M. smegmatis. Although this putative isoform showed differential expression in response to Q203 in the M. smegmatisbd-KO strain, it did not display functional features similar to the characterised cytochrome bd variant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Case: A 65-year-old man presented with plantar foot pain associated with a mass in the first webspace. A Morton neuroma was considered the probable diagnosis. Despite nonoperative treatment the pain continued. Surgical excision was performed, and histology was interpreted as a schwannoma. Symptoms resolved after surgery. Conclusion: Schwannoma of the foot is a rare condition, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported in the first webspace. Definitive treatment and diagnosis is surgical excision. Surgeons should consider schwannomas in the differential diagnosis of plantar foot pain because this can be misdiagnosed as a Morton neuroma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Jurídica (0103-3506) is the property of Revista Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Opinião Jurídica is the property of Revista Opiniao Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Opinião Jurídica is the property of Revista Opiniao Juridica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This work describes the one-pot synthesis of furfurylamines from carbohydrates catalyzed by HReO4. These one-pot three-reaction and four-reaction processes allow the conversion of xylose and xylan, respectively, into a large variety of secondary and tertiary amines with good overall yields and chemoselectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work describes the one-pot synthesis of furfurylamines from carbohydrates catalyzed by HReO4. These one-pot three-reaction and four-reaction processes allow the conversion of xylose and xylan, respectively, into a large variety of secondary and tertiary amines with good overall yields and chemoselectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The rise of the mosquitoes‐transmitted diseases, like dengue, zika and chikungunya in Brazil in the last years has increased concerns on protection against mosquitoes bites. However, the prohibitive prices of the commercially available repellents for the majority of the Brazilian population has provoked a search for cheaper solutions, like the use of the homemade ethanolic extract of Indian clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) as repellent, which has been reported as quite efficient by the local press. In order to verify this, we performed here the quantification of the main components of this extract through high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography (HPTLC)–densitometry and evaluated its efficiency as a repellent and its acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition capacity. Our results have proved HPTLC–densitometry as an efficient and appropriate method for this quantification and confirmed the repellency activity, as well as its capacity of AChE inhibition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva is the property of CEPESC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The author reflects on the developmental probabilities for European universities and colleges that furnishes Internet teaching opportunities. The topics discussed include the extent on which the said institutions address the developmental needs of non-governmental and governmental agencies and international agencies and the investments made by the said European associations in skills training and education.

Predation is a major force shaping natural history traits of birds because of their vulnerability during nesting and higher visibility during diurnal activities. For most birds in the Neotropics, predation is the major cause of nest failure due to the region's high diversity and abundance of predators. The blue-black grassquit ( Volatinia jacarina ), similarly to other small passerines in the savanna region of central Brazil, suffers extremely high rates of nest predation. Additionally, males may be particularly vulnerable to predators since they are very conspicuous when executing courtship displays. We assessed some of the non-lethal costs of predation risk on this species by comparing physiological and morphological parameters of birds exposed to predator vocalizations with that of control subjects exposed to non-predator vocalizations. Birds exposed to the predator vocalizations exhibited an immune-related reaction (changes in their H / L ratio), but no changes were observed in other biological parameters measured. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Neotropical Behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: claim substantiation; colour cosmetic; sebumetry; sunscreen EN claim substantiation colour cosmetic sebumetry sunscreen 464 465 2 05/20/21 20210501 NES 210501 INTRODUCTION Multifunctional cosmetic products are increasingly popular among time-poor consumers, with new preparations addressing multiple needs (eg for sunscreen, primer, moisturiser, skin treatment, concealer and foundation) in one product.1 Whereas sun protection factor (SPF) products are oily by nature, other cosmetic ingredients can reduce oiliness. New formulations should be evaluated for their effect on skin oiliness, as excess oiliness can affect the skin's cosmetic appearance. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Most water distribution networks were built a few decades ago, showing symptoms of deterioration. Additionally, current renewal rates are insufficient to overcome pipe networks' continuous ageing process. The development of methodologies for assisting the definition of pipe rehabilitation, including which pipes, and when and what financial amounts to allocate to this activity, are of the utmost importance. These methodologies typically have to attend to several points of view, for which multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques may be used. The current paper demonstrates and discusses the application of two MCDA techniques—the ELECTRE TRI-C and FlowSort—to a real water distribution network. Both techniques allowed assigning every single pipe to a predefined priority category, although the ELECTRE TRI-C proved to be more effective. These approaches imply that the planning of investment needs is carried out based on individual pipes, but these approaches are not consistent with the actual rehabilitation projects. A clustering technique called affinity propagation, together with cost functions, were applied to define and quantify homogeneous rehabilitation units. Even so, the methodology did not prove to be rigorous enough for the selection of pipes to be rehabilitated. On the other hand, it proved effective to estimate annual budgets for rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação is the property of Fundacao UNI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clinica Integrada is the property of Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clinica Integrada Journal (Brazil) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this study was to better understand the interactive impact of two soil-borne pathogens, Phytophthora cactorum and Armillaria gallica, on seedlings of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) subjected to stress caused by mechanical defoliation, simulating primary insect feeding. This is the first experimental confirmation of silver birch seedling root damage (and in consequence shoot mortality) caused by the additive effect of defoliation stress and P. cactorum inoculation via soil. However, the most severe damage to roots occurred after A. gallica inoculation. One year after treatments, chlorophyll fluorescence measurement, and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to analyze the photosynthetic activity in leaves, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by the birch leaves, and chemical compounds from the roots. The cumulative effect of the two pathogens and partial defoliation reduced photosynthetic activity, suggesting dysfunction of photosystem PSII due to the applied stresses. In summary, it seems that the main differences in photosynthetic performance could be attributed to Armillaria infection. The birch leaves in seedlings exposed to 50% defoliation, and inoculation with P.cactorum and A. gallica, emitted more aromatic carbonyls and alcohols, as well as half as much aliphatic esters, compared to controls. In infected birch roots, the production of phenols, triterpenes, and fatty alcohols increased, but fatty acids decreased. Higher levels of aromatic carbonyls and alcohols in leaves, as well as phenolic compounds in the roots of stressed birches (compared to control) suggest an activation of plant systemic acquired resistance (SAR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]