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O crescimento pós-traumático (CPT) refere-se à mudança positiva em algum aspecto da experiência humana como resultado do enfrentamento de situações adversas. O presente trabalho investigou se as evidências de validade externa do Inventário de Crescimento PósTraumático (PTGI) são mais consistentes quando se compara os resultados de um subgrupo que pontuou alto na Escala de Centralidade de Eventos (ECE) com os de um subgrupo que pontuou baixo. A ECE avalia em que medida o evento de referência contribuiu na formação da identidade dos indivíduos. Participaram do estudo 317 indivíduos que passaram por situações adversas variadas. As correlações entre CPT e suporte social, sentido de vida, satisfação com a vida, religiosidade e desajuste psicológico apresentaram maior magnitude e coerência no subgrupo pontuou alto na ECE. Os resultados fortalecem a concepção de que apenas eventos que levam a uma reavaliação das crenças centrais dos indivíduos devem ser incluídos nos estudos de CPT

The formation of an electric double‐layer (EDL) is an important phenomenon for many research areas, including energy storage technology. Although EDL is well‐known in electrochemistry, most of the studies involve the characterization of liquid electrolyte/electrode interfaces, and only a limited number of studies in solid‐solid contacts, such as solid electrolyte/electrode interface are available. This paper employed electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to systematically investigate the influence of experimental factors in the interfacial capacitance arising from the electrode polarization in a lithium disilicate glass/gold electrode interface. It analyzed the influence of a.c. input voltage amplitude, samples' roughness (mechanical and chemomechanical polishing) and thickness, range of applied frequency and temperature, and the number of impedance cycles. In short, it was found that an input voltage range of 15–60 mV is indicated to minimize potential electrochemical processes during electrode polarization, where the data is reproducible from the second measurement cycle onward. Smoother surfaces closely approximated ideal electrode spike behavior, with surface treatment exhibiting influence on interfacial capacitance values. Moreover, as expected, we observed an increase in relative permittivity values with increasing thickness, accompanied by decreased capacitance values. Finally, by employing optimal experimental conditions and analyzing the inflection frequency (finflection${{f}_{inflection}}$) of the ε′$\varepsilon ^{\prime}$ versus log(f$f$) curve, we determined that the ratio between effective charge carriers (ne${{n}_e}$) and the total number of charge carriers (nt${{n}_t}$) nent$\frac{{{{n}_e}}}{{{{n}_t}}}$ falls within the range of 5–12% between 130°C and 280°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction/Aims: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may be familial or sporadic, and twin studies have revealed that even sporadic forms have a significant genetic component. Variants in 55 nuclear genes have been associated with ALS and although mitochondrial dysfunction is observed in ALS, variants in mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) have not yet been tested for association with ALS. The aim of this study was to determine whether mitogenome variants are associated with ALS. Methods: We conducted a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) in mitogenomes of 1965 ALS patients and 2547 controls. Results: We identified 51 mitogenome variants with p values <10−7, of which 13 had odds ratios (ORs) >1, in genes RNR1, ND1, CO1, CO3, ND5, ND6, and CYB, while 38 variants had OR <1 in genes RNR1, RNA2, ND1, ND2, CO2, ATP8, ATP6, CO3, ND3, ND4, ND5, ND6, and CYB. The frequencies of haplogroups H, U, and L, the most frequent in our ALS data set, were the same in different onset sites (bulbar, limb, spinal, and axial). Also, intra‐haplogroup GWAS revealed unique ALS‐associated variants in haplogroups L and U. Discussion: Our study shows that mitogenome single nucleotide variants (SNVs) are associated with ALS and suggests that these SNVs could be included in routine genetic testing for ALS and that mitochondrial replacement therapy has the potential to serve as a basis for ALS treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decision Trees (DTs) stand out as a prevalent choice among supervised Machine Learning algorithms. These algorithms form binary structures, effectively dividing data into smaller segments based on distinct rules. Consequently, DTs serve as a learning mechanism to identify optimal rules for the separation and classification of all elements within a dataset. Due to their resemblance to rule-based decisions, DTs are easy to interpret. Additionally, their minimal need for data pre-processing and versatility in handling various data types make DTs highly practical and user-friendly across diverse domains. Nevertheless, when confronted with extensive datasets or ensembles involving multiple trees, such as Random Forests, its analysis can become challenging. To facilitate the examination and validation of these models, we have developed a visual tool that incorporates a range of visualisations providing both an overview and detailed insights into a set of DTs. Our tool is designed to offer diverse perspectives on the same data, enabling a deeper understanding of the decision-making process. This article outlines our design approach, introduces various visualisation models, and details the iterative validation process. We validate our methodology through a telecommunications use case, specifically employing the visual tool to decipher how a DT-based model determines the optimal communication channel (i.e. phone call, email, SMS) for a telecommunication operator to use when contacting a client. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Twisted bilayer graphene is created by slightly rotating the two crystal networks in bilayer graphene with respect to each other. For small twist angles, the material undergoes a self-organized lattice reconstruction, leading to the formation of a periodically repeated domain.sup.1-3. The resulting superlattice modulates the vibrational.sup.3,4 and electronic.sup.5,6 structures within the material, leading to changes in the behaviour of electron-phonon coupling.sup.7,8 and to the observation of strong correlations and superconductivity.sup.9. However, accessing these modulations and understanding the related effects are challenging, because the modulations are too small for experimental techniques to accurately resolve the relevant energy levels and too large for theoretical models to properly describe the localized effects. Here we report hyperspectral optical images, generated by a nano-Raman spectroscope.sup.10, of the crystal superlattice in reconstructed (low-angle) twisted bilayer graphene. Observations of the crystallographic structure with visible light are made possible by the nano-Raman technique, which reveals the localization of lattice dynamics, with the presence of strain solitons and topological points.sup.1 causing detectable spectral variations. The results are rationalized by an atomistic model that enables evaluation of the local density of the electronic and vibrational states of the superlattice. This evaluation highlights the relevance of solitons and topological points for the vibrational and electronic properties of the structures, particularly for small twist angles. Our results are an important step towards understanding phonon-related effects at atomic and nanometric scales, such as Jahn-Teller effects.sup.11 and electronic Cooper pairing.sup.12-14, and may help to improve device characterization.sup.15 in the context of the rapidly developing field of twistronics.sup.16. Nano-Raman spectroscopy reveals localization of some vibrational modes in reconstructed twisted bilayer graphene and provides qualitative insights into how electron-phonon coupling affects the vibrational and electronic properties of the material., Author(s): Andreij C. Gadelha [sup.1] , Douglas A. A. Ohlberg [sup.1] , Cassiano Rabelo [sup.2] , Eliel G. S. Neto [sup.3] , Thiago L. Vasconcelos [sup.4] , João L. Campos [...]