Search

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to test the mechanism of visionary leadership on subordinates' work withdrawal behavior through cognitive strain and psychological contract violation, and also to reveal the possible dark side of visionary leadership. The moderation effects of subordinates' facades of conformity and leader behavioral integrity in the cognition–affect dual-path process are also discussed. Design/methodology/approach: This study conducted a three-wave longitudinal survey. The data were collected from 574 employees and their superiors in several Chinese enterprises. The authors used Mplus 7.4 and adopted a bootstrapping technique in the data analysis. Findings: Visionary leadership has positive effects on cognitive strain and psychological contract violation; cognitive strain and psychological contract violation mediate the relationship between visionary leadership and work withdrawal behavior, respectively. Subordinates' facades of conformity and leader behavioral integrity moderate the positive effects of visionary leadership on cognitive strain and psychological contract violation, as well as the indirect effect of visionary leadership on subordinates' work withdrawal behavior through cognitive strain and psychological contract violation. Originality/value: This study reveals the underlying mechanism of visionary leadership's negative impact on job outcome through the cognition and affective reaction of subordinates to visionary leadership, and broadens the scope of visionary leadership research. It also provides some practical suggestions on how to transmit the organizational vision effectively and reduce subordinates' work withdrawal behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cloud shadow information technology (SIT) usage is a deviant behavior among employees evidenced in the initiation and completion of official tasks using unauthorized cloud information technologies (IT), thereby leading to financial and non-financial losses such as data breaches and information system (IS) compromises. The increased dependence on cloud IS motivated by the coronavirus-19 lockdown has caused a surge in SIT usage. The need for remote work has increased the usage of cloud office-assisted tools, teleconferencing tools, cloud storage systems, and several cloud-based means of completing office tasks. Structural imbalances in official cloud IS structures have therefore, caused increased SIT usage. This study extended the strain theory by inculcating two structural factors (work pressure and work overload). Five hypotheses were postulated based on the model, which was empirically tested using quantitative research techniques. A survey method of data collection was employed, and questionnaires were distributed to employees in Nigeria. SPSS was used for demographic analysis, and structural equation modeling was completed using SmartPLS. Results showed that work overload and work pressure each directly influence employee cognitive strain. While work overload and cognitive strain significantly impact employee cloud SIT usage, work pressure is insignificant. This study will assist organizations in restructuring IT systems that will reduce exhaustion and discourage their usage of the authorized cloud IT system. This will assist organization IS in reducing losses such as high job turnover and loss of customer information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Poland, as in most countries, interpreting (similarly to translation) is a free profession (apart from sworn translation and interpreting rendered by certified translators and interpreters) which does not adhere to any particular prescriptive code or officially accepted regulations. Efforts have been made both internationally and domestically to introduce a set of universal principles or a professional working framework on commercial and scholar grounds (various codes of conduct drafted by organisations worldwide) to standardise techniques and approaches to interpreting with the aim of establishing a set of practices to ensure high quality interpreting. Regardless of the prescriptive nature of such codes or guidelines and the work of scholars, one of the matters that is of essence and still seems open for discussion is the choice of the grammatical person in which interpreters render and relay interpreted messages to their clients. This article presents a short description of what community interpreting is, its place within the interpreting domain, and it focuses on the aspect of direct/indirect address (using first or third grammatical person, respectively, while interpreting), its emotional and cognitive strain which the interpreters experience, and related lexical and grammatical choices they consequently make. The purpose of the article is the identification of possible reasons of such choices on the basis of feedback received from professionally active interpreters (both as full-time and part-time interpreters) in diverse settings: business, community, remote interpreting. The study reveals that the choice of grammatical person depends on many factors, such as cognitive and emotional strain, personal preference, context, client, and, in most cases, it is not dictated by any code of conduct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of Ablai Khan KazUIRandWL: Series 'Philological sciences' is the property of Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations & World Languages and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article covers the transfer to emergency remote teaching and learning in Simultaneous Interpreting (SI) during the Covid-19 pandemic and the lockdown in early 2020. The study aims to establish some approaches as to how the emergency move to online training was conducted, what we can learn from this experience and what were the main challenges. The article presents and analyses the findings of the survey of teaching staff and students in seven universities in Europe and Australia. Twelve interviews were conducted remotely with selected members of teaching staff and students. The study confirms that universities were able to complete their modules in Simultaneous Interpreting by making arrangements for a smooth transfer to remote training in synchronous and asynchronous modes. The transfer and emergency remote teaching and learning mostly depended on the prior experience of teaching teams in delivering online workshops and webinars and their close engagement with students. The role of course or module leader has been outlined as key to providing leadership during the transfer to emergency arrangements during lockdown. One of the conclusions of this study addresses the need for teaching remote interpreting within university Interpreting or Translation and Interpreting courses in view of the current situation with the Covid-19 pandemic and possible new requirements in the future.

Abstract Background Cognitively straining conditions such as disruptions, interruptions, and information overload are related to impaired task performance and diminished well-being at work. It is therefore essential that we reduce their harmful consequences to individual employees and organizations. Our intervention study implements practices for managing the cognitive strain typical to office work tasks and working conditions in offices. We will examine the effects of a cognitive ergonomics intervention on working conditions, workflow, well-being, and productivity. Methods/design The study is a stratified cluster randomized trial. The clusters are work units, for example, teams or offices. The four participating organizations entered a total of 36 clusters, and we invited all 1169 knowledge employees of these units to participate. We randomly allocated the clusters into an intervention group (cognitive ergonomics) or an active control group (recovery supporting). We invited an additional 471 participants to join a passive control group only for baseline and follow-up measurements, with no intervention. The study consists of a baseline survey and interviews and observations at the workplace, followed by an intervention. It starts with a workshop defining the specific actions for the intervention implementation stage, during which we send task reminder questionnaires to all employees to support behaviour change at the individual and team levels. The primary outcome measure is perceived frequency of cognitive strain from working conditions; the secondary outcome measures include subjective cognitive load, well-being, workflow/productivity, and cognitive stress symptoms. Process evaluation uses the quantitative and qualitative data obtained during the implementation and evaluation phases. The baseline measurements, intervention phase, and end-of-treatment measurements are now complete, and follow-up will continue until November 2019. Discussion There is a need to expand the research of cognitive strain, which poses a considerable risk to work performance and employee well-being in cognitively demanding tasks. Our study will provide new information about factors that contribute to such strain. Most importantly, the results will show which evidence-based cognitive ergonomic practices support work performance in knowledge work, and the project will provide concrete examples of how to improve at work. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03573674. Registered 29 June 2018.

The article covers the transfer to emergency remote teaching and learning in Simultaneous Interpreting (SI) during the Covid-19 pandemic and the lockdown in early 2020. The study aims to establish some approaches as to how the emergency move to online training was conducted, what we can learn from this experience and what were the main challenges. The article presents and analyses the findings of the survey of teaching staff and students in seven universities in Europe and Australia. Twelve interviews were conducted remotely with selected members of teaching staff and students. The study confirms that universities were able to complete their modules in Simultaneous Interpreting by making arrangements for a smooth transfer to remote training in synchronous and asynchronous modes. The transfer and emergency remote teaching and learning mostly depended on the prior experience of teaching teams in delivering online workshops and webinars and their close engagement with students. The role of course or module leader has been outlined as key to providing leadership during the transfer to emergency arrangements during lockdown. One of the conclusions of this study addresses the need for teaching remote interpreting within university Interpreting or Translation and Interpreting courses in view of the current situation with the Covid-19 pandemic and possible new requirements in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital cameras and mobile phones have given people around the world the ability to take a large number of photos and store them on their computers. As these images serve the purpose of storing memories and bringing them to mind in the potentially far future, it is important to also store the impressions a user may have from them. Annotating these images can be a laborious process and the work here presents an application design and functioning implementation, which is openly available now, to ease the effort of this task. It also draws inspiration from interface developments of previous applications such as the Nokia Lifeblog and the Facebook user interface. A different mode of sentiment entry is provided where users interact with slider widgets rather than select a emoticon from a set to offer a more fine grained value. Special attention is made to avoid cognitive strain by avoiding nested tool selections.

In online surveys, the control of respondents is almost absent: for this reason, the use of screener questions or "screeners" has been suggested to evaluate respondent attention. Screeners ask respondents to follow a certain number of instructions described in a text that contains a varying amount of misleading information. Previous work focused on ad-hoc experimental designs composed of a few questions, generally administered to small samples. Using an experiment inserted into an Italian National Election Study survey (N=3,000), we show that short screeners – namely, questions with a reduced amount of misleading information – should be preferred to longer screeners in evaluating the attentiveness of respondents. We also show there is no effect of screener questions in activating respondent attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humans tend to make decisions using moods, associations, and other behavioral short-cuts. This research looks at how environments can influence decisions. Specifically, how to create conditions that trigger rational decision-making using theories explained by Daniel Kahneman in "Thinking Fast and Slow. " This experiment used two rooms designed to affect participants 'moods and a survey to test the effects ofthe environment on people's tendencies to fall into the biases and heuristics as described by Kahneman. Half of the participants answered a questionnaire that assessed their ability to think rationally in a relaxed environment and the other half answered the questionnaire in a stressful environment. Statistical tests yielded counterintuitive results. The stressful room generated more rational responses than the relaxed room for specific types of questions. The evidence is supported by Kahneman's cognitive ease and cognitive strain theories which assert that stressful environments encourage vigilant attitudes with a tendency to doubt intuitive answers and produce rational answers. Relaxed environments create a tendency to trust instincts and trigger creative answers, but also result in logical mistakes. Conclusions indicate that relaxed environments are better for generating intuitive or creative decisions and stressful environments are better for producing rational decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital cameras and mobile phones have given people around the world the ability to take a large number of photos and store them on their computers. As these images serve the purpose of storing memories and bringing them to mind in the potentially far future, it is important to also store the impressions a user may have from them. Annotating these images can be a laborious process and the work here presents an application design and functioning implementation, which is openly available now, to ease the effort of this task. It also draws inspiration from interface developments of previous applications such as the Nokia Lifeblog and the Facebook user interface. A different mode of sentiment entry is provided where users interact with slider widgets rather than select a emoticon from a set to offer a more fine grained value. Special attention is made to avoid cognitive strain by avoiding nested tool selections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]