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Objective To explore the advantages of artificial intelligence-assisted compressed sensing （ACS） combined with three types of fat-suppressed T2WI techniques in image quality， scanning time and scheme selection. Methods In 30 patients with low back pain who underwent conventional lumbar magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） plain scan， ACS combined with 5 groups of sagittal （SAG） fat-suppressed T2WI sequences were added to original examination sequence. Frequency-selective fat saturation （FS）， water-fat separation （WFI） and short tau inversion recovery （STIR） techniques were employed. ACS-SAG-T2WI-FS （group A， n=30）， Acs-SAG-T2WI-WFI （group B， n=30）， ACS-SAG-STIR （group C n=30）， SAG-T2WI-FS （group D， n=30）， SAG-T2WI-WFI （group E， n=30） and SAG-STIR sequences （group F， n=30） were employed. Objective evaluation indicators of signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） and contrast-to-noise ratio （CNR） and subjective evaluation by two radiologists were carried out to assess the effect. Results The SNR and CNR of the fourth vertebra， the fourth and fifth intervertebral discs and the same spinal cord in group A were higher than those in group D. The SNR and CNR of the fourth vertebra， the fourth and fifth intervertebral discs， and the same spinal cord in group B were higher than those in group E. The SNR and CNR of the fourth vertebra， the fourth and fifth intervertebral discs， and the same spinal cord in group C were higher compared with those in group F （all P < 0.01）. The imaging time in group A was shortened by 13.2% compared with that in group D. The imaging time in group B was reduced by 8.9% compared with that in group E. The imaging time in group C was reduced by 12.4% compared with that in group F （all P < 0.01）. The subjective scores by two radiologists for groups A， B and C were significantly higher than those in groups D， E and F （all P < 0.01；The scores of the two physicians were consistent， Kappa=0.972， P 2WI techniques （FS， WFI and STIR） is superior to use of fat-suppressed T2WI techniques alone. ACS-SAG-T2WI-FS sequence is recommended with the shortest imaging time and the highest image quality. ACS-SAG-T2WI-WFI sequence provides multiple groups of phase images， and the time advantage difference is the second choice. ACS-SAG-STIR sequence has the most stable fat-suppression capability， which can be used as the last option.

To figure out gas enrichment laws in Permian volcanic rocks, Sichuan Basin, an association among reservoir-forming elements was explored to analyze forming modes and point out exploration prospects in accordance with reservoir characteristics, gas source conditions, and fault elongation in Zhougongshan and Jianyang areas. Results show that there mostly exist porous volcaniclastic rock and lava reservoirs of explosive facies. In Jianyang with Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation as the principal source rock, early faults offered pathways to assemble ample initial oil and gas. Following an increase of burial depth, oil started cracking vastly to create oil-cracked gas. These elements constitute one reservoir-forming mode of Cambrian hydrocarbon supply–fault transporting–in-situ cracking in Jianyang. While in Zhougongshan with Lower Permian Maokou 1 Member as the main source, active faults during hydrocarbon generation and expulsion acted on trap preservation. Late kerogen-cracked gas gathered at structural highs far from giant faults. Thus, the other mode exhibited in Zhougongshan is Permian hydrocarbon supply–fault adjustment–effective trap accumulation. Reservoir-forming conditions in volcanic rocks present certain disparity among all kinds of tectonic settings inside the basin, giving rise to various volcanic gas reservoirs developed. The Permian volcanic rocks are expected to be a major domain for reserve and production increase in Sichuan Basin.

This paper reviewed the clinical data of 1 patient with multiple sites of venous thrombosis after bidirectional Glenn shunt, analyzed the potential causes of multiple sites of venous thrombosis, and discussed related nursing and preventive measures. (本文回顾1例复杂紫绀型先天性心脏病患者行双向Glenn术后多部位血栓形成的临床资料, 对其原因进行总结和分析, 并探讨相应的预防措施。)

Background: Breast cancer is a metabolically heterogeneous disease, and although the concept of heterogeneous cancer metabolism is known, its precise role in human breast cancer is yet to be fully elucidated. Methods: We investigated in an explorative approach a cohort of 42 primary mamma carcinoma patients with positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MR) prior to surgery, followed by histopathology and molecular diagnosis. From a subset of patients, which showed high metabolic heterogeneity based on tracer uptake and pathology classification, tumour centre and periphery specimen tissue samples were further investigated by a targeted breast cancer gene expression panel and quantitative metabolomics by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. All data were analysed in a combinatory approach. Results: [18F]FDG (2‐deoxy‐2‐[fluorine‐18]fluoro‐d‐glucose) tracer uptake confirmed dominance of glucose metabolism in the breast tumour centre, with lower levels in the periphery. Additionally, we observed differences in lipid and proliferation related genes between luminal A and B subtypes in the centre and periphery. Tumour periphery showed elevated acetate levels and enrichment in lipid metabolic pathways genes especially in luminal B. Furthermore, serine was increased in the periphery and higher expression of thymidylate synthase (TYMS) indicated one‐carbon metabolism increased in tumour periphery. The overall metabolic activity based on [18F]FDG uptake of luminal B subtype was higher than that of luminal A and the difference between the periphery and centre increased with tumour grade. Conclusion: Our analysis indicates variations in metabolism among different breast cancer subtypes and sampling locations which details the heterogeneity of the breast tumours. Correlation analysis of [18F]FDG tracer uptake, transcriptome and tumour metabolites like acetate and serine facilitate the search for new candidates for metabolic tracers and permit distinguishing luminal A and B. This knowledge may help to differentiate subtypes preclinically or to provide patients guide for neoadjuvant therapy and optimised surgical protocols based on individual tumour metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dianchi Lake and Yilong Lake, two prominent plateau lakes in Yunnan Province, China, have suffered from Microcystis and Cylindrospermopsis blooms for decades. While cyanobacteria harvest boats utilizing cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) flocculation and screen filtration have been proven effective for harvesting Microcystis biomass in Dianchi Lake, they struggle against Cylindrospermopsis blooms in Yilong Lake. This study systematically compared the removal of Microcystis and Cylindrospermopsis blooms using flocculation–filtration treatment, aiming to identify key factors influencing flocculation and propose enhancements to improve treatment efficiency for Cylindrospermopsis blooms. The reduction of turbidity, OD680, biovolume and phytoplankton density all revealed significantly better treatment efficiency for Microcystis blooms compared to Cylindrospermopsis blooms. In Dianchi Lake, 1 mg/L CPAM achieved a 95% turbidity reduction, while in Yilong Lake, even with 4.0 mg/L CPAM, the removal efficiency remained below 90%. Post-treatment, Dianchi Lake's water quality showed substantial improvements, including over 50% reductions in total nitrogen, total phosphorus, permanganate index, and chemical oxygen demand. Conversely, nutrient level reductions were limited in Yilong Lake's treated water. The average molecular weight of dissolved organic matters (DOM) in Yilong Lake was notably smaller than in Dianchi Lake. The treatment selectively removed high molecular weight, microbial-sourced, and protein-like DOM components, leading to a decrease in average molecular weight and an increase in humification index (HIX) in both lakes. Excessive humic matters in the water of Yilong Lake was found to hamper algae flocculation significantly. Introducing additional acidic polysaccharides or oxidants emerged as potential strategies to enhance Yilong Lake's treatment efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background A previous validation study showed a very low sensitivity and higher specificity associated with Hanifin and Rajka criteria (H&R) and the UK Working Party criteria (UKWP) in diagnosing AD vs. the Chinese criteria of atopic dermatitis (AD) for children (CCAD). However, their diagnostic efficacy in adult and elderly Chinese populations remains unknown. Objectives To validate the diagnostic efficacy of three sets of AD criteria in adult and elderly Chinese populations in a hospital setting. Methods A total of 1034 patients (aged 19–95 years) from five university hospital dermatological clinics were recruited. Medical history, dermatological examination, AD diagnosis and evaluation of AD severity were done by dermatologists. Each patient was investigated by two dermatologist panels, one to establish a clinical diagnosis, and the other to identify and record the major or minor signs of H&R criteria, UKWP criteria and CCAD. Taking clinical diagnosis as the reference, the diagnostic efficacy of three sets of diagnostic criteria was evaluated. The χ2 test or rank sum test were used for between-groups comparisons. Results CCAD had a higher sensitivity (84.0%), especially among mild and moderate cases of AD (72.7% and 90.3%, respectively), than the H&R (58.0%; P < 0.001) and UKWP criteria (56.0%; P < 0.001) in diagnosing AD. The specificity of CCAD (92.7%) was slightly lower than the H&R (97.3%; P < 0.001) or UKWP criteria (97.4%; P < 0.001). The CCAD had the highest Youden index (0.77), accuracy rate (0.90) and Kappa value (0.76) of the three sets of diagnostic criteria. Conclusions Consistent with results in a population of Chinese children, although the H&R and UKWP criteria had a high specificity for diagnosing AD, their low sensitivity limited their use in adult and elderly Chinese patients. Based on the high sensitivity and favourable diagnostic efficacy, the CCAD is proposed for AD diagnosis in adult and elderly Chinese populations, especially for cases of mild and moderate AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the geochemical charactesistics, origin and geological significance of solid bitumen in Tianjingshan Paleo-uplift in Northwest Sichuan, 20 outcrop bitumen samples of Cambrian, Devonian and Permian in this area were collected, and the experimental analysis of solid bitumen group Composition, biomarkers and carbon isotope were carried out. Combined with tectonic evolution history, the dynamic evolution formation mechanism of bitumen in the study area was established. The results show that the solid bitumen in Tianjingshan Paleo-uplift was formed by the serious biodegradation of the paleo reservoir. The Cambrian and Devonian bitumen sourced from the source rock of the Qiongzhuri Formation, and the Permian bitumen sourced from the mixture of the Qiongzhuri Formation and the Permian source rocks. The outcrop bitumen of multilayer system proves that the Tianjingshan Paleo uplift experienced a large area of paleo-oil accumulation, and the favorable exploration target of paleo-oil reservoir in this block is the wing with good bitumen sealing and preservation conditions. This study provides guidance for the next exploration and development of Tianjingshan Structure in Northwest Sichuan, and also provides reference for the study of bitumen formation and oil and gas evolution in similar areas with complex tectonic evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]