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El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la relación entre la desafiliación escolar, los factores familiares y el riesgo de abandono escolar de los estudiantes de una escuela normal en México. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo no experimental, transversal, utilizando un método de muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia con alumnos de segundo, cuarto y sexto semestre de la licenciatura en Enseñanza y Aprendizaje de las Matemáticas de la Escuela Normal Pública del Estado de Hidalgo. Se aplicaron en total 89 encuestas de escala Likert. El cuestionario se basó en variables escolares y familiares. Se realizó un análisis bivariado, utilizando la correlación de Pearson para evaluar la dependencia de las variables. El estudio sugiere que los factores relacionados con la escuela pueden potencialmente disminuir el riesgo de abandono escolar.

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Introduction: Disaffiliating from an ultra-Orthodox society is complex and challenging. The process includes dealing with culture shock, traumatic experiences, education gaps, and disconnection from familiar surroundings. Thus, ex-ultra-Orthodox individuals (ex-ULTOIs) may face loneliness, lack of belongingness, and loss of meaning, which may relate to high psychological distress such as depression and suicide ideation. In the present study, we sought to shed light on the distress of ex-ULTOIs in Israel and to understand the disaffiliation-related characteristics that may relate to their distress levels. Method: The sample comprised 755 participants, aged 19–54, who left their ultra-Orthodox Jewish lifestyle and communities. Participants completed self-report questionnaires tapping depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, suicide ideation and behaviour, as well as demographics and disaffiliation-related characteristics. Results: Nearly half of the sample (N = 332, 45.9%) reported symptom intensity meeting the current criteria for major depressive disorder. Moreover, 46.7% reported symptoms meeting PTSD criteria, and 34.5% reported having suicidal ideations in the past year. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that the intensity of past negative life events, the nature of motives for disaffiliation, and the longer duration of the disaffiliation process contributed to the severity of distress. Conclusions: The study's findings reveal that ex-ULTOIs suffer from high mental pain levels, particularly depression, PTSD, and suicidal risk. Importantly, experiencing disaffiliation as traumatic and longer durations of the process may facilitate greater mental pain and distress symptoms. These findings emphasize that ex-ULTOIs must be continually assessed, especially when their disaffiliation processes are experienced as traumatic. Ex-ultra-Orthodox Jews reported relatively high levels of depression, posttraumatic symptoms, and suicidal risk. Half of the sample met the criteria for major depressive disorder and PTSD, and more than a third reported suicide ideation in the past year. The intensity of negative life events in the past and a shorter duration of the disaffiliation process contributed to higher severity of mental pain among ex-ultra-Orthodox individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Religião e Sociedade is the property of Instituto de Estudos da Religiao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: the aim of this paper is to test a sociology of welfare; that is, two analytical tools are argued to gain an understanding of the sociological content of welfare: 1) the identification of the forms of social precariousness existing in Mexico; 2) the idea of the continuum of inequality of violence and its visibility. Methodology: in defending their theory, the authors use analytical and qualitative sociology as a methodological perspective, where classical concepts of sociology function as reflexive tools to promote the elaboration of a qualitative, critical and normative thinking around the forms of precariousness and their opposite, welfare. Results: presented in two sections: 1) The emergence of violence as a structure for the precariousness of life, a section that reflects on the increase in the forms of violence and their importance when addressing the issue of well-being; 2) Analysis of the forms of social precariousness, which proposes a matrix of the main forms of precariousness that actually exist in Mexico, where the elements of the continuum of inequality of violence are identified. Conclusions: it is proposed that a qualitative sociological knowledge of social precariousness and violence, of the forms and dynamics of social action is necessary to understand the substantive meaning of welfare; useful knowledge to guide public actions in favor of welfare in democratic societies, especially to test innovation in the design of social policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In individual terms, unemployment situations cause both a destructuring of daily life practices and a loss of resources and socioeconomic conditions that were previously taken for granted. This is a vulnerable situation that results simultaneously in forms of disaffiliation and social disqualification, with consequences in the rise of poverty and social inequality. Unemployed people live the present in a state of constant uncertainty that makes it hard to construct coherent prospects for the future. Basing itself on a sociological problematisation of social time, this article seeks to operationalise a set of categories and temporal profiles that are derived from unemployment situations and to identify different variants of a lived temporality which the authors call forced downtime. The investigation is the product of an analysis of 46 in-depth interviews of relatively older unemployed persons who live in Portugal and possess low or intermediate levels of schooling. Content analysis shows that there are different ways in which interviewees experience distinct temporal dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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El presente artículo busca reflexionar en torno a las subjetivaciones de la precariedad laboral. El contexto neoliberal que ha propiciado la flexibilidad, junto con anular los derechos sociales, ha fomentado la incertidumbre en la ciudadanía mundial. Las formas de integración por medio del trabajo ya no tienen cabida en el presente, por el contrario la creciente individuación ha modificado las formas de entender los vínculos sociales, donde las relaciones a corto plazo han ganado terreno. Si bien un sector de la población se ha adaptado (por pragmatismo o resignación) a estas nuevas formas de vida, existe un malestar creciente en la ciudadanía que no observa mejoras en su calidad de vida y que, por el contrario, sólo ve en aumento la inseguridad social. Esta desafección puede repercutir en la percepción en torno a la democracia, permitiendo su cuestionamiento como modo satisfactorio de organizar la vida en sociedad

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la vulnerabilidad laboral de las personas mayores de cuarenta años de edad, su comportamiento dentro de la desocupación respecto al conjunto de la población económicamente activa (PEA). El propósito es abrir la reflexión y el debate de procesos asociados a la desocupación, en las personas de mayor edad, como la discriminación, la desafiliación y la exclusión social, que repercuten negativamente en sus condiciones materiales de vida y en sus nexos familiares, de amistad y de convivencia social. La metodología se basa en la vertiente cuantitativa, se contrastan las condiciones de la desocupación laboral, en las personas mayores de cuarenta años, entre la frontera norte de México y el país, en las fases de ascenso y descenso del ciclo económico. Entre los resultados destacan que la desocupación en la frontera presenta diferencias respecto al país, el grupo más vulnerable son los trabajadores de entre 40- 59 años, pues enfrentan más problemas para conservar el empleo o encontrar uno nuevo, son quienes padecen principalmente la discriminación, la desafiliación y la exclusión social en la frontera. En las limitaciones destaca la falta de evidencia empírica y las escasas investigaciones que profundicen, en estos procesos, con enfoques sociales. En las conclusiones sobresale la importancia de analizar y comprender el desempleo como un problema complejo, de vulnerabilidad laboral con metodologías interdisciplinarias.

Copyright of Sociología del Trabajo is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this article is to analyze the labor vulnerability of people over forty years of age, their behavior in unemployment compared to all the economically active population. The purpose is to open reflection and debate on processes associated with unemployment in older people, such as discrimination, disaffiliation and social exclusion, which impact negatively in their material conditions of existence and their family ties, friendship and social coexistence. The methodology is based on the quantitative aspect, putting in contrast the conditions of unemployment, in people over forty years, between the northern border of Mexico and the country, in the phases of ascent and descent of the economic cycle. Results indicate that unemployment in the border presents differences with respect to the country, the most vulnerable group are workers aged 40-59 years, as they face more problems in maintaining a job or finding a new one and are mainly those that suffer discrimination, disaffiliation and social exclusion at the border. In the limitations, stand out the lack of empirical evidence and the limited research that deepen, in these processes, with social approaches. In the conclusions, what highlights is the importance of analyzing and understanding unemployment as a complex problem, of labor vulnerability with interdisciplinary methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a case study based on the reconstitution of the life history of a homeless adult person in São Paulo City. Ethnographic research and life history were the strategies in a 12-month long data collecting. Analysis tried to reveal, in the process of identity construction, singularities able to re-signify and confer historicity to homeless experience. To discuss Pedro’s path, religiosity analysis is a crucial element for re-assessing his homelessness history. Allied to other nets, religiosity showed different possibilities of constructing interdependence nets, thus characterizing re-signifying and sense reconstructing movements, and eluding disaffiliation processes so frequent in the case of people that experience rupture conducting to homelessness. In those processes, the socially negative identity linked to homelessness can be dislodged and widened, acquiring more elucidative delineations and dynamics. Nonetheless, there is always the need and the challenge of constructing collective alternatives to precarious homelessness experience.

Copyright of Politica y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sociología del Trabajo is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyzes the concepts of vulnerability and social disaffiliation in the work of Robert Castel. The aim is to show how these concepts are derived from the discussion this French sociologist takes up both with the micro-sociology of Erving Goffman and the genealogical sociology of Michel Foucault. The author explores how this discussion centers on the examination of the modern individual from two standpoints: the institutional supports that make the construction of individuality possible and how these supports have been configured down through history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]