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The MAST-U Super-X divertor provides the opportunity to study fusion plasma exhaust under novel conditions. However, in order to study these conditions, advanced diagnostics are required. Following the development of the MAST-U Multi-Wavelength Imaging (MWI) diagnostic, we present the installation of a multi-delay coherence imaging spectroscopy (CIS) system within the MAST-U MWI, along with modifications made to the MWI for effective operation. This diagnostic will measure either carbon ion flow velocities and temperatures or electron densities through Dγ emission. We have extended previously developed techniques for wavelength calibration to account for errors due to the misalignment of interferometer components. In addition, we have developed a comprehensive calibration procedure to account for the temperature dependence of the instrument's delays by fitting to a linearly modified version of the delay equation presented by Veiras et al. [Appl. Opt. 49(15), 2769 (2010)]. Together, these procedures reduce the cost and hardware complexity of implementing CIS instruments when compared to those that use in situ or tunable laser calibration systems, as calibrations can be generated to good accuracy using previously measured data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A neutered female cat presented with a 9‐day history of hyporexia and depression. The referring veterinarian had identified moderate non‐regenerative anaemia, haematuria and suspected unilateral obstructive ureterolithiasis. Subsequent ultrasonography revealed moderate distension of the left renal pelvis with echogenic material, ureteral distension and ureterolithiasis. A partial ureteral obstruction was suspected. After 4 days of medical management, there was further distension of the renal pelvis with well‐delineated echogenic material and an accumulation of perinephric fluid. A left nephroureterectomy was performed. Renal pelvic rupture with intrapelvic haematoma and retroperitoneal haemorrhage was confirmed by histopathology. Eighteen months following surgery, the cat remained clinically well with normal renal values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives To report short-term complications and long-term outcomes of thoracoscopic pericardial window for management of pericardial effusion in dogs. Methods Retrospective study of dogs in which thoracoscopic pericardial window was performed using a three-cannula technique. Surgery time, complications, postoperative management, area of resected pericardium, histopathology results and outcome were evaluated. Results Diagnoses included dogs with idiopathic pericardial effusion (n = 10), cardiac mass (n = 4) and mesothelioma (n = 1). One case required conversion to sternotomy. Median thoracoscopic surgery time was 52 · 5 (range, 45-80) minutes. Complications occurred in four (26%) cases. Median time to discharge was one (range, 1-6) day. Of dogs with idiopathic pericardial effusion, one is alive at 150 days, one was lost to follow-up at 180 days while eight were euthanased of which five were for unrelated reasons. All dogs with neoplastic causes died or were euthanased because of their illness. Median survival time for dogs with idiopathic pericardial effusion (635 days; range, 70-1165) was significantly longer than that for dogs with neoplasia (30 days; range, 1-107). Clinical Significance Thoracoscopic pericardial window is of low morbidity with short surgery and hospitalisation times. It provides good long-term control of idiopathic pericardial effusion but short-term palliation of clinical signs in dogs with neoplastic disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An eight-year-old male Staffordshire bull terrier was presented with a bleeding mass in the urethral mucosa 1.5 cm distal to the ischial arch. After cytological findings suggestive of a squamous cell carcinoma and confirmation of the mass with urethroscopy, total penile amputation followed by transpelvic urethrostomy using an ischial symphyseal ostectomy was performed. The procedure successfully produced a tension-free anastomosis of the urethra to the skin in the scrotal position and no major complications were observed in the postoperative period. Histologically, the lesion was reported as a ruptured vascular structure with thrombosis and repair tissue. Seven months after surgery the dog is free of clinical signs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A lateral tibial head buttress plate designed for human beings was used to repair a highly comminuted tibial fracture in a two-year-old male labrador retriever caused by a gunshot wound. The plate was placed in a bridging fashion to provide minimal disruption of the fracture site and minimise surgical time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To document the histories, clinical findings, and management of seven puppies with laryngeal collapse occurring secondarily to brachycephalic airway syndrome. Methods: Seven brachycephalic puppies aged between 4·5 and six months underwent surgery for management of brachycephalic airway syndrome following presentation for exercise intolerance and increased respiratory noise and effort. Results: Stenotic nares of varying severity and an elongated soft palate were common to all dogs. All dogs had tracheal hypoplasia and this was severe in four dogs. Laryngeal collapse was present in all dogs. Two dogs had stage I, four dogs stage II, and one dog stage III laryngeal collapse. The dog with stage III laryngeal collapse and one dog with stage II laryngeal collapse died. There was no apparent association between the changes evident on thoracic radiographs or the degree of tracheal hypoplasia and postoperative outcome. Clinical Significance: The development of severe secondary laryngeal changes in dogs aged six months or less supports the suggestion that immature brachycephalic dogs should undergo assessment and, if indicated, surgery as soon as any clinical signs of BAS are apparent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are 2 glucosyltransferases (GTF) produced by Streptococcus sobrinus C211, One enzyme, GTF-S, produces a water-soluble glucan that is a-1, 6-linked, with short, a-1, 3 branches, and the other enzyme, GTF-I, produces a water-insoluble glucan that is a-1, 3-linked with a-1, 6 branches. Hydrogen peroxide was found not only to be a potent inhibitor of GTF activity, but also a stimulator of GTF activity when employed are relatively low concentrations. At 0.88 M, H2O2 completely inhibited insoluble glucan synthesis, whereas at a 0.29 M concentration, H2O2 enhanced synthesis of the same glucan. Soluble glucan synthesis was also inhibited by H2O2 at 1.47 M. Low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide with GTF-S, however, caused the enzyme to convert from soluble glucan production to insoluble glucan production. 13C-Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of glucans produced by peroxide-treated GTF confirmed that the production of a-1, 3 linked glucans was increased with H2O2-treated GTF-S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]