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Esophageal lung is a rare entity that results from embryological alterations during the formation of the ventral wall of the anterior intestine. The clinical manifestations of this pathology are vague, including respiratory or digestive symptoms, repetitive respiratory infections, dysphagia, or inability to swallow. The management is based on the exact anatomical and vascular abnormalities. We report the diagnostic and therapeutic approach in a preterm boy with esophageal lung. Also, we present a three-dimensional model for the classification of this pathology. In conclusion, the management relies on proper definition of the anatomy and the surgical strategy.

Advanced oxidation processes such as TiO2/UV heterogeneous photocatalysis are suitable treatment methods for wastewater with high pollutant loads such as landfill leachates. Optimizing the variables that influence the process is a fundamental aspect. However, in this regard, experimental conditions are limited in terms of resources and time, which is why modeling allows obtaining a general understanding of the phenomenon from a set of experimental data. This work sought to model the photocatalytic process via multivariate polynomial regression, considering variables such as the catalyst concentration, the pH level, and the accumulated energy concerning the percentage of degradation in terms of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The implemented fitting method resulted in a third-degree polynomial with an R2 of 0,8652, concluding that the model and its conclusions are valid. Moreover, with greater degrees, the model curve overfitted, even with better R2. DOC abatement showed a negative correlation with pH and the catalyst dose, while an opposite trend was observed for the accumulated energy. The model predictions allow inferring that, at low catalyst doses and medium and high pH levels, it is possible to find maximum degradations at low cumulative energies.

Objective: To describe the infant and children population with foreign body in airway or digestive tract, and their diagnosis and treatment. Materials and methods: A descriptive, retrospective clinical record review was done, including all pediatric patients attended by foreign body ingestion history; all were treated in Pediatric Surgery Service, Hospital Universitario Erasmo Meoz, Cúcuta (Colombia), from January 2000 to December 2007. Results: 158 foreign body ingestion cases were detected; 70.9% were presented in male. In 97.5% a foreign body were found, 72.8% in digestive tract, 23.4% in airway, and 3.2% in mouth. The place most frequently affected were upper esophagus and right bronchus. Most saw foreign bodies were coins; 93.7% patients develop symptoms such as sialorrhea and vomiting. Neck, chest, and abdominal X-ray were diagnoses methods used, for treatment an extraction of foreign bodies, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, was performed in 54.7% of the patients; bronchoscopy or laringoscopy and extraction with MacGill forceps according to each case were also performed. Conclusions: Foreign body ingestion in children is a very often event; it bind to have the knowledge about the opportune diagnose, treatment and prevention. We should recognize the symptoms arise to proceed quickly with the extraction to avoid increase of morbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El presente aporte teórico responde a una investigación realizada, en la zona de frontera, específicamente sobre la línea imaginaria entre la localidad de Puerto Santander-Departamento Norte de Santander de Colombia y Boca del Grita-Estado Táchira en Venezuela. La investigación se enfocó en el objetivo general que dice: analizar la incidencia de la lectura en el contexto social fronterizo en los estudiantes de educación básica, una visión crítica y constructiva a partir de la zona de desarrollo próximo de Lev Vygotsky, desarrollada en los estudiantes de grado quinto de educación básica primaria de la sede educativa N.º 3 Escuela Urbana Integrada Puerto Santander – Norte de Santander – Colombia. La investigación se llevó a cabo bajo un enfoque cualitativo apoyado en el paradigma interpretativo, a través del método fenomenológico. Los resultados que se muestran se enmarcan en algunas debilidades encontradas en los informantes claves en relación con el hábito de lectura y comprensión lectora. Lo cual condujo a concluir que, a través de la lectura en el contexto fronterizo, desde una mirada crítica a través de la zona de desarrollo próximo de Lev Vygotsky se puede lograr cambios significativos en los estudiantes en función de la convivencia, el desenvolvimiento y el resguardo de los derechos humanos, lo cual conduce a repensar los modelos de enseñanza en educación básica primaria en función de la calidad de los procesos y de una pedagogía exitosa