Search

Your search keyword '"Eric Chaumillon"' showing total 16 results
Start Over Author "Eric Chaumillon" Search Limiters Peer Reviewed
16 results on '"Eric Chaumillon"'

1. A Review of Event Deposits in Lake Sediments

Author

Pierre Sabatier, Jasper Moernaut, Sebastien Bertrand, Maarten Van Daele, Katrina Kremer, Eric Chaumillon, and Fabien Arnaud

Subjects
event deposits, lake sediments, trigger processes, turbidites, homogenite, proxies, Human evolution, GN281-289, Stratigraphy, QE640-699
Abstract

Event deposits in lake sediments provide invaluable chronicles of geodynamic and climatic natural hazards on multi-millennial timescales. Sediment archives are particularly useful for reconstructing high-impact, low-frequency events, which are rarely observed in instrumental or historical data. However, attributing a trigger mechanism to event deposits observed in lake sediments can be particularly challenging as different types of events can produce deposits with very similar lithological characteristics, such as turbidites. In this review paper, we summarize the state of the art on event deposits in paleolimnology. We start by describing the sedimentary facies typical of floods, glacial lake outburst floods, avalanches, hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and spontaneous delta collapses. We then describe the most indicative methods that can be applied at the scale of lake basins (geophysical survey, multiple coring) and on sediment cores (sedimentology, inorganic and organic geochemistry, biotic approach). Finally, we provide recommendations on how to obtain accurate chronologies on sediment cores containing event deposits, and ultimately date the events. Accurately identifying and dating event deposits has the potential to improve hazard assessments, particularly in terms of the return periods, recurrence patterns, and maximum magnitudes, which is one of the main geological challenges for sustainable worldwide development.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Mesures et modélisations des évolutions du niveau marin, des vagues, des tempêtes et des évolutions des littoraux pour une gestion durable des littoraux

Author

Eric Chaumillon, Guy Wöppelmann, Mikhail Karpytchev, and Xavier Bertin

Subjects
estuary, Sea level, storm, coastal dynamic, waves, lagoons, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

This paper is a synthesis of some results obtained by our research team and showing recent advances in measurements and numerical modeling of sea level variations, wave climate, storm surges and their consequences on the morphology and stratigraphy of sedimentary coasts. Sea level measurements, obtained from satellite altimeters and tide gauges, are complementary. They allow to estimate the global mean sea level rise (+1,7 mm per year for the last century) and local relative sea level rise which can deviate from the mean value (+10 mm per year in some areas of the Gulf of Mexico). Long-term (60 years) wave climate variability is investigated by means of numerical modeling. Linear trend analysis over the studied period shows a significant increase of winter-mean wave height (up to 0.7 m in 60 years) at northern latitude (north of 45° north). Such long-term changes must be taken into account for coastline evolutions. Storm surges are major forcing events for coastal marine inundations and erosions. Numerical modeling allows understanding the physical processes responsible for those local and rapid sea level elevations. Storm surges modeling on the Charente-Maritime coast has allowed to quantify the respective contributions of coupling between wind, waves and bottom friction. Storm surge modeling improvement is in progress by using accurate topographic data and parallel numerical simulations. For long-term periods (centuries to millennia) morphological evolutions and high sedimentation rate of sedimentary coasts can be used to reconstitute past environment changes. Coastal sediments record sea level variations, climate changes (in terms of wave climate and river discharges) and human activities. An example of sediment record of the wave climate for the last decades and centuries is given by the Arçay sand spit. Comparison between stratigraphic records of modern estuaries and lagoons in France, allow unraveling the controlling factors of their evolutions. Sea level variations, hydrodynamic parameters (wave and tides) and morphology of the bedrock (in the case of sediment-starved coasts) are the main controlling parameters of estuaries and lagoons. When Sea level variations are moderate, evolutions of estuaries and lagoons area controlled by climate changes and humans activities for the most recent periods.

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. The sediment‐fill of Pago Pago Bay (Tutuila Island, American Samoa): New insights on the sediment record of past tsunamis

Author

Eric Chaumillon, Thierry Corrège, Catherine Chagué, Brieuc Riou, Jean-Luc Schneider, LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Sydney] (BEES), and University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Stratigraphy, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Aggradation, [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, tectonic activity cycles, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Subduction, Bedrock, Sediment, Geology, Last Glacial Maximum, Core to seismic correlation, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Sedimentary rock, tsunami, shallow marine tsunami deposits, sediment bay-fill, Bay
Abstract

International audience; Extensive bathymetric and two-dimensional seismic surveys have been carried out and cores collected in Pago Pago Bay (Tutuila, American Samoa) in order to describe and gain a better understanding of the sediment fill of the bay, which was affected by the 2009 South Pacific Tsunami. Eight sedimentary units were identified over the volcanic bedrock. The basal transgressive unit displays retrograding onlaps towards the shore, whereas the overlying seven aggradational layers alternate between four draping units and three pinching out seaward units. 'Core to seismic' correlation reveals that draping units are composed of homogeneous silts, while pinching out units are dominated by very coarse coral fragments showing fresh cuts, mixed with Halimeda plates. The basal unit is attributed to transgressive sedimentation in response to flooding of the bay after the last glacial maximum, followed by the upper aggrada-tional units corresponding to highstand sedimentation. The changeovers in these upper units indicate an alternation between low-energy silt units and high-energy coral debris units interpreted as tsunami-induced deposits. The 14 C dating reveals that high-energy sedimentation units can last up to approximately 2000 years while low-energy sedimentation units can last up to approximately 1000 years. This alternation, deposited during the last high-stand, may be explained by cycles of tectonic activity and quiescence of the Tonga Trench subduction, which is the main source of tsunamigenic earthquakes impacting the Samoan archipelago. In the uppermost silt unit, only the geochemical signature of the terrestrial input of the 2009 SPT backwash deposits was detected between 7 cm and 9 cm depth. Hence, Pago Pago Bay offers a unique sediment record of Holocene bay-fill under the impact of past tsunamis intermittently during the last 7000 years.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Comparison of estuarine sediment record with modelled rates of sediment supply from a western European catchment since 1500

Author

Clément Poirier, Cyril Poitevin, Eric Chaumillon, Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), and Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Rainfall, Land cover, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Drainage basin, Climate change, Marennes-Oléron Bay, Earth and Planetary Sciences(all), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Deforestation, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Hydrology, Gironde Estuary, geography, Global and Planetary Change, geography.geographical_feature_category, Land use, Sediment, 15. Life on land, Denudation, Gironde, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Period (geology), Little Ice Age, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Geology
Abstract

International audience; Marine and estuarine sediment records reporting impacts of historical land use changes exist worldwide, but they are rarely supported by direct quantified evidence of changes in denudation rates on the related catchments. Here we implement a spatially-resolved RUSLE soil erosion model on the 10 000 km2 Charente catchment (France), supplied with realistic scenarios of land-cover and climate changes since 1500, and compare the results to a 14C-dated estuarine sediment record. Despite approximations, the model correctly predicts present-day Charente river sediment load. Back-cast modelling suggests that the Charente catchment is an interesting case where the sediment supply did not change despite increase in soil erosion resulting from 18th-century deforestation because it was mitigated by drier climate during the same period. Silt-sand alternations evidenced in the sediment record were correlated with sub-decadal rainfall variability.

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. A modeling-based analysis of the flooding associated with Xynthia, central Bay of Biscay

Author

Jean François Breilh, Aron Roland, Xavier Bertin, Yinglong J. Zhang, Kai Li, Eric Chaumillon, LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Laboratory for Civil Engineering [Lisboa] (LNEC), National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (LNEC), BGS IT&E GmbH, and Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)

Subjects
Dike, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Infragravity wave, 0207 environmental engineering, Storm surge, Ocean Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 020701 environmental engineering, Coastal flood, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Flooding (psychology), Storm, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Coastal management, Bay, Geology
Abstract

International audience; Storm-induced coastal flooding is among the most destructive natural disasters, as seen recently in the Bay of Bengal, the Gulf of Mexico and the Philippines. This study presents a high resolution hindcast of the flooding associated with Xynthia, a mid-latitude storm that severely hit the central part of the Bay of Biscay in February 2010. A 2DH fully coupled modeling system is applied to the NorthEast Atlantic Ocean, with a resolution locally reaching a few meters along the coastline of the study area. Such a fine resolution was required to adequately represent the dikes and the barriers that usually prevent the area from flooding, but results in a N1,700,000 element unstructured grid. The comparison with the available data reveals that waves and water levels are reproduced with normalized errors of the order of 10% and 5%, respectively. The extension of the flooding is also well reproduced, although with some underestimations along the coastline and overestimation in the inner part of large marshes. These limitations are explained by a lack of spatial resolution locally and the absence of several processes in the model such as infragravity waves and wave runup. The comparison between our baseline simulation and a simulation where the flooding is disabled by increasing the dike height reveals differences in maximum water levels locally reaching 1.0 m. This result is of key importance for coastal management strategies and also questions classical engineering approaches relying on one-way nesting.

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Controls on Shoreline Changes at Pluri-annual to Secular Timescale in Mixed-energy Rocky and Sedimentary Estuarine Systems

Author

Victoria Cange, Julia Gaudefroy, Theodor Merle, Eric Chaumillon, Xavier Bertin, Cécilia Pignon, Centre littoral de géophysique (CLDG), Institut du Littoral et de l'Environnement-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), and Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Shore, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, 010505 oceanography, Estuary, Storm, Inlet, 01 natural sciences, Coastal erosion, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Erosion, Spatial variability, Sedimentary rock, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

Chaumillon, E.; Cange, V.; Gaudefroy, J.; Mercle, T.; Bertin, X., and Pignon, C., 2019. Controls on shoreline changes at pluri-annual to secular timescale in mixed-energy rocky and sedimen...

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Coastal Change in Tropical Overseas and Temperate Metropolitan France Inferred from a National Monitoring Network: A Summary from the Current Special Issue

Author

Eric Chaumillon, Bruno Castelle, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), and Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Storm wave, Climate change, 01 natural sciences, rocky coast, Temperate climate, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, 14. Life underwater, Natural variability, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS: Coastal evolution, Ecology, 010505 oceanography, business.industry, Environmental resource management, drivers, Metropolitan France, Current (stream), monitoring, 13. Climate action, sandy coast, Mainland, business
Abstract

International audience; This paper provides an overview of the papers published in this Special Issue « Coastal Evolution under Climate Change along the Tropical Overseas and Temperate Metropolitan France » of Journal of Coastal Research. This special issue reflects the large diversity of mainland and tropical French coast and highlights the complex, site-and timescale-specific, combination of factors driving coastal evolution. Many contributions reveal a strong climate control on storm wave activity and, in turn, coastal response. In some contributions, the inherited geology and anthropogenic factors clearly appear affect coastal change. This special issue emphasises the need to monitor the coast combining different means to improve our understanding and predicting capacities of the natural variability of coastal response in a changing climate.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Can molluscan assemblages give insights into Holocene environmental changes other than sea level rise? A case study from a macrotidal bay (Marennes–Oléron, France)

Author

Pierre-Guy Sauriau, Jonathan Allard, Clément Poirier, Eric Chaumillon, LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), and Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Rare species, Palaeoenvironment, Atlantic Coast, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Unconformity, Common species, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Paleontology, Estuary, 15. Life on land, Sediment core, Death assemblage, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, Indicator species, Macrofauna, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Bay, Geology
Abstract

International audience; During the Late Holocene, the rate of sea level rise decreased and climate changes, hydrodynamic processes or anthropogenic impacts became predominant parameters governing the sedimentary infill of estuarine environments. The aim of this study is to describe the response of past benthic mollusc communities to these forcing factors. Mollusc skeletal remains were sampled from three 8000, 5500 and 2600 year-long sedimentary records in the Marennes–Oléron Bay (Atlantic Coast, France), where environmental changes have previously been identified thanks to a combination of very high resolution seismic profiles and sedimentological data. Molluscan assemblages successfully record environmental changes, even at the smallest temporal scale. They provide relevant information regarding bathymetry, salinity, hydrodynamics, oxygen content and sediment supply. In the 8000 year-long record, the transition from an upper to a lower intertidal mudflat community provides evidence of a transgressive phase that occurred between 8000 and 7600 years BP. In the 5500 year-long record, an oyster bank developed on the slopes of a tidal channel has been recovered. The composition of the fossil community and the careful examination of skeletal remains suggest that the channel was hydraulically inefficient, in response to the sediment infilling of its drainage area. In the 2600 year-long record, a soft-bottom, shallow-water, subtidal mollusc community, similar to that found nowadays in the Marennes–Oléron Bay, has been recovered from both lower mixed sand-mud and upper muddy units separated by a major regional unconformity dated to about 1000 years BP. This sharp transition is recorded by a few rare species, and was responsible for the local extinction of the bivalve Lepton squamosum. However, the abundance of the most common species and the quantity of fragmented shells remain stable, which may indicate that mud drape deposition was related to an increase in mud supply rather than a decrease in water energy. The level of detail of the palaeoenvironmental reconstructions varies, depending on the ecological requirements of the species. Stenotypic indicator species provide accurate, quantitative information, whereas eurytypic species add undesired variability to the assemblages. Since fossil molluscs are easy to collect and to identify and provide long-term, smoothed records of environment variations, this study suggests that they can be used prior to any other biological proxy, as a first step into reconstructions of Holocene coastal environments.

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Archaeal Methane Cycling Communities Associated with Gassy Subsurface Sediments of Marennes-Oléron Bay (France)

Author

Carine Chaduteau, Eric Chaumillon, Pierre Richard, Marie-Anne Cambon Bonavita, Erwan Roussel, Anne-Laure Sauvadet, Jonathan Allard, Laboratoire de microbiologie des environnements extrêmophiles (LM2E), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Unité de recherche Géosciences Marines (Ifremer) (GM), and Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)

Subjects
Biogeochemical cycle, Biology, Microbiology, Methane, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, 16S rRNA, 030304 developmental biology, General Environmental Science, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, methane, Sediment, mcrA, 15. Life on land, Sedimentation, biology.organism_classification, Archaea, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Oceanography, sediment, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, McrA, Cycling, Bay
Abstract

En libre-accès sur Archimer : http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6165.pdf; International audience; In Marennes-Oleacuteron Bay, a macro-tidal bay located on the French Atlantic coast, kilometer-scale acoustic turbidity reveals an accumulation of free gas in the sediment. Large concentrations of organic matter and rapid sedimentation rates provide ideal settings for biogenic methane cycling. We integrate seismic, sedimentologic, biogeochemical and molecular genetic approaches to determine whether microbial methane cycling is involved in this process. Here we show that the acoustic turbidity upper boundary matched with X-ray facies displaying fissures with the highest methane concentrations, demonstrating the existence of methane bubbles in the sediment. 16S rRNA and mcrA gene clone libraries were dominated by sequences affiliated to the three known ANME lineages and to putative methanogens. Sequences related to the marine benthic group B (MBG-B) and miscellaneous crenarchaeotal group (MCG) were also detected. However, the highest methane concentration facies was the only section where active Archaea were detected, using reverse-transcribed rRNA, indicating that these communities were involved either directly or indirectly in the methane cycling process. Moreover, three metabolically active novel uncultivated lineages, related to putative methane cycling Archaea, could be specifically associated to these methane bearing sediments. As methane cycling Archaea are commonly retrieved from deep subseafloor and methane seep sediment, the study of coastal gassy sediments, could therefore help to define the biogeochemical habitats of deep biosphere communities.

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Incised-valley morphologies and sedimentary-fills within the inner shelf of the Bay of Biscay (France): A synthesis

Author

Eric Chaumillon, Nicolas Weber, David Menier, and Jean-Noël Proust

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Lithology, Bedrock, Aquatic Science, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Coring, Deposition (geology), Paleontology, Tectonics, Sedimentary rock, 14. Life underwater, Geomorphology, Sediment transport, Bay, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

This study is a first synthesis focused on incised-valleys located within the inner shelf of the Bay of Biscay. It is based on previously published results obtained during recent seismic surveys and coring campaigns. The morphology of the valleys appears to be strongly controlled by tectonics and lithology. The Pleistocene sedimentary cover of the shelf is very thin and discontinuous with a maximum thickness ranging between 30 and 40 m in incised-valley fills. Thus the incised bedrock morphology plays a key-role by controlling hydrodynamics and related sediment transport and deposition that explains some variations of those incised-valley fills with respect to the previously published general models.

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Enregistrement de la dernière remontée du niveau marin dans l'architecture interne d'une vallée incisée : le pertuis Breton (Charente-Maritime)

Author

Nicolas Weber, Michel Tesson, Eric Chaumillon, EPSHOM. Section Géodésie-Géophysique - Bureau des Ouvrages et des Produits (EPSHOM), Université de Brest (UBO), Centre littoral de géophysique (CLDG), Institut du Littoral et de l'Environnement-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Laboratoire de Biophysique et Dynamique des Systèmes Intégrés (BDSI), and Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)

Subjects
Global and Planetary Change, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, 14. Life underwater, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Resume De nouvelles donnees de sismique tres haute resolution et de vibro-carottages acquises dans le pertuis Breton (littoral vendeo-charentais) permettent de mettre en evidence une organisation originale de remplissage de vallee incisee. Le comblement consiste principalement en cinq prismes progradants superposes, constitues par des sables marins. Ces prismes montrent des depocentres retrogradants et sont caracterises a leur toit par une discontinuite plane qui se prolonge par une plate-forme sous-marine. Ce dispositif est tres similaire aux prismes retrogradants transgressifs des marges continentales et suggere que l'essentiel du remplissage du pertuis Breton soit transgressif et probablement controle par la derniere remontee eustatique. Pour citer cet article : N. Weber et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).

Published
2004
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Sediments of Lake Vens (SW European Alps, France) record large-magnitude earthquake events

Author

Yann Rolland, Olivier Magand, Elodie Brisset, Fabien Arnaud, Christian Crouzet, Jade Petersen, Bruno Wilhelm, Eric Chaumillon, Marie Revel, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 6526), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-PRES Université de Grenoble-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMR 7266 (LIENSs), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Seiche, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Sorting (sediment), Geochemistry, Aquatic Science, High altitude, Paleo-earthquakes, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, Sedimentology, SW European Alps, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Geomorphology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 550 Earth sciences & geology, Earth-Surface Processes, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, biology, Terrigenous sediment, Sediment, biology.organism_classification, Lake sediments, Diatom, 13. Climate action, Homogenites, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Sedimentary rock, Geology, Chronology
Abstract

International audience; We studied sediment cores from Lake Vens (2,327 m asl), in the Tine'e Valley of the SW Alps, to test the paleoseismic archive potential of the lake sediments in this particularly earthquake-sensitive area. The historical earthquake catalogue shows that moderate to strong earthquakes, with intensities of IX-X, have impacted the Southern Alps during the last millennium. Sedimentological (X-ray images, grain size distribution) and geochemical (major elements and organic matter) analyses show that Lake Vens sediments consist of a terrigenous, silty material (minerals and organic matter) sourced from the watershed and diatom frustules. A combination of X-ray images, grain-size distribution, major elements and magnetic properties shows the presence of six homogenite-type deposits interbedded in the sedimentary background. These sedimentological features are ascribed to sediment reworking and grain sorting caused by earthquake-generated seiches. The presence of microfaults that cross-cut the sediment supports the hypothesis of seismic deposits in this system. A preliminary sediment chronology is provided by 210Pb measurement and AMS 14C ages. According to the chronology, the most recent homogenite events are attributable to damaging historic earthquakes in AD 1887 (Ligure) and 1564 (Roquebillie're). Hence, the Lake Vens sediment recorded large-magnitude earthquakes in the region and permits a preliminary estimate of recurrence time for such events of *400 years.

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Designing Coastal Adaptation Strategies to Tackle Sea Level Rise

Author

Théophile Bongarts Lebbe, Hélène Rey-Valette, Éric Chaumillon, Guigone Camus, Rafael Almar, Anny Cazenave, Joachim Claudet, Nicolas Rocle, Catherine Meur-Férec, Frédérique Viard, Denis Mercier, Christine Dupuy, Frédéric Ménard, Bernardo Aliaga Rossel, Lauren Mullineaux, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Anna Zivian, Françoise Gaill, and Agathe Euzen

Subjects
climate change, sea level rise, adaptation, governance, nature-based solutions, multidisciplinary approach, Science, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

Faced with sea level rise and the intensification of extreme events, human populations living on the coasts are developing responses to address local situations. A synthesis of the literature on responses to coastal adaptation allows us to highlight different adaptation strategies. Here, we analyze these strategies according to the complexity of their implementation, both institutionally and technically. First, we distinguish two opposing paradigms – fighting against rising sea levels or adapting to new climatic conditions; and second, we observe the level of integrated management of the strategies. This typology allows a distinction between four archetypes with the most commonly associated governance modalities for each. We then underline the need for hybrid approaches and adaptation trajectories over time to take into account local socio-cultural, geographical, and climatic conditions as well as to integrate stakeholders in the design and implementation of responses. We show that dynamic and participatory policies can foster collective learning processes and enable the evolution of social values and behaviors. Finally, adaptation policies rely on knowledge and participatory engagement, multi-scalar governance, policy monitoring, and territorial solidarity. These conditions are especially relevant for densely populated areas that will be confronted with sea level rise, thus for coastal cities in particular.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results