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1. Re-entrant percolation in active Brownian hard disks

Author

Evans, David, Martín-Roca, José, Harmer, Nathan J., Valeriani, Chantal, and Miller, Mark A.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Non-equilibrium clustering and percolation are investigated in an archetypal model of two-dimensional active matter using dynamic simulations of self-propelled Brownian repulsive particles. We concentrate on the single-phase region up to moderate levels of activity, before motility-induced phase separation (MIPS) sets in. Weak activity promotes cluster formation and lowers the percolation threshold. However, driving the system further out of equilibrium partly reverses this effect, resulting in a minimum in the critical density for the formation of system-spanning clusters and introducing re-entrant percolation as a function of activity in the pre-MIPS regime. This non-monotonic behaviour arises from competition between activity-induced effective attraction (which eventually leads to MIPS) and activity-driven cluster breakup. Using an adapted iterative Boltzmann inversion method, we derive effective potentials to map weakly active cases onto a passive (equilibrium) model with conservative attraction, which can be characterised by Monte Carlo simulations. While the active and passive systems have practically identical radial distribution functions, we find decisive differences in higher-order structural correlations, to which the percolation threshold is highly sensitive. For sufficiently strong activity, no passive pairwise potential can reproduce the radial distribution function of the active system.

Published
2024
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3. Fludrocortisone dose–response relationship in septic shock: a randomised phase II trial

Author

Walsham, James, Hammond, Naomi, Blumenthal, Antje, Cohen, Jeremy, Myburgh, John, Finfer, Simon, Evans, David, Peake, Sandra, Kruger, Peter, McCullough, James, Johnk, Loki, Ghelani, Dhaval, Billot, Laurent, Shan, Sana, Meyer, Jason, Rajbhandari, Dorrilyn, Koch, Carolyn, Bellomo, Rinaldo, Burrell, Louise M., Young, Morag, Roberts, Michael, Mackenzie, Lorraine, Medley, Gregory, Dalton, Joshua, and Venkatesh, Balasubramanian

Published
2024
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4. Genetic architecture reconciles linkage and association studies of complex traits

Author

Sidorenko, Julia, Couvy-Duchesne, Baptiste, Kemper, Kathryn E., Moen, Gunn-Helen, Bhatta, Laxmi, Åsvold, Bjørn Olav, Mägi, Reedik, Ani, Alireza, Wang, Rujia, Nolte, Ilja M., Gordon, Scott, Hayward, Caroline, Campbell, Archie, Benjamin, Daniel J., Cesarini, David, Evans, David M., Goddard, Michael E., Haley, Chris S., Porteous, David, Medland, Sarah E., Martin, Nicholas G., Snieder, Harold, Metspalu, Andres, Hveem, Kristian, Brumpton, Ben, Visscher, Peter M., and Yengo, Loic

Published
2024
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11. Consistency, completeness and external validity of ethnicity recording in NHS primary care records: a cohort study in 25 million patients’ records at source using OpenSAFELY

Author

Andrews, Colm D., Mathur, Rohini, Massey, Jon, Park, Robin, Curtis, Helen J., Hopcroft, Lisa, Mehrkar, Amir, Bacon, Seb, Hickman, George, Smith, Rebecca, Evans, David, Ward, Tom, Davy, Simon, Inglesby, Peter, Dillingham, Iain, Maude, Steven, O’Dwyer, Thomas, Butler-Cole, Ben F. C., Bridges, Lucy, Bates, Chris, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, Cockburn, Jonathan, Goldacre, Ben, MacKenna, Brian, Tomlinson, Laurie A., Walker, Alex J., and Hulme, William J.

Published
2024
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12. A genome-wide association study provides insights into the genetic etiology of 57 essential and non-essential trace elements in humans

Author

Moksnes, Marta R., Hansen, Ailin F., Wolford, Brooke N., Thomas, Laurent F., Rasheed, Humaira, Simić, Anica, Bhatta, Laxmi, Brantsæter, Anne Lise, Surakka, Ida, Zhou, Wei, Magnus, Per, Njølstad, Pål R., Andreassen, Ole A., Syversen, Tore, Zheng, Jie, Fritsche, Lars G., Evans, David M., Warrington, Nicole M., Nøst, Therese H., Åsvold, Bjørn Olav, Flaten, Trond Peder, Willer, Cristen J., Hveem, Kristian, and Brumpton, Ben M.

Published
2024
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16. Accurate structure prediction of biomolecular interactions with AlphaFold 3

Author

Abramson, Josh, Adler, Jonas, Dunger, Jack, Evans, Richard, Green, Tim, Pritzel, Alexander, Ronneberger, Olaf, Willmore, Lindsay, Ballard, Andrew J., Bambrick, Joshua, Bodenstein, Sebastian W., Evans, David A., Hung, Chia-Chun, O’Neill, Michael, Reiman, David, Tunyasuvunakool, Kathryn, Wu, Zachary, Žemgulytė, Akvilė, Arvaniti, Eirini, Beattie, Charles, Bertolli, Ottavia, Bridgland, Alex, Cherepanov, Alexey, Congreve, Miles, Cowen-Rivers, Alexander I., Cowie, Andrew, Figurnov, Michael, Fuchs, Fabian B., Gladman, Hannah, Jain, Rishub, Khan, Yousuf A., Low, Caroline M. R., Perlin, Kuba, Potapenko, Anna, Savy, Pascal, Singh, Sukhdeep, Stecula, Adrian, Thillaisundaram, Ashok, Tong, Catherine, Yakneen, Sergei, Zhong, Ellen D., Zielinski, Michal, Žídek, Augustin, Bapst, Victor, Kohli, Pushmeet, Jaderberg, Max, Hassabis, Demis, and Jumper, John M.

Published
2024
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18. Subfactors and Mathematical Physics

Author

Evans, David E. and Kawahigashi, Yasuyuki

Subjects
Mathematical Physics, Mathematics - Operator Algebras, Mathematics - Quantum Algebra, 46L37, 17B69, 18D10, 81R10, 81T05, 81T40, 82B20, 82B23
Abstract

This paper surveys the long-standing connections and impact between Vaughan Jones's theory of subfactors and various topics in mathematical physics, namely statistical mechanics,quantum field theory,quantum information and two-dimensional conformal field theory., Comment: 22 pages, 1 figure. To appear in an issue of the Bulletin of the AMS, dedicated to the mathematical legacy of Vaughan Jones

Published
2023
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23. Pure poetry: A new translation of Paul Valery's collected verse

Author

Evans, David

Subjects
Literature/writing
Abstract

COLLECTED VERSE PAUL VALERY Translated by Paul Ryan 384pp. Oxford World's Classics. Paperback, 9.99 [pounds sterling]. Paul Valery has sometimes been dismissed by readers as obscure, dry and overly theoretical, [...]

Published
2025

26. Calibrating geologic strata, dinosaurs, and other fossils at Dinosaur Provincial Park (Alberta, Canada) using a new CA-ID-TIMS U-Pb geochronology

Author

Eberth, David A., Evans, David C., Ramezani, Jahandar, Kamo, Sandra L., Brown, Caleb M., Currie, Philip J., and Braman, Dennis R.

Subjects
Dinosaurs -- Natural history, Geology, Stratigraphic -- Models, Geochronology -- Analysis, Fossils -- Composition -- Environmental aspects
Abstract

The 100 m thick stratigraphic section exposed at Dinosaur Provincial Park (DPP; southern Alberta) contains bentonites that have been used for more than 30 years to date DPP's rocks and fossils using the K-Ar decay scheme. Limited reproducibility among different vintages of K-Ar and [.sup.40]Ar/[.sup.39]Ar ages inhibited the development of a high-resolution chronostratigraphy. Here, we employ and further test a recently completed U-Pb geochronology and associated age-stratigraphy model to update temporal constraints on the Park's bentonites, formational contacts, and other markers. In turn, we document rock accumulation rates and calibrate ages and durations of informal megaherbivore dinosaur assemblage zones and other biozones. Weighted mean [.sup.206] Pb/[.sup.238] U ages from five bentonites range from 76.718 [+ or -] 0.020 to 74.289 [+ or -] 0.014 Ma (2[sigma] internal uncertainties) through an interval of 88.75 m, indicating a duration of ~2.43 Myr and an overall rock accumulation rate of 3.65 [+ or -] 0.04 cm/ka. An increase in rate above the Oldman--Dinosaur Park formational contact conforms to a regionally expressed pattern of increased accommodation at ~76.3Ma across Alberta and Montana. Palynological biozone data suggest a condensed section/hiatus in the uppermost portion of the Oldman Formation. Dinosaur assemblage zones exhibit durations of ~700-600 kyr and are significantly shorter than those in the overlying Horseshoe Canyon Formation. A decreased rate in dinosaur assemblage turnovers in the last eight million years of the Mesozoic in western Canada may be explained by withdrawal of the Western Interior Seaway and the expansion of ecologically homogenous lowlands in its wake. Key words: dinosaurs, geochronology, Dinosaur Provincial Park, stratigraphy, Campanian, Alberta, Introduction Dinosaur Provincial Park (DPP; the Park), a small geographic area (80 [km.sup.2]) in southern Alberta, Canada (Fig. 1), yields a rich and uniquely diverse assemblage of Late Campanian vertebrates, [...]

Published
2023
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30. Genome-wide association study of placental weight identifies distinct and shared genetic influences between placental and fetal growth

Author

Beaumont, Robin N., Flatley, Christopher, Vaudel, Marc, Wu, Xiaoping, Chen, Jing, Moen, Gunn-Helen, Skotte, Line, Helgeland, Øyvind, Solé-Navais, Pol, Banasik, Karina, Albiñana, Clara, Ronkainen, Justiina, Fadista, João, Stinson, Sara Elizabeth, Trajanoska, Katerina, Wang, Carol A., Westergaard, David, Srinivasan, Sundararajan, Sánchez-Soriano, Carlos, Bilbao, Jose Ramon, Allard, Catherine, Groleau, Marika, Kuulasmaa, Teemu, Leirer, Daniel J., White, Frédérique, Jacques, Pierre-Étienne, Cheng, Haoxiang, Hao, Ke, Andreassen, Ole A., Åsvold, Bjørn Olav, Atalay, Mustafa, Bhatta, Laxmi, Bouchard, Luigi, Brumpton, Ben Michael, Brunak, Søren, Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Ebbing, Cathrine, Elliott, Paul, Engelbrechtsen, Line, Erikstrup, Christian, Estarlich, Marisa, Franks, Stephen, Gaillard, Romy, Geller, Frank, Grove, Jakob, Hougaard, David M., Kajantie, Eero, Morgen, Camilla S., Nohr, Ellen A., Nyegaard, Mette, Palmer, Colin N. A., Pedersen, Ole Birger, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Sebert, Sylvain, Shields, Beverley M., Stoltenberg, Camilla, Surakka, Ida, Thørner, Lise Wegner, Ullum, Henrik, Vaarasmaki, Marja, Vilhjalmsson, Bjarni J., Willer, Cristen J., Lakka, Timo A., Gybel-Brask, Dorte, Bustamante, Mariona, Hansen, Torben, Pearson, Ewan R., Reynolds, Rebecca M., Ostrowski, Sisse R., Pennell, Craig E., Jaddoe, Vincent W. V., Felix, Janine F., Hattersley, Andrew T., Melbye, Mads, Lawlor, Deborah A., Hveem, Kristian, Werge, Thomas, Nielsen, Henriette Svarre, Magnus, Per, Evans, David M., Jacobsson, Bo, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Zhang, Ge, Hivert, Marie-France, Johansson, Stefan, Freathy, Rachel M., Feenstra, Bjarke, and Njølstad, Pål R.

Published
2023
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31. Advancing the Agenda in Girls' Education Research

Author

Population Council, Abuya, Benta, Evans, David, Gulesci, Selim, Haberland, Nicole, Hares, Susannah, Malik, Rabea, Mortara, Alessia, and Rose, Pauline

Abstract

In this report, the authors--a group of researchers who commonly adopt varying research traditions and approaches--have come together to outline some crucial next steps to advance the research agenda on girls' education. The authors propose five areas where researchers can better collaborate to advance the field, and they call for better coordination among researchers--and better collaboration among researchers, policymakers, and funders--to keep advancing knowledge and action for girls' education and women's empowerment. [This report was produced by the Center for Global Development (CGD).]

Published
2023

32. Equivariant higher Dixmier-Douady Theory for circle actions on UHF-algebras

Author

Evans, David E. and Pennig, Ulrich

Subjects
Mathematics - Operator Algebras, Mathematics - Algebraic Topology, 46L35, 46M20, 55N20
Abstract

We develop an equivariant Dixmier-Douady theory for locally trivial bundles of $C^*$-algebras with fibre $D \otimes \mathbb{K}$ equipped with a fibrewise $\mathbb{T}$-action, where $\mathbb{T}$ denotes the circle group and $D = \operatorname{End}\left(V\right)^{\otimes \infty}$ for a $\mathbb{T}$-representation $V$. In particular, we show that the group of $\mathbb{T}$-equivariant $*$-automorphisms $\operatorname{Aut}_{\mathbb{T}}(D \otimes \mathbb{K})$ is an infinite loop space giving rise to a cohomology theory $E^*_{D,\mathbb{T}}(X)$. Isomorphism classes of equivariant bundles then form a group with respect to the fibrewise tensor product that is isomorphic to $E^1_{D,\mathbb{T}}(X) \cong [X, B\operatorname{Aut}_{\mathbb{T}}(D \otimes \mathbb{K})]$. We compute this group for tori and compare the case $D = \mathbb{C}$ to the equivariant Brauer group for trivial actions on the base space., Comment: 37 pages, published version (except for a typo in the description of the order structure on page 19 and the proof of Lemma 3.5, which was fixed after publication, and did not change the main result)

Published
2022
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35. Moving towards Inclusive Education: Secondary School Teacher Attitudes towards Universal Design for Learning in Australia

Author

Chen, Hongyu, Evans, David, and Luu, Betty

Abstract

Achieving Sustainable Development Goal 4 is underpinned by the provision of quality inclusive education for all young persons, including persons with disabilities. The universal design for learning (UDL) framework provides the basis for establishing an inclusive pedagogical learning environment in classrooms. However, implementing such an inclusive pedagogical framework continues to be profoundly challenging across all countries, including Australia. Teacher attitude is the most important construct in efforts to create inclusive educational contexts. The aim of this study was to examine secondary school teachers' attitudes towards the UDL framework in Australia. One hundred and twenty mainstream secondary classroom teachers in Sydney completed an online survey. The mean values and standard deviations of a self-designed UDL framework were calculated to examine teacher attitudes. Correlations and multiple regressions were conducted to verify the relationship between teachers' attitudes and their background variables. The main results indicated that Australian secondary school teacher attitudes towards the UDL framework were generally positive, although they still had some practical concerns, such as having inflexible ideas about how to provide instructions. The findings provide useful insights for developing professional teacher training to promote inclusive education, where the UDL framework is a lens for interpreting inclusive education.

Published
2023
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36. Illustrating the Application of a Skills Taxonomy, Machine Learning and Online Data to Inform Career and Training Decisions

Author

Mason, Claire M., Chen, Haohui, Evans, David, and Walker, Gavin

Abstract

Purpose: This paper aims to demonstrate how skills taxonomies can be used in combination with machine learning to integrate diverse online datasets and reveal skills gaps. The purpose of this study is then to show how the skills gaps revealed by the integrated datasets can be used to achieve better labour market alignment, keep educational offerings up to date and assist graduates to communicate the value of their qualifications. Design/methodology/approach: Using the ESCO taxonomy and natural language processing, this study captures skills data from three types of online data (job ads, course descriptions and resumes), allowing us to compare demand for skills and supply of skills for three different occupations. Findings: This study illustrates three practical applications for the integrated data, showing how they can be used to help workers who are disrupted by technology to identify alternative career pathways, assist educators to identify gaps in their course offerings and support students to communicate the value of their training to employers. Originality/value: This study builds upon existing applications of machine learning (detecting skills from a single dataset) by using the skills taxonomy to integrate three datasets. This study shows how these complementary, big datasets can be integrated to support greater alignment between the needs and offerings of educators, employers and job seekers.

Published
2023
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38. Injury outcomes across Canadian trauma systems: a historical cohort study

Author

Moore, Lynne, Thakore, Jaimini, Evans, David, Stelfox, Henry T., Razek, Tarek, Kortbeek, John, Watson, Ian, Evans, Christopher, Erdogan, Mete, Engels, Paul, Haas, Barbara, Esmail, Rosmin, Green, Robert, Lampron, Jacinthe, Wiebe, Micheline, Clément, Julien, Gezer, Recep, McMillan, Jennifer, Neveu, Xavier, Tardif, Pier-Alexandre, Coates, Angela, and Yanchar, Natalie L.

Published
2023
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43. The impact of inversions across 33,924 families with rare disease from a national genome sequencing project

Author

Pagnamenta, Alistair T., Yu, Jing, Walker, Susan, Noble, Alexandra J., Lord, Jenny, Dutta, Prasun, Hashim, Mona, Camps, Carme, Green, Hannah, Devaiah, Smrithi, Nashef, Lina, Parr, Jason, Fratter, Carl, Ibnouf Hussein, Rana, Lindsay, Sarah J., Lalloo, Fiona, Banos-Pinero, Benito, Evans, David, Mallin, Lucy, Waite, Adrian, Evans, Julie, Newman, Andrew, Allen, Zoe, Perez-Becerril, Cristina, Ryan, Gavin, Hart, Rachel, Taylor, John, Bedenham, Tina, Clement, Emma, Blair, Ed, Hay, Eleanor, Forzano, Francesca, Higgs, Jenny, Canham, Natalie, Majumdar, Anirban, McEntagart, Meriel, Lahiri, Nayana, Stewart, Helen, Smithson, Sarah, Calpena, Eduardo, Jackson, Adam, Banka, Siddharth, Titheradge, Hannah, McGowan, Ruth, Rankin, Julia, Shaw-Smith, Charles, Evans, D. Gareth, Burghel, George J., Smith, Miriam J., Anderson, Emily, Madhu, Rajesh, Firth, Helen, Ellard, Sian, Brennan, Paul, Anderson, Claire, Taupin, Doug, Rogers, Mark T., Cook, Jackie A., Durkie, Miranda, East, James E., Fowler, Darren, Wilson, Louise, Igbokwe, Rebecca, Gardham, Alice, Tomlinson, Ian, Baralle, Diana, Uhlig, Holm H., and Taylor, Jenny C.

Published
2024
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44. Clinical coding of long COVID in primary care 2020–2023 in a cohort of 19 million adults: an OpenSAFELY analysis

Author

Walker, Alex, Green, Amelia, Mehrkar, Amir, Schaffer, Andrea, Brown, Andrew, Goldacre, Ben, Butler-Cole, Ben, MacKenna, Brian, Morton, Caroline, Walters, Caroline, Stables, Catherine, Cunningham, Christine, Wood, Christopher, Andrews, Colm, Evans, David, Hickman, George, Curtis, Helen, Drysdale, Henry, Dillingham, Iain, Morley, Jessica, Massey, Jon, Nab, Linda, Hopcroft, Lisa, Fisher, Louis, Bridges, Lucy, Wiedemann, Milan, DeVito, Nicholas, Macdonald, Orla, Inglesby, Peter, Smith, Rebecca, Croker, Richard, Park, Robin, Higgins, Rose, Bacon, Sebastian, Davy, Simon, Maude, Steven, O'Dwyer, Thomas, Ward, Tom, Speed, Victoria, Hulme, William, Hart, Liam, Stokes, Pete, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Costello, Ruth, Cowling, Thomas, Douglas, Ian, Eggo, Rosalind, Evans, Stephen, Forbes, Harriet, Grieve, Richard, Grint, Daniel, Herrett, Emily, Langan, Sinead, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Mansfield, Kathryn, Mathur, Rohini, McDonald, Helen, Parker, Edward, Rentsch, Christopher, Schultze, Anna, Smeeth, Liam, Tazare, John, Tomlinson, Laurie, Walker, Jemma, Williamson, Elizabeth, Wing, Kevin, Wong, Angel, Zheng, Bang, Bates, Christopher, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, O'Hanlon, Shaun, Eavis, Alex, Jarvis, Richard, Avramov, Dima, Griffiths, Paul, Fowles, Aaron, Parkes, Nasreen, Perera, Rafael, Harrison, David, Khunti, Kamlesh, Sterne, Jonathan, Quint, Jennifer, Henderson, Alasdair D., Butler-Cole, Ben FC., Tomlinson, Laurie A., Marks, Michael, Jit, Mark, Briggs, Andrew, Lin, Liang-Yu, Carlile, Oliver, Bates, Chris, Bacon, Sebastian CJ., Dennison, William A., Costello, Ruth E., Wei, Yinghui, Walker, Alex J., and Eggo, Rosalind M.

Published
2024
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47. Impact of long COVID on health-related quality-of-life: an OpenSAFELY population cohort study using patient-reported outcome measures (OpenPROMPT)

Author

Walker, Alex, Green, Amelia, Mehrkar, Amir, Schaffer, Andrea, Brown, Andrew, Goldacre, Ben, Butler-Cole, Ben, MacKenna, Brian, Morton, Caroline, Walters, Caroline, Stables, Catherine, Cunningham, Christine, Wood, Christopher, Andrews, Colm, Evans, David, Hickman, George, Curtis, Helen, Drysdale, Henry, Dillingham, Iain, Morley, Jessica, Massey, Jon, Nab, Linda, Hopcroft, Lisa, Fisher, Louis, Bridges, Lucy, Wiedemann, Milan, DeVito, Nicholas, Macdonald, Orla, Inglesby, Peter, Smith, Rebecca, Croker, Richard, Park, Robin, Higgins, Rose, Bacon, Sebastian, Davy, Simon, Maude, Steven, O'Dwyer, Thomas, Ward, Tom, Speed, Victoria, Hulme, William, Hart, Liam, Stokes, Pete, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Costello, Ruth, Cowling, Thomas, Douglas, Ian, Eggo, Rosalind, Evans, Stephen, Forbes, Harriet, Grieve, Richard, Grint, Daniel, Herrett, Emily, Langan, Sinead, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Mansfield, Kathryn, Mathur, Rohini, McDonald, Helen, Parker, Edward, Rentsch, Christopher, Schultze, Anna, Smeeth, Liam, Tazare, John, Tomlinson, Laurie, Walker, Jemma, Williamson, Elizabeth, Wing, Kevin, Wong, Angel, Zheng, Bang, Bates, Christopher, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, O'Hanlon, Shaun, Eavis, Alex, Jarvis, Richard, Avramov, Dima, Griffiths, Paul, Fowles, Aaron, Parkes, Nasreen, Perera, Rafael, Harrison, David, Khunti, Kamlesh, Sterne, Jonathan, Quint, Jennifer, Carlile, Oliver, Briggs, Andrew, Henderson, Alasdair D., Butler-Cole, Ben F.C., Tomlinson, Laurie A., Marks, Michael, Jit, Mark, Lin, Liang-Yu, Bates, Chris, Bacon, Sebastian C.J., Dennison, William A., Costello, Ruth E., Walker, Alex J., and Eggo, Rosalind M.

Published
2024
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48. Guidance for assessment of the inflammation etiologic criterion for the GLIM diagnosis of malnutrition: A modified Delphi approach

Author

Cederholm, Tommy, Jensen, Gordon L., Ballesteros-Pomar, Maria D., Blaauw, Renee, Correia, M. Isabel T.D., Cuerda, Cristina, Evans, David C., Fukushima, Ryoji, Ochoa Gautier, Juan Bernardo, Gonzalez, M. Cristina, van Gossum, Andre, Gramlich, Leah, Hartono, Joseph, Heymsfield, Steven B., Jager-Wittenaar, Harriët, Jayatissa, Renuka, Keller, Heather, Malone, Ainsley, Manzanares, William, McMahon, M. Molly, Mendez, Yolanda, Mogensen, Kris M., Mori, Naoharu, Muscaritoli, Maurizio, Nogales, Guillermo Contreras, Nyulasi, Ibolya, Phillips, Wendy, Pirlich, Matthias, Pisprasert, Veeradej, Rothenberg, Elisabet, de van der Schueren, Marian, Shi, Han Ping, Steiber, Alison, Winkler, Marion F., Barazzoni, Rocco, and Compher, Charlene

Published
2024
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50. How Big Are Effect Sizes in International Education Studies?

Author

Evans, David K. and Yuan, Fei

Abstract

A growing literature measures the impact of education interventions in low- and middle-income countries on both access and learning outcomes. But how should one contextualize the size of impacts? This article provides the distribution of standardized effect sizes on learning and access from 234 studies in low- and middle-income countries. We identify a median effect size of 0.10 standard deviations on learning and 0.07 standard deviations on access among randomized controlled trials. Effect sizes are similar for quasi-experimental studies. Effects are larger and demonstrate higher variance for small-scale studies than for large-scale studies. The distribution of existing effects can help researchers and policymakers to situate new findings within current knowledge and design new studies with sufficient statistical power to identify effects.

Published
2022
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