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23 results on '"F. Eriksson"'

1. Access and sustainment of ELMy H-mode operation for ITER pre-fusion power operation plasmas using JINTRAC

Author

E. Tholerus, L. Garzotti, V. Parail, Y. Baranov, X. Bonnin, G. Corrigan, F. Eriksson, D. Farina, L. Figini, D.M. Harting, S.H. Kim, F. Koechl, A. Loarte, E. Militello Asp, H. Nordman, S.D. Pinches, A.R. Polevoi, and P. Strand

Subjects
ITER, PFPO, scenario development, integrated modelling, JINTRAC, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

In the initial stages of ITER operation, ELM mitigation systems need to be commissioned. This requires controlled flat-top operation in type-I ELMy H-mode regimes. Hydrogen or helium plasma discharges are used exclusively in these stages to ensure negligible production of neutrons from fusion reactions. With the expected higher L–H power threshold of hydrogen and helium plasmas compared to corresponding D and D/T plasmas, it is uncertain whether available auxiliary power systems are sufficient to operate in stable type-I ELMy H-mode. This has been investigated using integrated core and edge/SOL/divertor modelling with JINTRAC. Assuming that the L–H power threshold is well captured by the Martin08 scaling law, the presented simulations have found that 30 MW of ECRH power is likely required for the investigated hydrogen plasma scenarios, rather than the originally planned 20 MW in the 2016 Staged Approach ITER Baseline. However, past experiments have shown that a small helium fraction (∼10%) can considerably reduce the hydrogen plasma L–H power threshold. Assuming that these results extrapolate to ITER operation regimes, the 7.5 MA/2.65 T hydrogen plasma scenario is likely to access stable type-I ELMy H-mode operation also at 20 MW of ECRH.

Published
2025
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2. Single‐Phase Growth, Stabilization, and Electrical Properties of B Phase VO2 Films Grown on Mica by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering

Author

E. Ekström, S. Hurand, M. M. Yildizhan, A. Elsukova, P. O. Å. Persson, B. Paul, G. Ramanath, A. leFebvrier, F. Eriksson, and P. Eklund

Subjects
alEpitaxy, metastable phases, PVD, Thin film, VO2, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Abstract The VO2 metastable (B) phase is of interest for applications in temperature sensing, bolometry, and Li‐ion batteries. However, single‐phase growth of thin films of this metastable phase is a challenge because vanadium oxide exhibits many polymorphs and the VO2 stable (M1) phase is usually present as a secondary phase. Additionally, the phase transition at 350 °C in the (B) phase severely narrows the processing window for achieving phase‐pure films. Here, single‐phase growth of 5‐to 50‐nm thick VO2 (B) films on muscovite, mica, by pulsed direct‐current reactive magnetron sputtering at 400 °C is demonstrated. The films are phase‐pure and exhibit a high density of 4.05 g cm−3 and low resistivity of about 50 mΩcm at 30 °C. Increasing the film thickness to 100 nm results in a V2O5‐capped VO2 (B) film with a resistivity of 8000 mΩcm. These results indicate that the stability of the VO2 (B) phase is sensitive to in situ annealing during deposition. These findings should serve as a basis to design processes to exclusively obtain phase‐pure VO2 (B) films.

Published
2023
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3. An overview of the STEP divertor design and the simple models driving the plasma exhaust scenario

Author

S.S. Henderson, R.T. Osawa, S.L. Newton, D. Moulton, L. Xiang, R. Futtersack, M. Kryjak, C. Ridgers, J. Karhunen, A. Jarvinen, A. Hudoba, S. Bakes, F. Eriksson, H. Meyer, M. Lord, A. Tarazona, A. Cureton, A. Barth, B. Chuilon, T. Hebrard, S. Wang, Z. Vizvary, D. Vaccaro, F. Perez Smith, J. Farrington, J. Harrison, B. Dudson, and B. Lipschultz

Subjects
STEP, fusion, divertor, exhaust, reduced models, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the preliminary divertor design and plasma exhaust scenario for the reactor-class Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production project. Due to the smaller size of the machine, with a major radius less than half that of most DEMO concepts, the current design features a double-null divertor geometry, comprising tightly baffled extended outer legs and shorter inner legs approaching an X-divertor. Leveraging a significant database of SOLPS-ITER simulations, the exhaust operational space is mapped out, offering valuable insights into the plasma exhaust dynamics. An approach involving the validation of simple, yet robust models capable of accurately predicting key exhaust parameters is detailed, thereby streamlining the design process. The simple models are used to simulate the entire plasma scenario from the plasma current ramp-up, through the burning phase, to the plasma current ramp-down. Notably, the findings suggest that pronounced detachment, with peak heat loads below engineering limits and electron temperatures below 5 eV, is achievable with a divertor neutral pressure between 10 Pa and 15 Pa during the burning phase, and pressures below 5 Pa during the ramp-up to maximise the auxiliary current-drive efficiency. Throughout the scenario, an Ar concentration of ${\approx}3$ % in the scrape-off layer (SOL) is required, in combination with a core radiation fraction of 70% driven by intrinsic emission and extrinsic injection of Xe seeded fuelling pellets. However, significant uncertainties remain regarding key parameters such as the SOL heat flux width, Ar screening, and plasma kinetic effects.

Published
2024
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4. Overview of the EUROfusion Tokamak Exploitation programme in support of ITER and DEMO

Author

E. Joffrin, M. Wischmeier, M. Baruzzo, A. Hakola, A. Kappatou, D. Keeling, B. Labit, E. Tsitrone, N. Vianello, the ASDEX Upgrade Team, JET Contributors, the MAST-U Team, the TCV Team, the WEST Team, the EUROfusion Tokamak Exploitation Team:, D. Abate, J. Adamek, M. Agostini, C. Albert, F.C.P. Albert Devasagayam, S. Aleiferis, E. Alessi, J. Alhage, S. Allan, J. Allcock, M. Alonzo, G. Anastasiou, E. Andersson Sunden, C. Angioni, Y. Anquetin, L. Appel, G.M. Apruzzese, M. Ariola, C. Arnas, J.F. Artaud, W. Arter, O. Asztalos, L. Aucone, M.H. Aumeunier, F. Auriemma, J. Ayllon, E. Aymerich, A. Baciero, F. Bagnato, L. Bähner, F. Bairaktaris, P. Balázs, L. Balbinot, I. Balboa, M. Balden, A. Balestri, M. Baquero Ruiz, T. Barberis, C. Barcellona, O. Bardsley, S. Benkadda, T. Bensadon, E. Bernard, M. Bernert, H. Betar, R. Bianchetti Morales, J. Bielecki, R. Bilato, P. Bilkova, W. Bin, G. Birkenmeier, R. Bisson, P. Blanchard, A. Bleasdale, V. Bobkov, A. Boboc, A. Bock, K. Bogar, P. Bohm, T. Bolzonella, F. Bombarda, N. Bonanomi, L. Boncagni, D. Bonfiglio, R. Bonifetto, M. Bonotto, D. Borodin, I. Borodkina, T.O.S.J. Bosman, C. Bourdelle, C. Bowman, S. Brezinsek, D. Brida, F. Brochard, R. Brunet, D. Brunetti, V. Bruno, R. Buchholz, J. Buermans, H. Bufferand, P. Buratti, A. Burckhart, J. Cai, R. Calado, J. Caloud, S. Cancelli, F. Cani, B. Cannas, M. Cappelli, S. Carcangiu, A. Cardinali, S. Carli, D. Carnevale, M. Carole, M. Carpita, D. Carralero, F. Caruggi, I.S. Carvalho, I. Casiraghi, A. Casolari, F.J. Casson, C. Castaldo, A. Cathey, F. Causa, J. Cavalier, M. Cavedon, J. Cazabonne, M. Cecconello, L. Ceelen, A. Celora, J. Cerovsky, C.D. Challis, R. Chandra, A. Chankin, B. Chapman, H. Chen, M. Chernyshova, A.G. Chiariello, P. Chmielewski, A. Chomiczewska, C. Cianfarani, G. Ciraolo, J. Citrin, F. Clairet, S. Coda, R. Coelho, J.W. Coenen, I.H. Coffey, C. Colandrea, L. Colas, S. Conroy, C. Contre, N.J. Conway, L. Cordaro, Y. Corre, D. Costa, S. Costea, D. Coster, X. Courtois, C. Cowley, T. Craciunescu, G. Croci, A.M. Croitoru, K. Crombe, D.J. Cruz Zabala, G. Cseh, T. Czarski, A. Da Ros, A. Dal Molin, M. Dalla Rosa, Y. Damizia, O. D’Arcangelo, P. David, M. De Angeli, E. De la Cal, E. De La Luna, G. De Tommasi, J. Decker, R. Dejarnac, D. Del Sarto, G. Derks, C. Desgranges, P. Devynck, S. Di Genova, L.E. di Grazia, A. Di Siena, M. Dicorato, M. Diez, M. Dimitrova, T. Dittmar, L. Dittrich, J.J. Domínguez Palacios Durán, P. Donnel, D. Douai, S. Dowson, S. Doyle, M. Dreval, P. Drews, L. Dubus, R. Dumont, D. Dunai, M. Dunne, A. Durif, F. Durodie, G. Durr Legoupil Nicoud, B. Duval, R. Dux, T. Eich, A. Ekedahl, S. Elmore, G. Ericsson, J. Eriksson, B. Eriksson, F. Eriksson, S. Ertmer, A. Escarguel, B. Esposito, T. Estrada, E. Fable, M. Faitsch, N. Fakhrayi Mofrad, A. Fanni, T. Farley, M. Farník, N. Fedorczak, F. Felici, X. Feng, J. Ferreira, D. Ferreira, N. Ferron, O. Fevrier, O. Ficker, A.R. Field, A. Figueiredo, N. Fil, D. Fiorucci, M. Firdaouss, R. Fischer, M. Fitzgerald, M. Flebbe, M. Fontana, J. Fontdecaba Climent, A. Frank, E. Fransson, L. Frassinetti, D. Frigione, S. Futatani, R. Futtersack, S. Gabriellini, D. Gadariya, D. Galassi, K. Galazka, J. Galdon, S. Galeani, D. Gallart, A. Gallo, C. Galperti, M. Gambrioli, S. Garavaglia, J. Garcia, M. Garcia Munoz, J. Gardarein, L. Garzotti, J. Gaspar, R. Gatto, P. Gaudio, M. Gelfusa, J. Gerardin, S.N. Gerasimov, R. Gerru Miguelanez, G. Gervasini, Z. Ghani, F.M. Ghezzi, G. Ghillardi, L. Giannone, S. Gibson, L. Gil, A. Gillgren, E. Giovannozzi, C. Giroud, G. Giruzzi, T. Gleiter, M. Gobbin, V. Goloborodko, A. González Ganzábal, T. Goodman, V. Gopakumar, G. Gorini, T. Görler, S. Gorno, G. Granucci, D. Greenhouse, G. Grenfell, M. Griener, W. Gromelski, M. Groth, O. Grover, M. Gruca, A. Gude, C. Guillemaut, R. Guirlet, J. Gunn, T. Gyergyek, L. Hagg, J. Hall, C.J. Ham, M. Hamed, T. Happel, G. Harrer, J. Harrison, D. Harting, N.C. Hawkes, P. Heinrich, S. Henderson, P. Hennequin, R. Henriques, S. Heuraux, J. Hidalgo Salaverri, J. Hillairet, J.C. Hillesheim, A. Hjalmarsson, A. Ho, J. Hobirk, E. Hodille, M. Hölzl, M. Hoppe, J. Horacek, N. Horsten, L. Horvath, M. Houry, K. Hromasova, J. Huang, Z. Huang, A. Huber, E. Huett, P. Huynh, A. Iantchenko, M. Imrisek, P. Innocente, C. Ionita Schrittwieser, H. Isliker, P. Ivanova, I. Ivanova Stanik, M. Jablczynska, S. Jachmich, A.S. Jacobsen, P. Jacquet, A. Jansen van Vuuren, A. Jardin, H. Järleblad, A. Järvinen, F. Jaulmes, T. Jensen, I. Jepu, S. Jessica, T. Johnson, A. Juven, J. Kalis, J. Karhunen, R. Karimov, A.N. Karpushov, S. Kasilov, Y. Kazakov, P.V. Kazantzidis, W. Kernbichler, HT. Kim, D.B. King, V.G. Kiptily, A. Kirjasuo, K.K. Kirov, A. Kirschner, A. Kit, T. Kiviniemi, F. Kjær, E. Klinkby, A. Knieps, U. Knoche, M. Kochan, F. Köchl, G. Kocsis, J.T.W. Koenders, L. Kogan, Y. Kolesnichenko, Y. Kominis, M. Komm, M. Kong, B. Kool, S.B. Korsholm, D. Kos, M. Koubiti, J. Kovacic, Y. Kovtun, E. Kowalska Strzeciwilk, K. Koziol, M. Kozulia, A. Krämer Flecken, A. Kreter, K. Krieger, U. Kruezi, O. Krutkin, O. Kudlacek, U. Kumar, H. Kumpulainen, M.H. Kushoro, R. Kwiatkowski, M. La Matina, M. Lacquaniti, L. Laguardia, P. Lainer, P. Lang, M. Larsen, E. Laszynska, K.D. Lawson, A. Lazaros, E. Lazzaro, M.Y.K. Lee, S. Leerink, M. Lehnen, M. Lennholm, E. Lerche, Y. Liang, A. Lier, J. Likonen, O. Linder, B. Lipschultz, A. Listopad, X. Litaudon, E. Litherland Smith, D. Liuzza, T. Loarer, P.J. Lomas, J. Lombardo, N. Lonigro, R. Lorenzini, C. Lowry, T. Luda di Cortemiglia, A. Ludvig Osipov, T. Lunt, V. Lutsenko, E. Macusova, R. Mäenpää, P. Maget, C.F. Maggi, J. Mailloux, S. Makarov, K. Malinowski, P. Manas, A. Mancini, D. Mancini, P. Mantica, M. Mantsinen, J. Manyer, M. Maraschek, G. Marceca, G. Marcer, C. Marchetto, S. Marchioni, A. Mariani, M. Marin, M. Markl, T. Markovic, D. Marocco, S. Marsden, L. Martellucci, P. Martin, C. Martin, F. Martinelli, L. Martinelli, J.R. Martin Solis, R. Martone, M. Maslov, R. Masocco, M. Mattei, G.F. Matthews, D. Matveev, E. Matveeva, M.L. Mayoral, D. Mazon, S. Mazzi, C. Mazzotta, G. McArdle, R. McDermott, K. McKay, A.G. Meigs, C. Meineri, A. Mele, V. Menkovski, S. Menmuir, A. Merle, H. Meyer, K. Mikszuta Michalik, D. Milanesio, F. Militello, A. Milocco, I.G. Miron, J. Mitchell, R. Mitteau, V. Mitterauer, J. Mlynar, V. Moiseenko, P. Molna, F. Mombelli, C. Monti, A. Montisci, J. Morales, P. Moreau, J.M. Moret, A. Moro, D. Moulton, P. Mulholland, M. Muraglia, A. Murari, A. Muraro, P. Muscente, D. Mykytchuk, F. Nabais, Y. Nakeva, F. Napoli, E. Nardon, M.F. Nave, R.D. Nem, A. Nielsen, S.K. Nielsen, M. Nocente, R. Nouailletas, S. Nowak, H. Nyström, R. Ochoukov, N. Offeddu, S. Olasz, C. Olde, F. Oliva, D. Oliveira, H.J.C. Oliver, P. Ollus, J. Ongena, F.P. Orsitto, N. Osborne, R. Otin, P. Oyola Dominguez, D.I. Palade, S. Palomba, O. Pan, N. Panadero, E. Panontin, A. Papadopoulos, P. Papagiannis, G. Papp, V.V. Parail, C. Pardanaud, J. Parisi, A. Parrott, K. Paschalidis, M. Passoni, F. Pastore, A. Patel, B. Patel, A. Pau, G. Pautasso, R. Pavlichenko, E. Pawelec, B. Pegourie, G. Pelka, E. Peluso, A. Perek, E. Perelli Cippo, C. Perez Von Thun, P. Petersson, G. Petravich, Y. Peysson, V. Piergotti, L. Pigatto, C. Piron, L. Piron, A. Pironti, F. Pisano, U. Plank, B. Ploeckl, V. Plyusnin, A. Podolnik, Y. Poels, G. Pokol, J. Poley, G. Por, M. Poradzinski, F. Porcelli, L. Porte, C. Possieri, A. Poulsen, I. Predebon, G. Pucella, M. Pueschel, P. Puglia, O. Putignano, T. Pütterich, V. Quadri, A. Quercia, M. Rabinski, L. Radovanovic, R. Ragona, H. Raj, M. Rasinski, J. Rasmussen, G. Ratta, S. Ratynskaia, R. Rayaprolu, M. Rebai, A. Redl, D. Rees, D. Refy, M. Reich, H. Reimerdes, B.C.G. Reman, O. Renders, C. Reux, D. Ricci, M. Richou, S. Rienacker, D. Rigamonti, F. Rigollet, F.G. Rimini, D. Ripamonti, N. Rispoli, N. Rivals, J.F. Rivero Rodriguez, C. Roach, G. Rocchi, S. Rode, P. Rodrigues, J. Romazanov, C.F. Romero Madrid, J. Rosato, R. Rossi, G. Rubino, J. Rueda Rueda, J. Ruiz Ruiz, P. Ryan, D. Ryan, S. Saarelma, R. Sabot, M. Salewski, A. Salmi, L. Sanchis, A. Sand, J. Santos, K. Särkimäki, M. Sassano, O. Sauter, G. Schettini, S. Schmuck, P. Schneider, N. Schoonheere, R. Schramm, R. Schrittwieser, C. Schuster, N. Schwarz, F. Sciortino, M. Scotto D’Abusco, S. Scully, A. Selce, L. Senni, M. Senstius, G. Sergienko, S.E. Sharapov, R. Sharma, A. Shaw, U. Sheikh, G. Sias, B. Sieglin, S.A. Silburn, C. Silva, A. Silva, D. Silvagni, B. Simmendefeldt Schmidt, L. Simons, J. Simpson, L. Singh, S. Sipilä, Y. Siusko, S. Smith, A. Snicker, E.R. Solano, V. Solokha, M. Sos, C. Sozzi, F. Spineanu, G. Spizzo, M. Spolaore, L. Spolladore, C. Srinivasan, A. Stagni, Z. Stancar, G. Stankunas, J. Stober, P. Strand, C.I. Stuart, F. Subba, G.Y. Sun, H.J. Sun, W. Suttrop, J. Svoboda, T. Szepesi, G. Szepesi, B. Tal, T. Tala, P. Tamain, G. Tardini, M. Tardocchi, D. Taylor, G. Telesca, A. Tenaglia, A. Terra, D. Terranova, D. Testa, C. Theiler, E. Tholerus, B. Thomas, E. Thoren, A. Thornton, A. Thrysoe, Q. TICHIT, W. Tierens, A. Titarenko, P. Tolias, E. Tomasina, M. Tomes, E. Tonello, A. Tookey, M. Toscano Jiménez, C. Tsironis, C. Tsui, A. Tykhyy, M. Ugoletti, M. Usoltseva, D.F. Valcarcel, A. Valentini, M. Valisa, M. Vallar, M. Valovic, SI. Valvis, M. van Berkel, D. Van Eester, S. Van Mulders, M. van Rossem, R. Vann, B. Vanovac, J. Varela Rodriguez, J. Varje, S. Vartanian, M. Vecsei, L. Velarde Gallardo, M. Veranda, T. Verdier, G. Verdoolaege, K. Verhaegh, L. Vermare, G. Verona Rinati, J. Vicente, E. Viezzer, L. Vignitchouk, F. Villone, B. Vincent, P. Vincenzi, M.O. Vlad, G. Vogel, I. Voitsekhovitch, I. Voldiner, P. Vondracek, N.M.T. VU, T. Vuoriheimo, C. Wade, E. Wang, T. Wauters, M. Weiland, H. Weisen, N. Wendler, D. Weston, A. Widdowson, S. Wiesen, M. Wiesenberger, T. Wijkamp, M. Willensdorfer, T. Wilson, A. Wojenski, C. Wuethrich, I. Wyss, L. Xiang, S. Xu, D. Yadykin, Y. Yakovenko, H. Yang, V. Yanovskiy, R. Yi, B. Zaar, G. Zadvitskiy, L. Zakharov, P. Zanca, D. Zarzoso, Y. Zayachuk, J. Zebrowski, M. Zerbini, P. Zestanakis, C. F. B. Zimmermann, M. Zlobinski, A. Zohar, V.K. Zotta, X. Zou, M. Zuin, M. Zurita, and I. Zychor

Subjects
JET, ASDEX Upgrade, MAST-U, TCV, WEST, Tokamak Exploitation Task Force, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Within the 9th European Framework programme, since 2021 EUROfusion is operating five tokamaks under the auspices of a single Task Force called ‘Tokamak Exploitation’. The goal is to benefit from the complementary capabilities of each machine in a coordinated way and help in developing a scientific output scalable to future largre machines. The programme of this Task Force ensures that ASDEX Upgrade, MAST-U, TCV, WEST and JET (since 2022) work together to achieve the objectives of Missions 1 and 2 of the EUROfusion Roadmap: i) demonstrate plasma scenarios that increase the success margin of ITER and satisfy the requirements of DEMO and, ii) demonstrate an integrated approach that can handle the large power leaving ITER and DEMO plasmas. The Tokamak Exploitation task force has therefore organized experiments on these two missions with the goal to strengthen the physics and operational basis for the ITER baseline scenario and for exploiting the recent plasma exhaust enhancements in all four devices (PEX: Plasma EXhaust) for exploring the solution for handling heat and particle exhaust in ITER and develop the conceptual solutions for DEMO. The ITER Baseline scenario has been developed in a similar way in ASDEX Upgrade, TCV and JET. Key risks for ITER such as disruptions and run-aways have been also investigated in TCV, ASDEX Upgrade and JET. Experiments have explored successfully different divertor configurations (standard, super-X, snowflakes) in MAST-U and TCV and studied tungsten melting in WEST and ASDEX Upgrade. The input from the smaller devices to JET has also been proven successful to set-up novel control schemes on disruption avoidance and detachment.

Published
2024
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5. Overview of T and D–T results in JET with ITER-like wall

Author

C.F. Maggi, D. Abate, N. Abid, P. Abreu, O. Adabonyan, M. Afzal, I. Ahmad, M. Akhtar, R. Albanese, S. Aleiferis, E. Alessi, P. Aleynikov, J. Alguacil, J. Alhage, M. Ali, H. Allen, M. Allinson, M. Alonzo, E. Alves, R. Ambrosino, E. Andersson Sundén, P. Andrew, M. Angelone, C. Angioni, I. Antoniou, L. Appel, C. Appelbee, C. Aramunde, M. Ariola, G. Arnoux, G. Artaserse, J.-F. Artaud, W. Arter, V. Artigues, F.J. Artola, A. Ash, O. Asztalos, D. Auld, F. Auriemma, Y. Austin, L. Avotina, J. Ayllón, E. Aymerich, A. Baciero, L. Bähner, F. Bairaktaris, I. Balboa, M. Balden, N. Balshaw, V.K. Bandaru, J. Banks, A. Banon Navarro, C. Barcellona, O. Bardsley, M. Barnes, R. Barnsley, M. Baruzzo, M. Bassan, A. Batista, P. Batistoni, L. Baumane, B. Bauvir, L. Baylor, C. Bearcroft, P. Beaumont, D. Beckett, A. Begolli, M. Beidler, N. Bekris, M. Beldishevski, E. Belli, F. Belli, S. Benkadda, J. Bentley, E. Bernard, J. Bernardo, M. Bernert, M. Berry, L. Bertalot, H. Betar, M. Beurskens, P.G. Bhat, S. Bickerton, J. Bielecki, T. Biewer, R. Bilato, P. Bílková, G. Birkenmeier, R. Bisson, J.P.S. Bizarro, P. Blatchford, A. Bleasdale, V. Bobkov, A. Boboc, A. Bock, G. Bodnar, P. Bohm, L. Bonalumi, N. Bonanomi, D. Bonfiglio, X. Bonnin, P. Bonofiglo, J. Booth, D. Borba, D. Borodin, I. Borodkina, T.O.S.J. Bosman, C. Bourdelle, M. Bowden, I. Božičević Mihalić, S.C. Bradnam, B. Breizman, S. Brezinsek, D. Brida, M. Brix, P. Brown, D. Brunetti, M. Buckley, J. Buermans, H. Bufferand, P. Buratti, A. Burckhart, A. Burgess, A. Buscarino, A. Busse, D. Butcher, G. Calabrò, L. Calacci, R. Calado, R. Canavan, B. Cannas, M. Cannon, M. Cappelli, S. Carcangiu, P. Card, A. Cardinali, S. Carli, P. Carman, D. Carnevale, B. Carvalho, I.S. Carvalho, P. Carvalho, I. Casiraghi, F.J. Casson, C. Castaldo, J.P. Catalan, N. Catarino, F. Causa, M. Cavedon, M. Cecconello, L. Ceelen, C.D. Challis, B. Chamberlain, R. Chandra, C.S. Chang, A. Chankin, B. Chapman, P. Chauhan, M. Chernyshova, A. Chiariello, G.-C. Chira, P. Chmielewski, A. Chomiczewska, L. Chone, J. Cieslik, G. Ciraolo, D. Ciric, J. Citrin, Ł. Ciupinski, R. Clarkson, M. Cleverly, P. Coates, V. Coccorese, R. Coelho, J.W. Coenen, I.H. Coffey, A. Colangeli, L. Colas, J. Collins, S. Conroy, C. Contré, N.J. Conway, D. Coombs, P. Cooper, S. Cooper, L. Cordaro, C. Corradino, Y. Corre, G. Corrigan, D. Coster, T. Craciunescu, S. Cramp, D. Craven, R. Craven, G. Croci, D. Croft, K. Crombé, T. Cronin, N. Cruz, A. Cufar, A. Cullen, A. Dal Molin, S. Dalley, P. David, A. Davies, J. Davies, S. Davies, G. Davis, K. Dawson, S. Dawson, I. Day, G. De Tommasi, J. Deane, M. Dearing, M. De Bock, J. Decker, R. Dejarnac, E. Delabie, E. de la Cal, E. de la Luna, D. Del Sarto, A. Dempsey, W. Deng, A. Dennett, G.L. Derks, G. De Temmerman, F. Devasagayam, P. de Vries, P. Devynck, A. di Siena, D. Dickinson, T. Dickson, M. Diez, P. Dinca, T. Dittmar, L. Dittrich, J. Dobrashian, T. Dochnal, A.J.H. Donné, W. Dorland, S. Dorling, S. Dormido-Canto, R. Dotse, D. Douai, S. Dowson, R. Doyle, M. Dreval, P. Drews, G. Drummond, Ph. Duckworth, H.G. Dudding, R. Dumont, P. Dumortier, D. Dunai, T. Dunatov, M. Dunne, I. Ďuran, F. Durodié, R. Dux, T. Eade, E. Eardley, J. Edwards, T. Eich, A. Eksaeva, H. El-Haroun, R.D. Ellis, G. Ellwood, C. Elsmore, S. Emery, G. Ericsson, B. Eriksson, F. Eriksson, J. Eriksson, L.G. Eriksson, S. Ertmer, G. Evans, S. Evans, E. Fable, D. Fagan, M. Faitsch, D. Fajardo Jimenez, M. Falessi, A. Fanni, T. Farmer, I. Farquhar, B. Faugeras, S. Fazinić, N. Fedorczak, K. Felker, R. Felton, H. Fernandes, D.R. Ferreira, J. Ferreira, G. Ferrò, J. Fessey, O. Février, O. Ficker, A.R. Field, A. Figueiredo, J. Figueiredo, A. Fil, N. Fil, P. Finburg, U. Fischer, G. Fishpool, L. Fittill, M. Fitzgerald, D. Flammini, J. Flanagan, S. Foley, N. Fonnesu, M. Fontana, J.M. Fontdecaba, L. Fortuna, E. Fortuna-Zalesna, M. Fortune, C. Fowler, P. Fox, O. Franklin, E. Fransson, L. Frassinetti, R. Fresa, D. Frigione, T. Fülöp, M. Furseman, S. Gabriellini, D. Gadariya, S. Gadgil, K. Gál, S. Galeani, A. Galkowski, D. Gallart, M. Gambrioli, T. Gans, J. Garcia, M. García-Muñoz, L. Garzotti, J. Gaspar, R. Gatto, P. Gaudio, D. Gear, T. Gebhart, S. Gee, M. Gelfusa, R. George, S.N. Gerasimov, R. Gerru, G. Gervasini, M. Gethins, Z. Ghani, M. Gherendi, P.-I. Gherghina, F. Ghezzi, L. Giacomelli, C. Gibson, L. Gil, M.R. Gilbert, A. Gillgren, E. Giovannozzi, C. Giroud, G. Giruzzi, J. Goff, V. Goloborodko, R. Gomes, J.-F. Gomez, B. Gonçalves, M. Goniche, J. Gonzalez-Martin, A. Goodyear, S. Gore, G. Gorini, T. Görler, N. Gotts, E. Gow, J.P. Graves, J. Green, H. Greuner, E. Grigore, F. Griph, W. Gromelski, M. Groth, C. Grove, R. Grove, N. Gupta, S. Hacquin, L. Hägg, A. Hakola, M. Halitovs, J. Hall, C.J. Ham, M. Hamed, M.R. Hardman, Y. Haresawa, G. Harrer, J.R. Harrison, D. Harting, D.R. Hatch, T. Haupt, J. Hawes, N.C. Hawkes, J. Hawkins, S. Hazael, J. Hearmon, P. Heesterman, P. Heinrich, M. Held, W. Helou, O. Hemming, S.S. Henderson, R. Henriques, R.B. Henriques, D. Hepple, J. Herfindal, G. Hermon, J.C. Hillesheim, K. Hizanidis, A. Hjalmarsson, A. Ho, J. Hobirk, O. Hoenen, C. Hogben, A. Hollingsworth, S. Hollis, E. Hollmann, M. Hölzl, M. Hook, M. Hoppe, J. Horáček, N. Horsten, A. Horton, L.D. Horton, L. Horvath, S. Hotchin, Z. Hu, Z. Huang, E. Hubenov, A. Huber, V. Huber, T. Huddleston, G.T.A. Huijsmans, Y. Husain, P. Huynh, A. Hynes, D. Iglesias, M.V. Iliasova, M. Imríšek, J. Ingleby, P. Innocente, V. Ioannou-Sougleridis, N. Isernia, I. Ivanova-Stanik, E. Ivings, S. Jachmich, T. Jackson, A.S. Jacobsen, P. Jacquet, H. Järleblad, A. Järvinen, F. Jaulmes, N. Jayasekera, F. Jenko, I. Jepu, E. Joffrin, T. Johnson, J. Johnston, C. Jones, E. Jones, G. Jones, L. Jones, T.T.C. Jones, A. Joyce, M. Juvonen, A. Kallenbach, P. Kalnina, D. Kalupin, P. Kanth, A. Kantor, A. Kappatou, O. Kardaun, J. Karhunen, E. Karsakos, Ye.O. Kazakov, V. Kazantzidis, D.L. Keeling, W. Kelly, M. Kempenaars, D. Kennedy, K. Khan, E. Khilkevich, C. Kiefer, H.-T. Kim, J. Kim, S.H. Kim, D.B. King, D.J. Kinna, V.G. Kiptily, A. Kirjasuo, K.K. Kirov, A. Kirschner, T. Kiviniemi, G. Kizane, C. Klepper, A. Klix, G. Kneale, M. Knight, P. Knight, R. Knights, S. Knipe, U. Knoche, M. Knolker, M. Kocan, F. Köchl, G. Kocsis, J.T.W. Koenders, Y. Kolesnichenko, Y. Kominis, M. Kong, B. Kool, V. Korovin, S.B. Korsholm, B. Kos, D. Kos, M. Koubiti, Y. Kovtun, E. Kowalska-Strzęciwilk, K. Koziol, Y. Krasikov, A. Krasilnikov, V. Krasilnikov, M. Kresina, A. Kreter, K. Krieger, A. Krivska, U. Kruezi, I. Książek, H. Kumpulainen, B. Kurzan, S. Kwak, O.J. Kwon, B. Labit, M. Lacquaniti, A. Lagoyannis, L. Laguardia, A. Laing, V. Laksharam, N. Lam, H.T. Lambertz, B. Lane, M. Langley, E. Lascas Neto, E. Łaszyńska, K.D. Lawson, A. Lazaros, E. Lazzaro, G. Learoyd, C. Lee, K. Lee, S. Leerink, T. Leeson, X. Lefebvre, H.J. Leggate, J. Lehmann, M. Lehnen, D. Leichtle, F. Leipold, I. Lengar, M. Lennholm, E. Leon Gutierrez, L.A. Leppin, E. Lerche, A. Lescinskis, S. Lesnoj, L. Lewin, J. Lewis, J. Likonen, Ch. Linsmeier, X. Litaudon, E. Litherland-Smith, F. Liu, T. Loarer, A. Loarte, R. Lobel, B. Lomanowski, P.J. Lomas, J. Lombardo, R. Lorenzini, S. Loreti, V.P. Loschiavo, M. Loughlin, T. Lowe, C. Lowry, T. Luce, R. Lucock, T. Luda Di Cortemiglia, M. Lungaroni, C.P. Lungu, T. Lunt, V. Lutsenko, B. Lyons, J. Macdonald, E. Macusova, R. Mäenpää, H. Maier, J. Mailloux, S. Makarov, P. Manas, A. Manning, P. Mantica, M.J. Mantsinen, J. Manyer, A. Manzanares, Ph. Maquet, M. Maraschek, G. Marceca, G. Marcer, C. Marchetto, O. Marchuk, A. Mariani, G. Mariano, M. Marin, A. Marin Roldan, M. Marinelli, T. Markovič, L. Marot, C. Marren, S. Marsden, S. Marsen, J. Marsh, R. Marshall, L. Martellucci, A.J. Martin, C. Martin, R. Martone, S. Maruyama, M. Maslov, M. Mattei, G.F. Matthews, D. Matveev, E. Matveeva, A. Mauriya, F. Maviglia, M. Mayer, M.-L. Mayoral, S. Mazzi, C. Mazzotta, R. McAdams, P.J. McCarthy, P. McCullen, R. McDermott, D.C. McDonald, D. McGuckin, V. McKay, L. McNamee, A. McShee, D. Mederick, M. Medland, S. Medley, K. Meghani, A.G. Meigs, S. Meitner, S. Menmuir, K. Mergia, S. Mianowski, P. Middleton, J. Mietelski, K. Mikszuta-Michalik, D. Milanesio, E. Milani, E. Militello-Asp, F. Militello, J. Milnes, A. Milocco, S. Minucci, I. Miron, J. Mitchell, J. Mlynář, V. Moiseenko, P. Monaghan, I. Monakhov, A. Montisci, S. Moon, R. Mooney, S. Moradi, R.B. Morales, L. Morgan, F. Moro, J. Morris, T. Mrowetz, L. Msero, S. Munot, A. Muñoz-Perez, M. Muraglia, A. Murari, A. Muraro, B. N’Konga, Y.S. Na, F. Nabais, R. Naish, F. Napoli, E. Nardon, V. Naulin, M.F.F. Nave, R. Neu, S. Ng, M. Nicassio, D. Nicolai, A.H. Nielsen, S.K. Nielsen, D. Nina, C. Noble, C.R. Nobs, M. Nocente, H. Nordman, S. Nowak, H. Nyström, J. O’Callaghan, M. O’Mullane, C. O’Neill, C. Olde, H.J.C. Oliver, R. Olney, J. Ongena, G.P. Orsitto, A. Osipov, R. Otin, N. Pace, L.W. Packer, E. Pajuste, D. Palade, J. Palgrave, O. Pan, N. Panadero, T. Pandya, E. Panontin, A. Papadopoulos, G. Papadopoulos, G. Papp, V.V. Parail, A. Parsloe, K. Paschalidis, M. Passeri, A. Patel, A. Pau, G. Pautasso, R. Pavlichenko, A. Pavone, E. Pawelec, C. Paz-Soldan, A. Peacock, M. Pearce, I.J. Pearson, E. Peluso, C. Penot, K. Pepperell, A. Perdas, T. Pereira, E. Perelli Cippo, C. Perez von Thun, D. Perry, P. Petersson, G. Petravich, N. Petrella, M. Peyman, L. Pigatto, M. Pillon, S. Pinches, G. Pintsuk, C. Piron, A. Pironti, F. Pisano, R. Pitts, U. Planck, N. Platt, V. Plyusnin, M. Podesta, G. Pokol, F.M. Poli, O.G. Pompilian, M. Poradzinski, M. Porkolab, C. Porosnicu, G. Poulipoulis, A.S. Poulsen, I. Predebon, A. Previti, D. Primetzhofer, G. Provatas, G. Pucella, P. Puglia, K. Purahoo, O. Putignano, T. Pütterich, A. Quercia, G. Radulescu, V. Radulovic, R. Ragona, M. Rainford, P. Raj, M. Rasinski, D. Rasmussen, J. Rasmussen, J.J. Rasmussen, A. Raso, G. Rattá, S. Ratynskaia, R. Rayaprolu, M. Rebai, A. Redl, D. Rees, D. Réfy, R. Reichle, H. Reimerdes, B.C.G. Reman, C. Reux, S. Reynolds, D. Rigamonti, E. Righi, F.G. Rimini, J. Risner, J.F. Rivero-Rodriguez, C.M. Roach, J. Roberts, R. Robins, S. Robinson, D. Robson, S. Rode, P. Rodrigues, P. Rodriguez-Fernandez, S. Romanelli, J. Romazanov, E. Rose, C. Rose-Innes, R. Rossi, S. Rowe, D. Rowlands, C. Rowley, M. Rubel, G. Rubinacci, G. Rubino, M. Rud, J. Ruiz Ruiz, F. Ryter, S. Saarelma, A. Sahlberg, M. Salewski, A. Salmi, R. Salmon, F. Salzedas, F. Sanchez, I. Sanders, D. Sandiford, F. Sanni, O. Sauter, P. Sauvan, G. Schettini, A. Shevelev, A.A. Schekochihin, K. Schmid, B.S. Schmidt, S. Schmuck, M. Schneider, P.A. Schneider, N. Schoonheere, R. Schramm, D. Scoon, S. Scully, M. Segato, J. Seidl, L. Senni, J. Seo, G. Sergienko, M. Sertoli, S.E. Sharapov, R. Sharma, A. Shaw, R. Shaw, H. Sheikh, U. Sheikh, N. Shi, P. Shigin, D. Shiraki, G. Sias, M. Siccinio, B. Sieglin, S.A. Silburn, A. Silva, C. Silva, J. Silva, D. Silvagni, D. Simfukwe, J. Simpson, P. Sirén, A. Sirinelli, H. Sjöstrand, N. Skinner, J. Slater, T. Smart, R.D. Smirnov, N. Smith, P. Smith, T. Smith, J. Snell, L. Snoj, E.R. Solano, V. Solokha, C. Sommariva, K. Soni, M. Sos, J. Sousa, C. Sozzi, T. Spelzini, F. Spineanu, L. Spolladore, D. Spong, C. Srinivasan, G. Staebler, A. Stagni, I. Stamatelatos, M.F. Stamp, Ž. Štancar, P.A. Staniec, G. Stankūnas, M. Stead, B. Stein-Lubrano, A. Stephen, J. Stephens, P. Stevenson, C. Steventon, M. Stojanov, D.A. St-Onge, P. Strand, S. Strikwerda, C.I. Stuart, S. Sturgeon, H.J. Sun, S. Surendran, W. Suttrop, J. Svensson, J. Svoboda, R. Sweeney, G. Szepesi, M. Szoke, T. Tadić, B. Tal, T. Tala, P. Tamain, K. Tanaka, W. Tang, G. Tardini, M. Tardocchi, D. Taylor, A.S. Teimane, G. Telesca, A. Teplukhina, A. Terra, D. Terranova, N. Terranova, D. Testa, B. Thomas, V.K. Thompson, A. Thorman, A.S. Thrysoe, W. Tierens, R.A. Tinguely, A. Tipton, H. Todd, M. Tomeš, A. Tookey, P. Tsavalas, D. Tskhakaya, L.-P. Turică, A. Turner, I. Turner, M. Turner, M.M. Turner, G. Tvalashvili, A. Tykhyy, S. Tyrrell, A. Uccello, V. Udintsev, A. Vadgama, D.F. Valcarcel, A. Valentini, M. Valisa, M. Vallar, M. Valovic, M. Van Berkel, K.L. van de Plassche, M. van Rossem, D. Van Eester, J. Varela, J. Varje, T. Vasilopoulou, G. Vayakis, M. Vecsei, J. Vega, M. Veis, P. Veis, S. Ventre, M. Veranda, G. Verdoolaege, C. Verona, G. Verona Rinati, E. Veshchev, N. Vianello, E. Viezzer, L. Vignitchouk, R. Vila, R. Villari, F. Villone, P. Vincenzi, A. Vitins, Z. Vizvary, M. Vlad, I. Voldiner, U. Von Toussaint, P. Vondráček, B. Wakeling, M. Walker, R. Walker, M. Walsh, R. Walton, E. Wang, F. Warren, R. Warren, J. Waterhouse, C. Watts, T. Webster, M. Weiland, H. Weisen, M. Weiszflog, N. Wendler, A. West, M. Wheatley, S. Whetham, A. Whitehead, D. Whittaker, A. Widdowson, S. Wiesen, M. Willensdorfer, J. Williams, I. Wilson, T. Wilson, M. Wischmeier, A. Withycombe, D. Witts, A. Wojcik-Gargula, E. Wolfrum, R. Wood, R. Woodley, R. Worrall, I. Wyss, T. Xu, D. Yadykin, Y. Yakovenko, Y. Yang, V. Yanovskiy, R. Yi, I. Young, R. Young, B. Zaar, R.J. Zabolockis, L. Zakharov, P. Zanca, A. Zarins, D. Zarzoso Fernandez, K.-D. Zastrow, Y. Zayachuk, M. Zerbini, W. Zhang, B. Zimmermann, M. Zlobinski, A. Zocco, V.K. Zotta, M. Zuin, W. Zwingmann, and I. Zychor

Subjects
magnetic fusion, JET-ILW, D–T, tritium, alpha particles, fusion prediction, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

In 2021 JET exploited its unique capabilities to operate with T and D–T fuel with an ITER-like Be/W wall (JET-ILW). This second major JET D–T campaign (DTE2), after DTE1 in 1997, represented the culmination of a series of JET enhancements—new fusion diagnostics, new T injection capabilities, refurbishment of the T plant, increased auxiliary heating, in-vessel calibration of 14 MeV neutron yield monitors—as well as significant advances in plasma theory and modelling in the fusion community. DTE2 was complemented by a sequence of isotope physics campaigns encompassing operation in pure tritium at high T-NBI power. Carefully conducted for safe operation with tritium, the new T and D–T experiments used 1 kg of T (vs 100 g in DTE1), yielding the most fusion reactor relevant D–T plasmas to date and expanding our understanding of isotopes and D–T mixture physics. Furthermore, since the JET T and DTE2 campaigns occurred almost 25 years after the last major D–T tokamak experiment, it was also a strategic goal of the European fusion programme to refresh operational experience of a nuclear tokamak to prepare staff for ITER operation. The key physics results of the JET T and DTE2 experiments, carried out within the EUROfusion JET1 work package, are reported in this paper. Progress in the technological exploitation of JET D–T operations, development and validation of nuclear codes, neutronic tools and techniques for ITER operations carried out by EUROfusion (started within the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme and continuing under the Horizon Europe FP) are reported in (Litaudon et al Nucl. Fusion accepted), while JET experience on T and D–T operations is presented in (King et al Nucl. Fusion submitted).

Published
2024
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6. Optimisation of the poloidal field system for advanced divertor configurations in STEP

Author

A. Hudoba, S. Bakes, G. Cunningham, S. Henderson, F. Eriksson, S. Marsden, T. Wilson, and the STEP Team

Subjects
plasma equilibrium, STEP, advanced divertor, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

The power exhaust proves to be one of the most challenging and concept–defining aspects in the design of a commercial fusion power plant, while the magnetic coil system, capable of supporting advanced exhaust solutions, emerges as one of the main design and cost drivers. Consequently, much effort should be dedicated to the optimisation of a robust global magnetic configuration, which integrates both the plasma and edge scenarios, while ensuring engineering feasibility and compatibility with the available technology. Here we present a multidisciplinary framework employed to analyse, evaluate, and optimise the Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP) equilibrium configuration, coupled with a viable divertor solution, and a compatible poloidal field coil system. The complexity of this task leads to a multitude of potentially conflicting requirements and competing constraints. We identify interfaces and conflicts between the aspects of the design that were previously considered independently, and highlight the key benefits, trends, and trade–offs between alternative configurations. We demonstrate that advanced exhaust solutions, simultaneously applied to both inboard and outboard divertors, are accessible with feasible coil sets under conditions relevant for STEP. We show that the most promising inner–X geometry, paired with the outer super–X configuration, can significantly enhance divertor’s power handling capability, allowing access to stable detached regimes. The coil set feasibility is further assessed considering its compatibility with the assumed plasma initiation scenario, and with the most demanding plasma current density profiles utilising alternative heating and current drive schemes.

Published
2024
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7. Simulations of the stationary Q = 10 and the exit phase from the flat-top of an ITER 15MA baseline scenario: predictive JINTRAC simulation with a consistent treatment of D and T in the whole plasma

Author

F. Eriksson, E. Tholerus, G. Corrigan, Y. Baranov, X. Bonnin, D. Farina, L. Figini, L. Garzotti, S.H. Kim, F. Koechl, A. Loarte, E. Militello Asp, C. Olde, V. Parail, S.D. Pinches, A. Polevoi, and P. Strand

Subjects
ITER, integrated modelling, JINTRAC, scenario development, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Designing a robust termination scenario for a burning ITER plasma is a challenge that requires extensive core plasma and divertor modelling. The presented work consists of coupled core/edge/SOL/divertor simulations, performed with the JINTRAC code, to study the Q = 10 flat-top phase and exit phase of the ITER 15 MA/5.3 T DT scenario. The modelling utilizes the recently implemented option to treat deuterium and tritium separately in the SOL/divertor, enabling a consistent treatment of deuterium and tritium in the whole plasma volume, which is a unique capability of JINTRAC. In addition, these are the first JINTRAC simulations of this scenario that use a first-principles transport model to self-consistently model the ECRH power deposition and to include tungsten while keeping track of tungsten sputtering and accumulation. The flat-top simulations demonstrate the possibility of sustaining a steady state fusion Q of 10 using pure deuterium gas puffs together with DT mixed pellets, which is an option to make a more effective use of tritium. Simulations of the exit phase are set up sequentially, with each phase providing initial conditions for the next, starting with a density decay at full current and auxiliary power, and demonstrate the possibility of reducing the density robustly within a few seconds. Following the density decay, a subsequent auxiliary power ramp-down in H-mode is performed with a late H–L transition at low auxiliary power, which may provide an option for the optimization of the plasma termination. The final ramp-down phase consists of a current ramp-down in L-mode to 3.75 MA.

Published
2024
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8. Global scaling of the heat transport in fusion plasmas

Author

Sara Moradi, Johan Anderson, Michele Romanelli, Hyun-Tae Kim, JET contributors, X. Litaudon, S. Abduallev, M. Abhangi, P. Abreu, M. Afzal, K. M. Aggarwal, T. Ahlgren, J. H. Ahn, L. Aho-Mantila, N. Aiba, M. Airila, R. Albanese, V. Aldred, D. Alegre, E. Alessi, P. Aleynikov, A. Alfier, A. Alkseev, M. Allinson, B. Alper, E. Alves, G. Ambrosino, R. Ambrosino, L. Amicucci, V. Amosov, E. Andersson Sundén, M. Angelone, M. Anghel, C. Angioni, L. Appel, C. Appelbee, P. Arena, M. Ariola, H. Arnichand, S. Arshad, A. Ash, N. Ashikawa, V. Aslanyan, O. Asunta, F. Auriemma, Y. Austin, L. Avotina, M. D. Axton, C. Ayres, M. Bacharis, A. Baciero, D. Baião, S. Bailey, A. Baker, I. Balboa, M. Balden, N. Balshaw, R. Bament, J. W. Banks, Y. F. Baranov, M. A. Barnard, D. Barnes, M. Barnes, R. Barnsley, A. Baron Wiechec, L. Barrera Orte, M. Baruzzo, V. Basiuk, M. Bassan, R. Bastow, A. Batista, P. Batistoni, R. Baughan, B. Bauvir, L. Baylor, B. Bazylev, J. Beal, P. S. Beaumont, M. Beckers, B. Beckett, A. Becoulet, N. Bekris, M. Beldishevski, K. Bell, F. Belli, M. Bellinger, É. Belonohy, N. Ben Ayed, N. A. Benterman, H. Bergsȧker, J. Bernardo, M. Bernert, M. Berry, L. Bertalot, C. Besliu, M. Beurskens, B. Bieg, J. Bielecki, T. Biewer, M. Bigi, P. Bìlkovà, F. Binda, A. Bisoffi, J. P. S. Bizarro, C. Björkas, J. Blackburn, K. Blackman, T. R. Blackman, P. Blanchard, P. Blatchford, V. Bobkov, A. Boboc, G. Bodnàr, O. Bogar, I. Bolshakova, T. Bolzonella, N. Bonanomi, F. Bonelli, J. Boom, J. Booth, D. Borba, D. Borodin, I. Borodkina, A. Botrugno, C. Bottereau, P. Boulting, C. Bourdelle, M. Bowden, C. Bower, C. Bowman, T. Boyce, C. Boyd, H. J. Boyer, J. M. A. Bradshaw, V. Braic, R. Bravanec, B. Breizman, S. Bremond, P. D. Brennan, S. Breton, A. Brett, S. Brezinsek, M. D. J. Bright, M. Brix, W. Broeckx, M. Brombin, A. Brosawski, D. P. D. Brown, M. Brown, E. Bruno, J. Bucalossi, J. Buch, J. Buchanan, M. A. Buckley, R. Budny, H. Bufferand, M. Bulman, N. Bulmer, P. Bunting, P. Buratti, A. 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Leddy, S. Lee, X. Lefebvre, H. J. Leggate, J. Lehmann, M. Lehnen, D. Leichtle, P. Leichuer, F. Leipold, I. Lengar, M. Lennholm, E. Lerche, A. Lescinskis, S. Lesnoj, E. Letellier, M. Leyland, W. Leysen, L. Li, Y. Liang, J. Likonen, J. Linke, Ch. Linsmeier, B. Lipschultz, G. Liu, Y. Liu, V. P. Lo Schiavo, T. Loarer, A. Loarte, R. C. Lobel, B. Lomanowski, P. J. Lomas, J. Lönnroth, J. M. López, J. López-Razola, R. Lorenzini, U. Losada, J. J. Lovell, A. B. Loving, C. Lowry, T. Luce, R. M. A. Lucock, A. Lukin, C. Luna, M. Lungaroni, C. P. Lungu, M. Lungu, A. Lunniss, I. Lupelli, A. Lyssoivan, N. Macdonald, P. Macheta, K. Maczewa, B. Magesh, P. Maget, C. Maggi, H. Maier, J. Mailloux, T. Makkonen, R. Makwana, A. Malaquias, A. Malizia, P. Manas, A. Manning, M. E. Manso, P. Mantica, M. Mantsinen, A. Manzanares, Ph. Maquet, Y. Marandet, N. Marcenko, C. Marchetto, O. Marchuk, M. Marinelli, M. Marinucci, T. Markovic, D. Marocco, L. Marot, C. A. Marren, R. Marshal, A. Martin, Y. Martin, A. Martín de Aguilera, F. J. Martínez, J. R. Martín-Solís, Y. Martynova, S. Maruyama, A. Masiello, M. Maslov, S. Matejcik, M. Mattei, G. F. Matthews, F. Maviglia, M. Mayer, M. L. Mayoral, T. May-Smith, D. Mazon, C. Mazzotta, R. McAdams, P. J. McCarthy, K. G. McClements, O. McCormack, P. A. McCullen, D. McDonald, S. McIntosh, R. McKean, J. McKehon, R. C. Meadows, A. Meakins, F. Medina, M. Medland, S. Medley, S. Meigh, A. G. Meigs, G. Meisl, S. Meitner, L. Meneses, S. Menmuir, K. Mergia, I. R. Merrigan, Ph. Mertens, S. Meshchaninov, A. Messiaen, H. Meyer, S. Mianowski, R. Michling, D. Middleton-Gear, J. Miettunen, F. Militello, E. Militello-Asp, G. Miloshevsky, F. Mink, S. Minucci, Y. Miyoshi, J. Mlynàr, D. Molina, I. Monakhov, M. Moneti, R. Mooney, S. Moradi, S. Mordijck, L. Moreira, R. Moreno, F. Moro, A. W. Morris, J. Morris, L. Moser, S. Mosher, D. Moulton, A. Murari, A. Muraro, S. Murphy, N. N. Asakura, Y. S. Na, F. Nabais, R. Naish, T. Nakano, E. Nardon, V. Naulin, M. F. F. Nave, I. Nedzelski, G. Nemtsev, F. Nespoli, A. Neto, R. Neu, V. S. Neverov, M. Newman, K. J. Nicholls, T. Nicolas, A. H. Nielsen, P. Nielsen, E. Nilsson, D. Nishijima, C. Noble, M. Nocente, D. Nodwell, K. Nordlund, H. Nordman, R. Nouailletas, I. Nunes, M. Oberkofler, T. Odupitan, M. T. Ogawa, T. O'Gorman, M. Okabayashi, R. Olney, O. Omolayo, M. O'Mullane, J. Ongena, F. Orsitto, J. Orszagh, B. I. Oswuigwe, R. Otin, A. Owen, R. Paccagnella, N. Pace, D. Pacella, L. W. Packer, A. Page, E. Pajuste, S. Palazzo, S. Pamela, S. Panja, P. Papp, R. Paprok, V. Parail, M. Park, F. Parra Diaz, M. Parsons, R. Pasqualotto, A. Patel, S. Pathak, D. Paton, H. Patten, A. Pau, E. Pawelec, C. Paz Soldan, A. Peackoc, I. J. Pearson, S.-P. Pehkonen, E. Peluso, C. Penot, A. Pereira, R. Pereira, P. P. Pereira Puglia, C. Perez von Thun, S. Peruzzo, S. Peschanyi, M. Peterka, P. Petersson, G. Petravich, A. Petre, N. Petrella, V. Petrzilka, Y. Peysson, D. Pfefferlé, V. Philipps, M. Pillon, G. Pintsuk, P. Piovesan, A. Pires dos Reis, L. Piron, A. Pironti, F. Pisano, R. Pitts, F. Pizzo, V. Plyusnin, N. Pomaro, O. G. Pompilian, P. J. Pool, S. Popovichev, M. T. Porfiri, C. Porosnicu, M. Porton, G. Possnert, S. Potzel, T. Powell, J. Pozzi, V. Prajapati, R. Prakash, G. Prestopino, D. Price, M. Price, R. Price, P. Prior, R. Proudfoot, G. Pucella, P. Puglia, M. E. Puiatti, D. Pulley, K. Purahoo, Th. Pütterich, E. Rachlew, M. Rack, R. Ragona, M. S. J. Rainford, A. Rakha, G. Ramogida, S. Ranjan, C. J. Rapson, J. J. Rasmussen, K. Rathod, G. Rattà, S. Ratynskaia, G. Ravera, C. Rayner, M. Rebai, D. Reece, A. Reed, D. Réfy, B. Regan, J. Regana, M. Reich, N. Reid, F. Reimold, M. Reinhart, M. Reinke, D. Reiser, D. Rendell, C. Reux, S. D. A. Reyes Cortes, S. Reynolds, V. Riccardo, N. Richardson, K. Riddle, D. Rigamonti, F. G. Rimini, J. Risner, M. Riva, C. Roach, R. J. Robins, S. A. Robinson, T. Robinson, D. W. Robson, R. Roccella, R. Rodionov, P. Rodrigues, J. Rodriguez, V. Rohde, F. Romanelli, M. Romanelli, S. 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Ul-Abidin, J. Uljanovs, D. Ulyatt, H. Urano, I. Uytdenhouwen, A. P. Vadgama, D. Valcarcel, M. Valentinuzzi, M. Valisa, P. Vallejos Olivares, M. Valovic, M. Van De Mortel, D. Van Eester, W. Van Renterghem, G. J. van Rooij, J. Varje, S. Varoutis, S. Vartanian, K. Vasava, T. Vasilopoulou, J. Vega, G. Verdoolaege, R. Verhoeven, C. Verona, G. Verona Rinati, E. Veshchev, N. Vianello, J. Vicente, E. Viezzer, S. Villari, F. Villone, P. Vincenzi, I. Vinyar, B. Viola, A. Vitins, Z. Vizvary, M. Vlad, I. Voitsekhovitch, P. Vondràcek, N. Vora, T. Vu, W. W. Pires de Sa, B. Wakeling, C. W. F. Waldon, N. Walkden, M. Walker, R. Walker, M. Walsh, E. Wang, N. Wang, S. Warder, R. J. Warren, J. Waterhouse, N. W. Watkins, C. Watts, T. Wauters, A. Weckmann, J. Weiland, H. Weisen, M. Weiszflog, C. Wellstood, A. T. West, M. R. Wheatley, S. Whetham, A. M. Whitehead, B. D. Whitehead, A. M. Widdowson, S. Wiesen, J. Wilkinson, J. Williams, M. Williams, A. R. Wilson, D. J. Wilson, H. R. Wilson, J. Wilson, M. Wischmeier, G. Withenshaw, A. Withycombe, D. M. Witts, D. Wood, R. Wood, C. Woodley, S. Wray, J. Wright, J. C. Wright, J. Wu, S. Wukitch, A. Wynn, T. Xu, D. Yadikin, W. Yanling, L. Yao, V. Yavorskij, M. G. Yoo, C. Young, D. Young, I. D. Young, R. Young, J. Zacks, R. Zagorski, F. S. Zaitsev, R. Zanino, A. Zarins, K. D. Zastrow, M. Zerbini, W. Zhang, Y. Zhou, E. Zilli, V. Zoita, S. Zoletnik, and I. Zychor

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

A global heat flux model based on a fractional derivative of plasma pressure is proposed for the heat transport in fusion plasmas. The degree of the fractional derivative of the heat flux, α, is defined through the power balance analysis of the steady state. The model was used to obtain the experimental values of α for a large database of the Joint European Torus (JET) carbon-wall as well as ITER like-wall plasmas. The fractional degrees of the electron heat flux are found to be α

Published
2020
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10. Human hexokinase II gene: exon-intron organization, mutation screening in NIDDM, and its relationship to muscle hexokinase activity

Author

M M Le Beau, X. Huang, E. Laurila, K. F. Eriksson, Leif Groop, Elizabeth M. Davis, Markku Lehto, and Graeme I. Bell

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, DNA Mutational Analysis, Molecular Sequence Data, Restriction Mapping, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Isozyme, Impaired glucose tolerance, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Insulin resistance, Hexokinase, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Muscle, Skeletal, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational, Aged, DNA Primers, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, Polymorphism, Genetic, Base Sequence, Skeletal muscle, Exons, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Introns, Isoenzymes, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, chemistry, Female, Insulin Resistance, Pseudogenes
Abstract

In muscle, hexokinase II (HK2) regulates phosphorylation of glucose to glucose 6-phosphate, which has been reported to be impaired in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Here we report decreased HK2 enzyme activity in skeletal muscle biopsies from patients with impaired glucose tolerance compared with healthy control subjects (2.7 +/- 0.9 vs 4.9 +/- 1.1 nmol.min-1.mg protein-1). Therefore, mutations in the HK2 gene could contribute to skeletal muscle insulin resistance in NIDDM. To address this question, we first determined the exon-intron structure of the human HK2 gene and using this information, we screened all 18 exons with single-strand conformation polymorphism technique in 80 Finnish NIDDM patients. Nine nucleotide substitutions were found, one of which was a missense mutation (Gln142-His142) in exon 4. In human muscle, a single HK2 mRNA transcript with a size of approximately 5500 nucleotides was detected with Northern blot analysis. We also describe an HK2 pseudogene (HK2P1), which was mapped to chromosome 4, band q26, by fluorescence in situ hybridization to metaphase chromosomes. The clinical characteristics and HK2 enzyme activities of the subjects with either Gln or His at residue 142 did not differ from each other. Instead, HK2 activity correlated inversely with fasting blood glucose levels, suggesting that changes in HK2 activity could be secondary to other metabolic abnormalities (r = 0.55; p0.0003; n = 39). In conclusion; the data suggest that impaired HK2 activity in prediabetic individuals is a consequence of impaired glucose tolerance rather than of a genetic abnormality. The data thus seem to rule out mutations in the HK2 gene as a major cause of inherited insulin resistance in NIDDM.

Published
1995
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11. Telomere length in blood and skeletal muscle in relation to measures of glycaemia and insulinaemia

Author

S, Ahmad, A, Heraclides, Q, Sun, T, Elgzyri, T, Rönn, C, Ling, B, Isomaa, K-F, Eriksson, L, Groop, P W, Franks, and O, Hansson

Subjects
Adult, Blood Glucose, Glycated Hemoglobin, Male, Fasting, Telomere, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Article, Body Mass Index, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Leukocytes, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Muscle, Skeletal
Abstract

Skeletal muscle is a major metabolic organ and plays important roles in glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and insulin action. Muscle telomere length reflects the myocyte's exposure to harmful environmental factors. Leukocyte telomere length is considered a marker of muscle telomere length and is used in epidemiologic studies to assess associations with ageing-related diseases where muscle physiology is important. However, the extent to which leucocyte and muscle telomere length are correlated is unknown, as are their relative correlations with glucose and insulin concentrations. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of these relationships.Leucocyte and muscle telomere length were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in participants from the Malmö Exercise Intervention (n = 27) and the Prevalence, Prediction and Prevention of Diabetes-Botnia studies (n = 31). Participants in both studies were free from Type 2 diabetes. We assessed the association between leucocyte telomere length, muscle telomere length and metabolic traits using Spearmen correlations and multivariate linear regression. Bland-Altman analysis was used to assess agreement between leucocyte and muscle telomere length.In age-, study-, diabetes family history- and sex-adjusted models, leucocyte and muscle telomere length were positively correlated (r = 0.39, 95% CI 0.15-0.59). Leucocyte telomere length was inversely associated with 2-h glucose concentrations (r = -0.58, 95% CI -1.0 to -0.16), but there was no correlation between muscle telomere length and 2-h glucose concentrations (r = 0.05, 95% CI -0.35 to 0.46) or between leucocyte or muscle telomere length with other metabolic traits.In summary, the current study supports the use of leucocyte telomere length as a proxy for muscle telomere length in epidemiological studies of Type 2 diabetes aetiology.

Published
2012

12. Homocysteine is related to neopterin and endothelin-1 in plasma of subjects with disturbed glucose metabolism and reference subjects

Author

A. Gottsäter, I. Anwaar, K.-F. Eriksson, I. Mattiasson, F. Lindgärde, and Anders Gottsäter

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Hyperhomocysteinemia, Homocysteine, Endothelium, Prostacyclin, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Carbohydrate metabolism, Neopterin, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Glucose Intolerance, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Endothelin-1, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Endothelin 1, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Hemoglobin, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for vascular disease. In order to evaluate relations between hyperhomocysteinemia and endothelial and leukocyte function, the investigators related homocysteine to indices of endothelial function (plasma endothelin-1 [p-ET-1] and intraplatelet levels of the nitric oxide [NO] and prostacyclin mediators 3'-5' guanosine monophosphate [cGMP] and cyclic 3'-5' adenosine monophosphate [cAMP]) and the monocyte-derived inflammatory mediator neopterin in 168 men (mean age 69, range 49-72 years) with disturbed glucose metabolism and a reference group of 52 male subjects (mean age 70, range 61-79 years). Among the 168 patients with disturbed glucose metabolism plasma (p)-homocysteine correlated signifi cantly with age (r=0.20; p < 0.01), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (r=0.17; p < 0.05), triglycerides (r=0.20; p

Published
2000

13. Lista das espécies de Hippoboscoidea (Diptera) no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

Author

Gustavo Graciolli, Luiz Felipe A. C. Carvalho, Alan F. Eriksson, Camila de Lima Silva, and Daniel M. C. Alcântara

Subjects
Programa Biota-MS, Cerrado, Pantanal, Floresta Atlântica, hospedeiro, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

RESUMO Uma listagem das espécies de Hippoboscidae, Nycteribiidae e Streblidae, seus hospedeiros e localidades no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, baseada em dados de literatura e no acervo de coleções científicas, é apresentada. Cinquenta e três espécies são registradas, sendo Xenotrichobius noctilionis Wenzel, 1976 reportada pela primeira vez no Brasil.

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14. Lista das espécies de Hippoboscoidea (Diptera) no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil.

Author

Graciolli, Gustavo, A. C. Carvalho, Luiz Felipe, F. Eriksson, Alan, de Lima Silva, Camila, and M. C. Alcântara, Daniel

Abstract

Copyright of Iheringia. Série Zoologia is the property of Fundacao Zoobotanica do Rio Grande do Sul and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2017
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15. Persistent postoperative complaints after whole sural nerve biopsies in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects

Author

L B, Dahlin, K F, Eriksson, and G, Sundkvist

Subjects
Adult, Male, Time Factors, Diabetic Neuropathies, Sural Nerve, Reference Values, Biopsy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Middle Aged, Aged, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

The postoperative effects of a whole sural nerve biopsy in diabetic (11) and non-diabetic (10 healthy controls, 10 patients with impaired glucose tolerance and 2 patients with polyneuropathy) subjects were investigated by a mailed questionnaire 20-44 months after the surgical procedure (10/11 vs 21/22 answers received). Pain in the biopsy area at follow-up was reported in 4/10 of the diabetic patients (p = 0.01) but in none of the non-diabetic subjects (0/21). An increased number (p = 0.01) of diabetic patients (5/10 vs 1/21) had cold intolerance in their foot or leg whereas 11/31 of all patients had dysaesthesia in the affected skin. Overall 6/31 patients described serious problems at the time of the questionnaire, and 4 of this 6 having diabetes. Loss of sensation was reported in almost all subjects irrespective of diabetes or not; however, a decrease in the area of loss of sensation was reported most often in diabetic patients (8/10 vs 8/21, p = 0.02). It is concluded that whole surval nerve biopsies give rise to persistent problems both in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. The reason for a sural nerve biopsy has always to be carefully considered before being conducted.

Published
1997

16. Density peaking in JET—determined by fuelling or transport?

Author

T. Tala, H. Nordman, A. Salmi, C. Bourdelle, J. Citrin, A. Czarnecka, F. Eriksson, E. Fransson, C. Giroud, J. Hillesheim, C. Maggi, P. Mantica, A. Mariani, M. Maslov, L. Meneses, S. Menmuir, S. Mordijck, V. Naulin, M. Oberparleiter, and G. Sips

Subjects
ELECTRON density, ELECTRON distribution, PLASMA jets, ELECTRON transport, NEUTRAL beams, DENSITY, DEUTERIUM
Abstract

Core density profile peaking and electron particle transport have been extensively studied by performing several dimensionless collisionality (υ*) scans with other matched dimensionless profiles in various plasma operation scenarios on the Joint European Torus (JET). This is the first time when electron particle transport coefficients in the H-mode have been measured on JET with high resolution diagnostics, and therefore we are in a position to distinguish between the neutral beam injection (NBI) source and inward electron particle pinch in contributing to core density peaking. The NBI particle source is found to contribute typically 50%–60% to the electron density peaking in JET H-mode plasmas where Te/Ti ~ 1 or smaller and at υ*  =  0.1–0.5 (averaged between r/a  =  0.3–0.8), and being independent of υ* within that range. In these H-mode plasmas, the electron particle transport coefficients, De and ve, are small, thus giving rise to the large influence of NBI fueling with respect to transport effect on peaking. In L-mode plasma conditions, the role of the NBI source is small, typically 10%–20%, and the electron particle transport coefficients are large. These dimensionless υ* scans give the best possible data for model validation. TGLF simulations are in good agreement with the experimental results with respect to the role of NBI particle source versus inward pinch in affecting density peaking, both for the H-mode and L-mode υ* scans. It predicts, similarly to experimental results, that typically about half of the peaking originates from the NBI fuelling in the H-mode and 10%–20% in the L-mode. GENE simulation results also support the key role of NBI fuelling in causing a peaked density profile in JET H-mode plasma (Te/Ti ~ 1 and υ*  =  0.1–0.5) and, in fact, give an even higher weight on NBI fuelling than that experimentally observed or predicted by TGLF. For the non-fuelled H-mode plasma at higher Te/Ti  =  1.5 and lower βN and υ*, both TGLF and GENE predict peaked density profiles, therefore agreeing well with experimental steady-state density peaking. Overall, the various modelling results give a fairly good confidence in using TGLF and GENE in predicting density peaking in quite a wide range of plasma conditions in JET. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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17. Interpretative and predictive modelling of Joint European Torus collisionality scans.

Author

F Eriksson, E Fransson, M Oberparleiter, H Nordman, P Strand, A Salmi, T Tala, and Contributors, JET

Subjects
*TORUS, *PREDICTION models, *NEUTRAL beams, *ELECTROMAGNETIC pulses, *COMPUTATIONAL electromagnetics
Abstract

Transport modelling of Joint European Torus (JET) dimensionless collisionality scaling experiments in various operational scenarios is presented. Interpretative simulations at a fixed radial position are combined with predictive JETTO simulations of temperatures and densities, using the TGLF transport model. The model includes electromagnetic effects and collisions as well as shear in Miller geometry. Focus is on particle transport and the role of the neutral beam injection (NBI) particle source for the density peaking. The experimental 3-point collisionality scans include L-mode, and H-mode (D and H and higher beta D plasma) plasmas in a total of 12 discharges. Experimental results presented in (Tala et al 2017 44th EPS Conf.) indicate that for the H-mode scans, the NBI particle source plays an important role for the density peaking, whereas for the L-mode scan, the influence of the particle source is small. In general, both the interpretative and predictive transport simulations support the experimental conclusions on the role of the NBI particle source for the 12 JET discharges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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18. Impact of fast ions on density peaking in JET: fluid and gyrokinetic modeling.

Author

F Eriksson, M Oberparleiter, A Skyman, H Nordman, P Strand, A Salmi, T Tala, and Contributors, JET

Subjects
*FAST ions, *ION bombardment, *ELECTRON distribution, *NEUTRAL beams, *DENSITY, *ION temperature
Abstract

The effect of fast ions on turbulent particle transport, driven by ion temperature gradient (ITG)/trapped electron mode turbulence, is studied. Two neutral beam injection (NBI) heated JET discharges in different regimes are analyzed at the radial position ρt = 0.6, one of them an L-mode and the other one an H-mode discharge. Results obtained from the computationally efficient fluid model EDWM and the gyro-fluid model TGLF are compared to linear and nonlinear gyrokinetic GENE simulations as well as the experimentally obtained density peaking. In these models, the fast ions are treated as a dynamic species with a Maxwellian background distribution. The dependence of the zero particle flux density gradient (peaking factor) on fast ion density, temperature and corresponding gradients, is investigated. The simulations show that the inclusion of a fast ion species has a stabilizing influence on the ITG mode and reduces the peaking of the main ion and electron density profiles in the absence of sources. The models mostly reproduce the experimentally obtained density peaking for the L-mode discharge whereas the H-mode density peaking is significantly underpredicted, indicating the importance of the NBI particle source for the H-mode density profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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19. Isotope identity experiments in JET-ILW with H and D L-mode plasmas.

Author

C.F. Maggi, H. Weisen, F.J. Casson, F. Auriemma, R. Lorenzini, H. Nordman, E. Delabie, F. Eriksson, J. Flanagan, D. Keeling, D. King, L. Horvath, S. Menmuir, A. Salmi, G. Sips, T. Tala, I. Voitsekhovich, and Contributors, JET

Subjects
ISOTOPES, HEAT, PLASMA confinement, ION temperature
Abstract

NBI-heated L-mode plasmas have been obtained in JET with the Be/W ITER-like wall (JET-ILW) in H and D, with matched profiles of the dimensionless plasma parameters, ρ*, ν*, β and q in the plasma core confinement region and same Ti/Te and Zeff. The achieved isotope identity indicates that the confinement scale invariance principle is satisfied in the core confinement region of these plasmas, where the dominant instabilities are Ion Temperature Gradient (ITG) modes. The dimensionless thermal energy confinement time, ΩiτE,th, and the scaled core plasma heat diffusivity, A χeff/BT, are identical in H and D within error bars, indicating lack of isotope mass dependence of the dimensionless L-mode thermal energy confinement time in JET-ILW. Predictive flux driven simulations with JETTO-TGLF of the H and D identity pair is in very good agreement with experiment for both isotopes: the stiff core heat transport, typical of JET-ILW NBI heated L-modes, overcomes the local gyro-Bohm scaling of gradient-driven TGLF, explaining the lack of isotope mass dependence in the confinement region of these plasmas. The effect of E  ×  B shearing on the predicted heat and particle transport channels is found to be negligible for these low beta and low momentum input plasmas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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21. Microstructure and thermoelectric properties of CrN and CrN/Cr2N thin films.

Author

S Schmidt, F Eriksson, J Lu, A le Febvrier, C Pallier, P Eklund, M A Gharavi, S Kerdsongpanya, N V Nong, B Balke, D Fournier, and L Belliard

Subjects
*CHROMIUM compounds, *ELECTRIC properties of thin films, *METAL microstructure, *THERMOELECTRICITY, *THERMAL conductivity, *SEEBECK coefficient, *ELECTRICAL resistivity
Abstract

CrN thin films with an N/Cr ratio of 95% were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering onto (0 0 0 1) sapphire substrates. X-ray diffraction and pole figure texture analysis show CrN (1 1 1) epitaxial growth in a twin domain fashion. By changing the nitrogen versus argon gas flow mixture and the deposition temperature, thin films with different surface morphologies ranging from grainy rough textures to flat and smooth films were prepared. These parameters can also affect the CrNx system, with the film compound changing between semiconducting CrN and metallic Cr2N through the regulation of the nitrogen content of the gas flow and the deposition temperature at a constant deposition pressure. Thermoelectric measurements (electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient), scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy imaging confirm the changing electrical resistivity between 0.75 and 300 , the changing Seebeck coefficient values between 140 and 230 , and the differences in surface morphology and microstructure as higher temperatures result in lower electrical resistivity while gas flow mixtures with higher nitrogen content result in single phase cubic CrN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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22. Deep neural networks for plasma tomography with applications to JET and COMPASS

Author

J. Denis, M. Tardocchi, Kiptily, M. Koubiti, M. Ghate, R. Michling, G. De Masi, T. Tala, M. Bassan, R. McAdams, S. Dowson, Antoine Merle, Seppo Koivuranta, O. J. Kwon, S. Mahesan, P. Sparapani, A. Malaquias, M. Tsalas, Gennady V. Miloshevsky, M. Vecsei, Michal Stano, E. Lerche, Štefan Matejčík, Piergiorgio Sonato, S. D. Pinches, A. Dal Molin, O. McCormack, B. Colling, F. Mink, Ph. Mertens, P. Drewelow, Nuno Cruz, D. Iglesias, Alessandro Zocco, K. Rathod, S. Collins, F. Koechl, James Buchanan, Andrew West, Francesco Maviglia, E. Stefanikova, David Taylor, B. Graham, T. Lunt, S. Meshchaninov, Arturo Buscarino, G. L. Ravera, Maide Bucolo, J. P. Thomas, S. Foley, B. Wakeling, N. Ashikawa, D. W. Robson, N. J. Conway, V. P. Lo Schiavo, Stefan Buller, Sergey Popovichev, M. Saleem, Jorge Luis Rodriguez, M. Wheatley, Gabriele Croci, Hugo Bufferand, J.F. Artaud, R. C. Felton, O. Kovanda, D. Hepple, K. Dylst, Gabor Szepesi, M. Oberkofler, G.J. van Rooij, N. Teplova, Istvan Cziegler, K. K. Kirov, S. Vartanian, Y. Xue, D. Nina, J. Bernardo, Lorenzo Figini, Guglielmo Rubinacci, Peter Lang, R. Scannell, N. C. Hawkes, P. Denner, Istvan Pusztai, D. D. Carvalho, Salvatore Ventre, A. Lescinskis, Afanasev, C. Hamlyn-Harris, Panagiotis Tolias, R. Vale, T. O'Gorman, S. Lesnoj, I.E. Day, Karol Malinowski, D. Carralero, N. Balshaw, Massimo Angelone, Michaele Freisinger, I. Monakhov, Jesús Vega, Jonathan Citrin, Antti Hakola, H. Patten, P. A. Simmons, Y. Austin, Sehyun Kwak, J. Regana, Rohde, T. Eich, A. Alkseev, R. Lawless, C. G. Elsmore, Fusco, S. Hacquin, S. A. Silburn, A. Fernades, Luigi Fortuna, P. Bunting, R. Sartori, Yuji Hatano, D. Borodin, L. Colas, Daniele Marocco, M. Lennholm, Carlo Sozzi, J. J. Rasmussen, P. McCullen, Tommy Ahlgren, A. Kirschner, Thomas Johnson, M. Rack, Göran Ericsson, Hans Nordman, Jakub Bielecki, P. Merriman, M. Cavedon, G. Hermon, Geert Verdoolaege, K. J. Gibson, Daisuke Nishijima, R. Clarkson, Fuchs, M. Tomes, R. Zagórski, Gerald Pintsuk, W. Higginson, Daniel F. Valcarcel, R. Mooney, K. Dawson, A. Tallargio, T.H. Osborne, P. J. Carvalho, M. Gethins, R. Dux, Pierre Dumortier, G. Urbanczyk, Inessa Bolshakova, R. King, B. Tal, Daniel Tegnered, J. W. Coenen, Leena Aho-Mantila, Eva Belonohy, S. Schmuck, Kai Nordlund, Grégoire Hornung, G. Tvalashvili, M. De Bock, Y. Baranov, G. De Tommasi, A. Urban, L. Forsythe, I. Zychor, J. Dobrashian, E. Clark, Paolo Arena, Alessia Santucci, Ivan Lupelli, S. Nowak, M. Curuia, Jonathan Graves, J. C. Hillesheim, Claudio Verona, Zoita, S. Moon, C. Castaldo, A.V. Stephen, Karl Schmid, A. Sahlberg, C. Di Troia, R. Woodley, L. Garzotti, D. Sandiford, Matthew M. Knight, Juho Leppänen, S. Emery, O. G. Pompilian, M. Goniche, C. Luna, M. Mayer, M. Baruzzo, A. Weckmann, M. Kempenaars, S. Hazel, Fabio Pisano, Claudia Corradino, A. G. Meigs, P. Leichauer, S. Potzel, Stéphane Devaux, C. Piron, G. Saibene, David A Rasmussen, Bruce Lipschultz, A. Di Siena, E. Lazzaro, J. Deane, C. Meadowcroft, C. J. Rapson, K.-D. Zastrow, Ph. Duckworth, Tom Wauters, F. Nabais, T. Goerler, D. Brunetti, R. Ellis, David Moulton, L. Jones, E. Delabie, Anna Salmi, Luciano Bertalot, G. Burroughes, B. Kos, Laurent Marot, Daniel Primetzhofer, I Miron, N. Lam, F. Napoli, S. Rowe, E. Pajuste, Choong-Seock Chang, R.P. Doerner, D. Silvagni, C. Guillemaut, S. Warder, A.J. Thornton, Matthew Carr, A. Dempsey, Jorge Morales, Pramit Dutta, J. L. Herfindal, S. Maruyama, P. Camp, X. Lefebvre, Ye. O. Kazakov, Andrea G. Chiariello, Gabriele Manduchi, Andre Neto, T. Powell, J. Griffiths, José Vicente, C. Barcellona, J. Hobirk, F. Clairet, L. Xiang, Dirk Reiser, H. Bergsåker, I. Duran, G. Giacometti, M. Kalsey, David Tskhakaya, A. Martin de Aguilera, T. Dittmar, Edmund Highcock, I. Uytdenhouwen, S. Soare, Giuseppe Prestopino, L. Chôné, W. Davis, G. De Temmerman, Basiuk, G. Learoyd, C. Guerard, A. Klix, M. Incelli, B. Viola, R. J. Robins, A. Burckhart, W. Leysen, Jochen Linke, M. Oberparleiter, A. Murari, M. Sertoli, S. D. Scott, A. Lazaros, R. Dejarnac, P. Buratti, H.R. Strauss, G. T. A. Huijsmans, Hajime Urano, Justine M. Kent, A. Kallenbach, D. Fagan, D. S. Darrow, Benedikt Geiger, A. Wynn, X. Sáez, B. Beckett, Horacio Fernandes, G. Ferro, B. Alper, George Wilkie, A. Uccello, T.C. Luce, S. Zoletnik, Petrzilka, Fulvio Auriemma, D. Guard, A. Ho, R. Henriques, I. T. Chapman, D. Butcher, Ph. Maquet, C. Crapper, S. Murphy, C. Ham, D. Brennan, S. Knott, Krasilnikov, D. Kogut, Cédric Pardanaud, K. Galazka, Nicolò Marconato, Daniele Bonfiglio, M. Sos, E. Militello-Asp, Nesenevich, Sean Conroy, S. Hall, L. F. Ruchko, L. Laguardia, O. Marchuk, F.P. Orsitto, I. S. Nedzelskiy, Eva Macusova, E. Andersson Sundén, C. Ayres, R. Prakash, C. Giroud, M. Parsons, R. Rodionov, M. Marin, A. P. Vadgama, A. Reed, Jacob Eriksson, P. Macheta, R. Neu, J. Orszagh, L. Gil, Riccardo Maggiora, M. Peterka, P. Devynck, M. Price, J. Likonen, Andrew M. Edwards, P. Dalgliesh, I. Vinyar, Andrea Malizia, A. Brett, Jane Johnston, A. Kappatou, P. Blatchford, B. Lloyd, P. Vincenzi, A. Mauriya, A. Garcia-Carrasco, Z. Stancar, D. B. Gin, Gediminas Stankunas, J. Edwards, Giuseppe Ambrosino, A. Goodyear, M. Lungaroni, M. Gardener, R.A. Pitts, Svetlana V. Ratynskaia, E. Ivings, Marek Rubel, L. Calacci, Ivo S. Carvalho, M. Afzal, M. Gherendi, D. Schworer, C. Watts, A. M. Messiaen, E. Safi, P. David, A. Petre, J. Uljanovs, U. von Toussaint, H. Greuner, D. Del Sarto, A.C.A. Figueiredo, D. Gallart, R. Bilato, M. Enachescu, P. Monaghan, M. S. J. Rainford, A. Boboc, M. Reinhart, Hiroyasu Utoh, B. P. Duval, L. Hackett, M. Halitovs, G. De Dominici, B. Lomanowski, P. Cahyna, Aslanyan, T. May-Smith, M. Richiusa, A. Goussarov, M. Okabayashi, R. Howell, T. Tadic, M. E. Manso, J. F. Rivero-Rodriguez, Wayne Arter, Ivan Calvo, U. Losada, H. Weisen, A. Teplukhina, Marica Rebai, R. Andrews, C. H. A. Hogben, M. Klas, A. E. Shevelev, J. McKehon, F. Reimold, Enrico Zilli, R. Maingi, M.F. Stamp, A. Rakha, H. T. Kim, D. Ciric, Eric Nardon, A. Somers, I. Igaune, E. Laszynska, S. Saarelma, A. Cullen, Mǎdǎlina Vlad, D. Nodwell, S. Griph, T. Donne, T. Boyce, M. Tyshchenko, Paulo Carvalho, Elena Bruno, Ion E. Stamatelatos, A. Patel, E. de la Luna, F. Causa, Robin Barnsley, Michael Lehnen, F. Belli, N. Jones, B. Bauvir, M. Tokitani, I. Turner, Y. Zhou, J. Simpson, A. Vitins, D. Rendell, Alberto Milocco, Benjamin P. Brown, F.G. Rimini, C. Lamb, V. Thompson, E. Alessi, S. Arshad, J. Rzadkiewicz, P. Prior, J. Moran, S. D. A. Reyes Cortes, Igor Bykov, M. Weiszflog, Annette M. Hynes, Gennady Sergienko, J. Lönnroth, T. C. Hender, M.-L. Mayoral, Mattia Frasca, R. Coelho, J-J Honore, A. Jackson, A. Sirinelli, M. D. Axton, Hyun-Tae Kim, F. P. Keenan, H. J. Boyer, Elisabeth Rachlew, T. Szabolics, J. Ongena, Braic, Sandra C. Chapman, Anders Nielsen, John E. Marsh, J. Jansons, S. Gloeggler, Nengchao Wang, Naulin, M. Porton, D. Falie, P. Welch, G. T. Jones, N. Fil, M. Vincent, U. Kruezi, R. Pereira, L. Horvath, M. F. F. Nave, Lorella Carraro, N. Fonnesu, Davide Flammini, P. V. Edappala, G. M. D. Hogeweij, K. Krieger, P. Card, G. Poulipoulis, W. Studholme, Didier Mazon, T. Odupitan, D. Young, F. J. Casson, N. Muthusonai, I. Jepu, Olivier Sauter, Dimitri Voltolina, Sara Carcangiu, C. Reux, Irena Ivanova-Stanik, D. Tskhakaya Jun, O. Bogar, E. Viezzer, Shane Cooper, Fabio Villone, Florin Spineanu, H. Doerk, E. Cecil, J. Goff, F. Nespoli, F. Schluck, G. Ciraolo, Jennifer M. Lehmann, Jan Mlynar, H. J. C. Oliver, M. Marinucci, N. Krawczyk, J. Buch, M. Dreval, G. Possnert, C. Angioni, C. P. Lungu, Marco Ariola, S. Breton, Christopher N. Bowman, A. Kundu, J. Mailloux, I. Stepanov, D. Sprada, J. Zacks, G. Ramogida, E. Wolfrum, N.W. Eidietis, A. Pires dos Reis, Barbara Cannas, Robert E. Grove, A. Huber, Giuliana Sias, A. Baron Wiechec, Markus Airila, M. Berry, P. Huynh, R. Kovaldins, R. Bastow, Darren Price, S. Abduallev, P. Tsavalas, N. Aiba, Plyusnin, Ion Tiseanu, James Williams, M. Beckers, M. Weiland, S.N. Gerasimov, Alessandra Fanni, L. D. Horton, T. Xu, L. Joita, N. Reid, D. Zarzoso Fernandez, D. I. Refy, Jerry Hughes, Clarisse Bourdelle, J. E. Boom, G. Hancu, K. M. Aggarwal, F. Crisanti, M. Poradziński, A. Loarte, P. Vallejos Olivares, T. Mrowetz, Teddy Craciunescu, R. Guirlet, M. Valentinuzzi, J. Stephens, J. Stober, Michael Barnes, Isabel L. Nunes, Mario Pillon, P. Batistoni, G. Verona Rinati, Fabio Moro, R. Lucock, R. Olney, Jari Varje, B. Butler, A. Mariani, M. Hamed, Skvara, C. Terry, Larisa Baumane, T. Alarcon, Mike Kotschenreuther, T. M. Biewer, O. Hemming, N. Marcenko, Z. Kollo, B. Slade, J. Garcia, T. R. Blackman, Simone Peruzzo, N. den Harder, S. Ng, P. Siren, K. G. McClements, Rita Lorenzini, Y. Yakovenko, Lorenzo Frassinetti, J. Hawes, A. Kirk, C. Noble, Nicola Bonanomi, Y. Martynova, A.E. Shumack, F. Di Maio, H. R. Koslowski, N. Pomaro, G. Nemtsev, M. I. K. Santala, Richard George, E. Giovannozzi, T. Giegerich, C. Woodley, G. Pucella, D. Hopley, P.J. 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Subjects
Computer science, Feature extraction, Image processing, Computerized Tomography (CT) and Computed Radiography (CR), Plasma diagnostics - interferometry, spectroscopy and imaging, 01 natural sciences, Convolutional neural network, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Compass, Plasma diagnostics-interferometry, spectroscopy and imaging, 0103 physical sciences, Computer vision, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Jet (fluid), Contextual image classification, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition, Plasma diagnostics - interferometry spectroscopy and imaging, Tomography, Artificial intelligence, business, plasma diagnostics - interferometry, spectroscopy and imaging
Abstract

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have found applications in many image processing tasks, such as feature extraction, image classification, and object recognition. It has also been shown that the inverse of CNNs, so- called deconvolutional neural networks, can be used for inverse problems such as plasma tomography. In essence, plasma tomography consists in reconstructing the 2D plasma profile on a poloidal cross-section of a fusion device, based on line-integrated measurements from multiple radiation detectors. Since the reconstruction process is computationally intensive, a deconvolutional neural network trained to produce the same results will yield a significant computational speedup, at the expense of a small error which can be assessed using different metrics. In this work, we discuss the design principles behind such networks, including the use of multiple layers, how they can be stacked, and how their dimensions can be tuned according to the number of detectors and the desired tomographic resolution for a given fusion device. We describe the application of such networks at JET and COMPASS, where at JET we use the bolometer system, and at COMPASS we use the soft X-ray diagnostic based on photodiode arrays.

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23. Comparing particle transport in JET and DIII-D plasmas: gyrokinetic and gyrofluid modelling

Author

Hans Nordman, Ari Salmi, Markus Held, Jet Contributors, Saskia Mordijck, F. Eriksson, Pär Strand, E. Fransson, T. Tala, and M. Oberparleiter

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Jet (fluid), DIII-D, Joint European Torus, Plasma, Collisionality, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Computational physics, Physics::Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Pinch, Diffusion (business), 010306 general physics, Dimensionless quantity
Abstract

Transport modelling, for two dimensionless collisionality scaling experiments at the Joint European Torus (JET) and DIII-D with three discharges each, is presented. Experimental data from JET (Tala et al 2019 Nucl. Fusion 59 126030) and DIII-D (Mordijck et al 2020 Nucl. Fusion 60 066019) show a dissimilar dependence in the density peaking from the source and turbulent transport. The discharges from the JET collisionality scan show that the source is dominant for the density peaking, which is contrary to DIII-D where the transport is the main cause for the peaking. In this article, the different dependency on the source is studied by investigating the zero flux density gradient (peaking factor) at radial position ρ t = 0.6 and by calculating the averaged perturbed diffusion and pinch between ρ t = 0.5 and ρ t = 0.8. Results show that the difference of the normalized temperature gradients have the largest and considerable impact on the peaking factor. The calculated diffusion and pinch showed good match with the experimental measured perturbed values. The calculated ratio of the particle balance pinch and diffusion explained the difference in peaking from turbulent transport, a high ratio for DIII-D yielding high peaking and a low ratio for JET yielding low peaking. However the particle balance diffusion, which suppresses the peaking from the source, was high for DIII-D and low for JET. Thusly, explaining the particle source much larger impact on the peaking at JET.

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