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Teacher educators act as a conduit to student teachers of policy and this has an impact on practice. Changes in policy affect how subjects are viewed in terms of their importance. This research seeks to explore the apparent increase in emphasis on wellbeing development in policy which influences the work of arts teacher educators, alongside a declining focus on the arts, and a separation of wellbeing from the arts in policy lexicon. Adopting a self-study approach, this article explores if wellbeing features in our practice as arts teacher educators and how our arts education practice aligns with national policy and curriculum development in the Republic of Ireland. The results of the study outline ways in which arts teacher educators are shaped by policy. Recommendations are made for a broader view of wellbeing in policy, and an experience of wellbeing and arts which is embedded into learning processes in teacher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Charles Scott Sherrington (1857–1952) is widely acclaimed as the most important neurophysiologist in history. He became a legend in his own time, coined the term "synapse", and in 1932 received the Nobel Prize in medicine for his discoveries on the function of neurons. By the time he presented the Gifford Lectures 1937–38, he represented the best that science had to offer on behalf of the relationship of the mind to the natural world. The lectures, including one never publicly presented, were published as Man on His Nature (1941). Here neurology meets theology at the busy and often treacherous intersection of science and religion. Examining Sherrington's views in some detail, the standard rendering of Sherrington as a theist cannot be sustained by their contents; he ends up as at least a humanist and perhaps an atheist. Views by neurologists and philosophers of mind some seventy to eighty years later are compared and contrasted with Sherrington's. Although expectations of a materialist/reductionist answer to the mind/body problem have not been realized, neuroscientist Raymond Tallis appears as a parallel figure to Sherrington: both are clearly naturalistic humanists. A theistic response is presented addressing the mind/body problem from a hylomorphic process theology perspective, along with some comments regarding natural theology in general. In the end, this essay has two complementary aims: (1) to relocate Sherrington's neurotheology—if it can be called that—in a more appropriate historiographical category; and (2) to offer a viable answer to the mind/body problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite his impeccable academic pedigree, a protégé of Josiah Royce and a friend and student of William James, John Elof Boodin is nearly forgotten today among American philosophers; hence, an essential aspect of his thought lost to history is his contribution to process theology. The leading features of process thought demonstrate Boodin's connections to this unique theology and show it to have been established early on, as early as 1900 and 1904. This places Boodin's writing on process philosophy/theology well before Alfred North Whitehead, the putative pioneer in modern process metaphysics, by more than twenty years, and co-extensive with Henri Bergson, who influenced Whitehead. Nevertheless, when Boodin is discussed today, it is usually as an early pragmatist rather than as a process philosopher. The central claim of this essay argues that Boodin is best understood as a pragmatically influenced process theist, one of the first in a modern context. This historiographical revision will permit a better portrayal of process thought by revealing a more nuanced and pluralistic theological landscape beyond the standard Bergsonian/Whiteheadian/Hartshornian triumvirate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the history of the medical aspect of the 1939 film "Gone With the Wind" directed by Victor Fleming. Producer David Selznick and his adviser Wilbur Kurtz are recognized for their efforts to achieve authentic realism by presenting the way doctors prescribed in the American South during the 19th century. The portrayal of Doctor Meade and his role in Civil War-era medicine are discussed.

The article discusses the history of American pellagra epidemic, which began with physician George H. Searcy's discovery of this nutritional deficiency in Mobile, Alabama in 1906 to 2003, and the Southern pride. Topics include the role of U.S. Public Health Service officer Joseph Goldberger and his research team on the epidemic as a result of the South economic conditions, Goldberger's contribution to the science of human nutrition, and the successful treatment of pellegra with nicotinic acid.

Alfred Russel Wallace (1823-1913), naturalist and explorer of South America and the Malay Archipelago, secured his place in history by independently discovering the theory of natural selection. His letter outlining the theory was sent from Ternate in eastern Indonesia and received at Down House, according to Charles Darwin (1809-82), on June 18, 1858, prompting the now-famed evolutionist to rush his languishing manuscript to press. Wallace's contributions to evolutionary biology, biogeography, and anthropology are well known, but his medical views have received far less attention. Within the context of a strident populist antivaccination movement and an ominous elitist eugenics campaign, Wallace took his stand, which revealed itself in a libertarianism that defended traditional socialist constituencies (the working poor, the lumpenproletariat, and feminist reformers) against state-mandated medical interventions. Rather than viewing Wallace as a heterodox contrarian, this article argues that his positions were logical outgrowths of his medical libertarianism and evolutionary and social theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on a project of using the original works on anatomy, particularly those by Andreas Vesalius to enhance the Medical Gross Anatomy course at the University of Alabama School of Medicine. Reactions of the students to the project; Conclusion.

IVIg therapy has potentially been related to arterial and venous therapy. We performed an Ovid review focusing on IVIg and thrombotic events. While a few case reports were reviewed case series and case control studies were particularly reviewed in relation to thrombotic events. Outcomes demonstrate a correlation between underlying cardiovascular risk factors with predominately arterial events which typically occurred within 4–24 hours of infusion. While venous events occurred less commonly they were associated with traditional risk factors and occurred later, typically, 1–7 days following infusion of IVIg. Potential causation of thrombotic events was discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on the past five years of National Residency Match Program (NRMP) information in the Unites States with a comparison point of twenty years ago utilized because of a referenced article. It is well known to our students going through the match that it is more competitive than in prior years. To rank enough programs for your field, take Step 2 early to maximize your score, to get quality letters and to practice mock interviews. The 99% match rate has remained steady over the past five years despite an increase in all primary care disciplines particularly Internal Medicine. Family Medicine and Internal Medicine work with, on average, about half U.S. seniors and half from other groups including Osteopathic and IMG (U.S. citizen and non-U.S. citizen). This can create a holistic experience for residents with a sharing of ideas from students from varied backgrounds. While the Supplemental Offer and Acceptance Program appear as an initial success, the student's goal should be to avoid such a step altogether. The key twenty years ago and today is the existence of appropriate numbers of resident and faculty role models. This is a stressful goal considering the demands on faculty for billing and patient care due to the shiftwork nature of the new work hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article evaluates the program outcomes required for internal medicine and other medical school programs under the Next Accreditation System (NAS) of the U.S. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). It indicates the involvement of a program director and a resident from a program. A list of required ACGME documents to review is provided, including an evaluation, clinical/procedural experiences and program curriculum.

Abstract: This perspective attempts to bring graduate medical offices, residency programs and medical students interested in categorical internal medicine (CIM) a brief update on the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM), Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and the National Registry for Medical Programs (NRMP) changes for the past 3–5years in the United States (US). The US model for certification and recertification may serve as a homogenous example for other countries. This model will be described so that there is an understanding of the importance of such changes in the American system and its effect on resident education. This is critical knowledge for both teachers and learners in internal medicine in preparation for a lifetime career and requirements for certification/credentialing for both programs and their residents/fellows. Data from the review indicate a small increase in the number of applicants but a concordant decrease in ABIM initial certification exams. Programs should well be aware of the new focus on outcomes via the Next Accreditation System (NAS) being put forth by the ACGME. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

An introduction to the journal is presented in which the editor discusses various reports published within the issue including one by Wiener and Gilliland on issues of privacy and legal compliance in the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), one by Heilemann on the portrayal of fetuses in the early modern period, and one by Mix and Cameron on the digitization of a medical manuscript.

Alfred Russel Wallace's conception of evolution and its relation to natural theology is examined. That conception is described as intelligent evolution—directed, detectably designed, and purposeful common descent. This essay extends discussion of the forces and influences behind Wallace's journey from the acknowledged co-discoverer of natural selection, to include his much lesser known position within the larger history of natural theology. It will do so by contextualizing it with an analysis of Darwin's metaphysical commitments identified as undogmatic atheism. In this sense, David Kohn's thesis that Darwin was the "last of the natural theologians" is revised to suggest that Wallace deserves to be included within the larger context of the British natural theologians in a surprisingly Paleyan tradition. As such, an important object of this essay is to clear away the historical fog that has surrounded this aspect of Wallace. That "fog" is composed of various formal historical fallacies that will be outlined in the penultimate section. Once described, explained, and corrected, Wallace becomes an enduring figure in carrying the British tradition of natural theology into the twentieth century and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is often assumed that direction and purpose in nature—teleology—is a dead relic of the past, a result of Charles Darwin's Origin of Species (1859) and Descent of Man (1871). But teleology has had a long and complex relationship with science. This paper will trace its general history with an emphasis upon the life sciences, especially biology. Particularly important is the fact that all teleology is not equal; strong (transcendent) teleology (designated Ts) should be distinguished from weak (purely descriptive and utilitarian) teleology (designated Tw). A working definition of teleology in its most meaningful aspects is then given. The challenges that Darwinism faced in dealing with purpose in nature are discussed, as is their proposed solution in the evolutionary synthesis, and the persistence of Ts following that synthesis is outlined and critiqued. Evidence of Ts persistence in the life sciences is presented with several relevant examples, and strong teleology is further differentiated by specific (Ts+) and nonspecific (Ts−) varieties. This essay concludes that Ts remains an ongoing and integral part of the life sciences and will likely remain so, even though it may be true but not verifiable empirically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the practice of medicine in the most devastating conflict in American history, the civil war. It describes how important military medicine was in those times when diseases attacked and wounded soldiers were perennially increasing. It suggests to history teachers that they may use the history of medicine and its practice during the civil war as a tool to broaden the history student's horizons. It recommends two books on the core background of north and south forces in the civil war.

We present the case of an elderly patient with abdominal pain, weight loss, and subjective fever in whom a magnetic resonance imaging study revealed a perihepatic abscess without invasion. After drainage, anaerobic cultures yielded Actinomycosis israelii. We discuss Actinomycosis species, with an emphasis on its pathology and multiple presentations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Exercise-induced cardiac remodeling can be profound, resulting in clinical overlap with dilated cardiomyopathy, yet the significance of reduced ejection fraction (EF) in athletes is unclear. The aim is to assess the prevalence, clinical consequences, and genetic predisposition of reduced EF in athletes. Methods: Young endurance athletes were recruited from elite training programs and underwent comprehensive cardiac phenotyping and genetic testing. Those with reduced EF using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (defined as left ventricular EF <50%, or right ventricular EF <45%, or both) were compared with athletes with normal EF. A validated polygenic risk score for indexed left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESVi-PRS), previously associated with dilated cardiomyopathy, was assessed. Clinical events were recorded over a mean of 4.4 years. Results: Of the 281 elite endurance athletes (22±8 years, 79.7% male) undergoing comprehensive assessment, 44 of 281 (15.7%) had reduced left ventricular EF (N=12; 4.3%), right ventricular EF (N=14; 5.0%), or both (N=18; 6.4%). Reduced EF was associated with a higher burden of ventricular premature beats (13.6% versus 3.8% with >100 ventricular premature beats/24 h; P=0.008) and lower left ventricular global longitudinal strain (-17%±2% versus -19%±2%; P<0.001). Athletes with reduced EF had a higher mean LVESVi-PRS (0.57±0.13 versus 0.51±0.14; P=0.009) with athletes in the top decile of LVESVi-PRS having an 11-fold increase in the likelihood of reduced EF compared with those in the bottom decile (P=0.034). Male sex and higher LVESVi-PRS were the only significant predictors of reduced EF in a multivariate analysis that included age and fitness. During follow-up, no athletes developed symptomatic heart failure or arrhythmias. Two athletes died, 1 from trauma and 1 from sudden cardiac death, the latter having a reduced right ventricular EF and a LVESVi-PRS >95%. Conclusions: Reduced EF occurs in approximately 1 in 6 elite endurance athletes and is related to genetic predisposition in addition to exercise training. Genetic and imaging markers may help identify endurance athletes in whom scrutiny about long-term clinical outcomes may be appropriate. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=374976&isReview=true Unique identifier: ACTRN12618000716268. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents an unusual case of Hodgkin's disease masquerading as sclerosing mediastinitis of the posterior mediastinum.

Superior mesenteric vein thrombosis (SMVT) is a rare yet frequently fatal cause of intestinal ischemia. Despite its severe consequences, SMVT often presents with nonspecific symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. It can occur with or without gastrointestinal bleeding, and symptoms may be present for hours to weeks. Physical exam can vary from a benign to an acute abdomen. The are no specific diagnostic laboratory studies for the presence of MVT, and it can be an incidental finding of computed tomography or ultrasound. Patients at risk forMVT include those with a history of a hypercoagulable state or secondary cases such as sepsis, gastrointestinal malignancy, liver disease, pancreatic pathology, abdominal surgery and medications. The authors present a case of a patient presenting with acute abdominal pain and ultimately a SMVT secondary to oral contraceptives by exclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A middle age male with type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with urinary symptoms. Blood and urine cultures were consistent with Methicillin Resistant Staphylcoccal Aureus (MRSA). A computed tomography demonstrated mutiple prostatic microabscessess. No other hematogenous source was identified. Transurethral prostatic drainage and intravenous Vancomycin followed by oral doxcycline led to clinical success for this likely Community acquired case of MRSA (CA-MRSA). We discuss our case report and discuss the current literature on the trends, causation, diagnosis and treatment of MRSA induced prostatic abscess. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT: We present a case of endocarditis caused by Salmonella in a patient with newly diagnosed diabetes and preexisting rheumatic heart disease. Despite sterilization of the blood with a fluoroquinolone and a third-generation cephalosporin, the patient required surgical intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a case report of a 32-year-old with AIDS whose chest roentgenogram revealed a bilateral diffuse nodular pattern suggestive of miliary tuberculosis. Evidence of an atypical granulomatous reaction with `Pneumocytosis carinii' in the absence of other organisms; Consideration of `P. carinii' pneumonia as differential diagnosis for AIDS patients.

Studies a case of the eosinopilia-myalgia syndrome associated with use of an L-tryptophan product. Function of L-tryptophan; Toxicity of the product; Details of a case report of a patient with worsening malaise and diffuse myalgias.

A personal narrative is presented in which the author discusses his experience of being diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and its impact on his lifestyle and career.

The author offers observation on the Next Accreditation System (NAS) for graduate medical education in the U.S.

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the "Clio's Column" on topics including articles of general interest to medical libraries, symposium issue on history, and essays on subjects of the past which are of interest to the current librarians.

The diagnosis and treatment of a 60-year-old man presented to the emergency department for evaluation of rectal bleeding, syncope, and pain in the right leg. Details related to the patient's most recent medical history are reviewed. A detailed diagnosis of the patient's symptoms are presented. A description of the physical examination of the patient is included. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this study, a group of seven teacher educators report on how they embarked on a process of collaborative autoethnography to uncover the problems and possibilities of teaching arts education using digital methodologies. Arising from the pressing need to pivot from in-person, campus-based teaching to online modes due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the phenomenon prompted the authors to engage in critical and inquiry-oriented reflection on the experience. While the full group comprised teacher educators from across diverse disciplines, the current study focuses primarily on the idiosyncratic nature of teaching arts subjects such as music, drama and visual arts education to student teachers. Using qualitative analysis, the study identifies key themes and insights gleaned from critical explorations of the data. Although embodied pedagogies are considered no less valuable than before, the study reveals unexpected benefits that arise in the digital context, especially in arts education. In this frame, arts education is recast in a dynamic and unexpected fashion, despite the exigencies of the digital environment. Ultimately, the study points to important teaching and learning experiences, and new ways of framing dimensions of those experiences, that can inform future teaching worlds in the digital space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of the telephone in medical practice is important, but often problematic. Mistakes in telephone diagnosis and triage can have severe consequences. An effective office system can reduce liability risks, and in some cases telephone contact can substitute for office visits. Internists feel unprepared to provide telephone care. Therefore, residency education needs to focus on documentation, consultant availability, and performance feedback. Research should focus on improving outcomes, reimbursement issues, and technologic advances. This article describes internists' telephone interactions with ambulatory patients, preparation for telephone medicine, and aspects of office telephone systems and makes comparisons with other primary care fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary Retinal neurons exhibit sustained versus transient light responses, which are thought to encode low- and high-frequency stimuli, respectively. This dichotomy has been recognized since the earliest intracellular recordings from the 1960s, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. We report that in the ganglion cell layer of rat retinas, all spiking amacrine interneurons with sustained ON photoresponses receive gap-junction input from intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), recently discovered photoreceptors that specialize in prolonged irradiance detection. This input presumably allows ipRGCs to regulate the secretion of neuromodulators from these interneurons. We have identified three morphological varieties of such ipRGC-driven displaced amacrine cells: (1) monostratified cells with dendrites terminating exclusively in sublamina S5 of the inner plexiform layer, (2) bistratified cells with dendrites in both S1 and S5, and (3) polyaxonal cells with dendrites and axons stratifying in S5. Most of these amacrine cells are wide field, although some are medium field. The three classes respond to light differently, suggesting that they probably perform diverse functions. These results demonstrate that ipRGCs are a major source of tonic visual information within the retina and exert widespread intraretinal influence. They also add to recent evidence that ganglion cells signal not only to the brain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored the role of family characteristics in the coping process of a family after having experienced Hurricane Katrina to gain an understanding of the relationship between family resiliency, hope, family hardiness, and spirituality for survivors of this natural disaster. It was hypothesized that families who demonstrate higher levels of hope, family hardiness, and spirituality would be more likely to effectively cope after the storm. Further, great resource loss was hypothesized to diminish a family's ability to cope. Four hundred fifty-two participants completed the survey. Results indicate a relationship between hope, family hardiness and spirituality, and the criterion variable, family coping. The importance of these findings in terms of exploring family resiliency following a natural disaster is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. The role of trastuzumab in adjuvant therapy for locally invasive breast cancer is discussed. Summary. Trastuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to the extracellular domain of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2). Currently, trastuzumab is indicated for use in HER2-positive patients with metastatic breast cancer. Because trastuzumab specifically targets a receptor that is overexpressed in tumor cells, it is less likely to cause the cytotoxic adverse effects of traditional chemotherapy. Cardiotoxicity has been a major concern, however. Several trials were started to evaluate trastuzumab in the adjuvant setting in patients diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer. The interim results of these trials have shown a promising effect of adjuvant therapy with trastuzumab in improving overall survival, disease-free survival, relapse-free survival, and distant-disease-free survival. Conclusion. The use of trastuzumab as adjuvant therapy in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer can lead to increased survival. The appropriateness of trastuzumab therapy should be considered based on HER2 status, cost, and risk of toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]