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Copyright of Düzce University Journal of Forestry / Düzce Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Ormancılık Dergisi is the property of Duzce University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Informe Gepec is the property of Informe Gepec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Wood adhesive is very important to the quality of wood-based panels in the forest product industry. Researchers are currently focused on developing green and environmentally friendly adhesives using biomass materials. Soybean meal (SM), a cheap and high-protein byproduct from soybean processing, is considered a green biomaterial resource for adhesive production. In this study, SM was modified using urea and sodium hydroxide as denaturants, and two cross-linking agents were prepared to incorporate into the soybean meal adhesive for bonding reactions. Sodium hydroxide added to soybean protein caused structural damage to the protein structure, which allowed the peptide chains to unfold extensively, forming a low-molecular-weight peptide mixture with a good size distribution and exposing numerous active functional groups for cross-linking with the tannin–phenol–formaldehyde resin (TR) and wood. Adding the epoxy resin CA and TR enabled the cross-linking agents to react with the active functional groups on proteins, forming a cross-linked network structure. As a result, the adhesive's strength, residual rate, and solid content were improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to prevent the decline of Japanese agriculture, forestry, fishery, and food industries as well as to promote their sustainable development, it is essential to capture growing overseas markets through export promotion and overseas expansion efforts. In this presentation, I will explain the policies for facilitating the export of Japanese agricultural, forest, and fish products and food, with the aim of achieving the export value targets of 2 trillion yen in 2025 and 5 trillion yen in 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural people living around forests in Ethiopia depend on income from forest product collection as one of their livelihood activities. The forests of Sheka are threatened by unsustainable use and conversion to alternative land uses. This study was conducted to identify and quantify income from major forest products collected from the Sheka forest and examine factors that determine income from forest product collection. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from primary and secondary sources. By stratified random sampling method, three kebeles were selected from the Masha district and 156 households were randomly selected from those kebeles and interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were determined by SPSS and STATA software. Multiple linear regression models were employed to determine the relationship between socio-economic factors and forest income. The result indicates 17 major forest product were collected and contributes an average of $1553.75 or 41.17% of their total annual income and was the highest contributor to total income. Forest income varies with agro-ecology and distance from the nearby markets in the study area. Households in the study area utilize more forest products for home consumption. Incomes from forest product collection are significantly related to the level of education of the household head, family size, and distance of home from the forest and market. Households in the study area depend to a higher degree on income from forest product collection and have an implication of sustainable management of forests in the long term.

The Ministry of Environment is competent to adopt measures to ensure the protection of wild flora species, and to take the necessespaary measures to protect endangered or endangered species. Within this framework, it must intervene in the management, exploitation, transport and commercialization of species and individuals of wild flora and their primary products, whether public or private property. As a control and surveillance measure, the natural resources code requires that all primary forest products entering, leaving or moving within the national territory must be covered by a permit. For the mobilization of forest products, authorization documents are required, and these will vary depending on the forest products, which according to the legislation are classified as: 1) single online safe-conduct, 2) mobilization certificate and 3) mobilization remission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to evaluate the physical, chemical and anatomical properties of Cryptomeria japonica wood. For that, trees with 13 years old, from an experimental planting, were sampled. The wood was classified as low density (0.314 g cm-3), with low values of longitudinal contractions (0.31%), radial (2.09%), tangential (5.48%) and volumetric (7.57%), but high anisotropy coefficient (2.62), indicating the susceptibility of this species to drying defects. Regarding the chemical composition, it presented low levels of extractives (2.14%) and ashes (0.32%), but high content of lignin (31.36%). The tracheids have 2.18 mm length; width of 25.06 µm; lúmen diameter of 15.89 µm and wall thickness of 4.59 µm, with interesting indicators for papermaking, and presenting good quality due to the Runkel index (0.61) and felting (87.78) and medium quality for flexibility coefficient (61.23%) and wall fraction (36.94%). The characteristics of C. japonica wood indicate potential to be used as alternative to supply the demand of the industrial sector for raw material, especially in the South of Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Forest is one of the most essential types of resources providing beneficial material and environmental service. The forest of Sheka is threatened by unsustainable use and conversion to alternative land use. This study was conducted to identify the major collected and marketed forest products, quantify the total and relative forest product income generated by the gender of household head in Masha district, southwest Ethiopia. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from primary and secondary data sources. Primary data were collected through focus group discussion, key informant interview and survey consisting of 156 household samples that were selected using multi-stage sampling techniques. Secondary data were collected from published, unpublished materials and annual reports of relevant government offices. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Stata software programs. Descriptive statistics like mean, frequency and percentage were determined. The result indicates that 17 major forest product are collected by households in the area. Forest product collection is one of the livelihood activity contributing on average of $1887.16 (44% of their total annual income) and $867.3 (32% of their total annual income) to male and female headed households, respectively. This proves that, in the study area, male headed households generate more income from forest products than female headed households. Household in the study area depend to a higher degree on income from forest product collection. Alternatives should be found to minimize extraction of woody forest products and minimize dependency of household on forest income. Government should assess the impact of licensed investment project on environment and local community and take corrective action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Düzce University Journal of Forestry / Düzce Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Ormancılık Dergisi is the property of Duzce University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study includes the analysis of cultural, commercial, and safety factors that affect the potential of the trade of the red sour pitaya (Stenocereus gummosus), as well as its characterization, consumer patterns, consumption channels, and the relevance, identity, and cultural value of the fruit in the Municipality of La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico. The investigation has the objective of understanding the perception of the product in local knowledge, which is identified in the study area, where the wild fruit takes an added value in informal commercialization and is amalgamated with the local culture. For the analysis and data collection, a simple random sampling was conducted, on 227 economically active people with purchasing power. The method of applying the instrument was digital, limiting face-to-face contact with people due to the current Covid 19 pandemic. The exercise characterizes a population with mostly university studies, which consumes the product in a traditional way, which reflected a greater appreciation of the pitaya fruit, by older people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Wood-based industry is one of the main drivers of economic growth in Malaysia. Forest being the source of various lignocellulosic materials has many untapped potentials that could be exploited to produce sustainable and biodegradable nanosized material that possesses very interesting features for use in wood-based industry itself or across many different application fields. Wood-based products sector could also utilise various readily available nanomaterials to enhance the performance of existing products or to create new value added products from the forest. This review highlights recent developments in nanotechnology application in the wood-based products industry.

There is urgent need to rescue Nigerian economy from deluge of crisis it is been confronted with atthe present time. To achieve this, it is pivotal to explore various potentials available in the country to solve her problem. Therefore, this paper examines the potential of apiculture industry in social and economic development of the nation. Hive products such as beewax, propolis, pollen and royal jelly are known to have contributed largely to the economic development of advanced countries like China, Turkey, Mexico, Argentina, Hungary, Australia and Canada. While the practice provides job opportunities for people of all classes, it also boosts productivity of other agricultural crops. Honey from Nigeria will command higher demand and prices in the world market for its medicinal and antimicrobial qualities, thereby serving as a good foreign exchange commodity in international market. As part of its contribution to economic growth, apiculture is a good source of income for beekeepers, it involves the use of little land. It empowers small scale farmers and also does not damage the environment. The paper also stressed that apiculture is not only important for generating income, it also curbs against rural migration. Apiculture protects the environment and also an important non-timber forest product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dayak Meratus tribe is the native tribe that lives in the forest area of Meratus Mountain. Biological basic data on plant biodiversity in the area, particularly plants utilized by Dayak Meratus tribe, have not been much discovered. The research are: (1) to discover the traditional characteristic and knowledge of Dayak Meratus tribe, (2) to determine the priority of plants to be conserved, (3) to study local government policy in the forest resources management and, (4) to determine the strategy of priority plants conservation. Research was conducted at Meratus Mountain forest area, Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency and Herbarium Bogoriense, Biological Research and Development Center of LIPI, Bogor, from July to September 2002. Determination of priority plants is based on 4 criteria: (1) Index of Cultural Significance that consists of three value, that are: quality of use, intensity of use, exclusivity of use, (2) Distribution, (3) Status in the nature area (wild, semi domesticated, domesticated/cultivated), and (4) the characteristic of use/utilization by the community (commercial, subsistence). The number of plant species used by Dayak Meratus Tribe is 240 species of 18 use characteristic, 2 species endemic, 14 species rare, 111 species have more than one utilization function, 20 medicinal plants can be used as a consideration in changing the status of protected forest to conservation areas with status of national park.

Wooden housing is one of the most sustainable building alternatives. In many European and North American countries, wooden houses provide the most common, economical, and practical solution for construction. The timber buildings present adequate levels of durability, acoustics, and thermal comforts. Despite their popularity, wood houses do not have a standardized classification to define and organize their main aspects. In literature dealing with timber construction, most authors emphasize structural systems for large spans (bridges, hangars, roofs, etc.). The presence of some classifications of timber construction results in unclear issues, and few studies have covered and regarded wooden buildings as residential construction typologies. Accordingly, this paper proposes a classification that connects the aspects and details of wooden housing materials in relation to the industrialization level and chronological origin. We expect this classification to assist in a better understanding of distinct wooden housing techniques commercially produced worldwide, diffusing their concepts and possibilities as forestry-timber products.

This work analyzes the effect of forest on the economy of Central African Republic, using the data from secondary source within the period of 1970-2015. The study employed error correction model (ECM) as econometric methodology to estimate the cointegration relationship among economic growth, agriculture value added, forest rent (in percentage of GDP) and forest product variables (logs, roundwood, wood fuel and sawnwood), it also estimates long run and short run relationship between variables. Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root test were employed. The result shows that forests play an important role in the world's economy; they support both the economic growth and the ecosystem protection. The co-integration relationship result (using Engel-Granger) shows economic growth forest products variables (logs, roundwood, wood fuel and sawnwood) and other variables included in the model were co-integrated and therefore long run relationship exist among them. Testing the short run relationship shows the existence of short run relation between variables. The long run model shows logs production which the main exportable wood product in CAR having a positive and significant effect on the economy but we noticed that the affectation percentage is to low (0.08% change to GDP). This is due to the lack of control or traceability of the product and the luck of strong institutions (corruption) in the forestry sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O segmento de celulose e papel contribui de forma significativa para a economia brasileira. O conhecimento da estrutura do mercado de celulose é fundamental para fins de planejamento da produção, comercialização e previsão para o setor. Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal especificar e estimar a oferta e demanda brasileira de celulose, bem como a oferta e a demanda de exportação, no período de 1969 a 2005. Os resultados, usando o método dos Mínimos Quadrados de Dois Estágios (MQ2E), indicaram que a oferta e a demanda interna de celulose, bem como a oferta e a demanda de exportação, são preço-inelástico. A demanda interna é inelástica com relação à renda. Já a demanda de exportação é elástica com relação à renda. A oferta interna é mais sensível a variações no preço das máquinas e equipamentos. A oferta de exportação é sensível a variações na produção e no consumo interno e a demanda de exportação, a variações na renda dos países importadores.The wood pulp and paper sector contributes significantly for the Brazilian economy. The knowledge of the wood pulp market structure is important for production planning, commercialization and forecast for the sector. The main objective of the present study it to specify and estimate the domestic supply and demand of wood pulp, as well as the export supply and demand functions, in the period from 1969 to 2005. The results provided by' the two-stage least squares method (TSLS) indicated that domestic and export supply and demand of wood pulp are price inelastic. The domestic demand is inelastic in relation to income while the export demand is elastic in relation to income. The domestic supply is more affected by changes in machinery and equipment prices. The export supply is affected by changes in production and domestic demand while the export demand is affected by changes in the income of the importing countries.

Este trabalho teve por objetivos especificar e estimar a demanda brasileira de importação de borracha natural, no período de 1964 a 2005. As variáveis explicativas do modelo de demanda de importação foram: preço de importação da borracha natural, PIB per capita, taxa de câmbio, taxa de juros, quantidade de borracha natural produzida internamente e tendência. As estimativas obtidas utilizando o modelo de ajustamento parcial confirmaram que as variáveis explicativas afetam, significativamente, a demanda brasileira de importação de borracha natural. Os resultados apontaram que a demanda brasileira de importação de borracha natural é inelástica com relação ao preço de importação e à renda; é pouco sensível a variações no preço de importação, à taxa de câmbio, à renda e à taxa de juros, mas é sensível às variações na quantidade de borracha natural produzida internamente, no curto e longo prazos; e a borracha natural é um bem normal.This work aimed to specify and estimate the Brazilian import demand for natural rubber from 1964 to 2005. The variables applied to explain import demand were: natural rubber import price, GNP per capita, exchange nominal rate (R$/US$), "overnight" interest rate, natural rubber domestic production and trend. The estimates showed that the variables significantly affected the Brazilian import demand for natural rubber. The results indicated that the Brazilian import demand for natural rubber is inelastic in relation to import price and income; little sensitive to variations in import price, exchange nominal rate (R$/US$), income and "overnight" interest rate but it is sensitive to domestic rubber production variations , in the short and long runs; and that natural rubber is a regular commodity.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a relação da produção de sementes de árvores nativas de castanha-do-brasil com características morfométricas da copa e índices de competição. Os dados foram coletados em florestas nativas no Sul do Estado de Roraima, com 88 árvores amostradas em diferentes classes de produtividade. Em cada árvore, foram medidas as variáveis dendrométricas e foram determinados os índices morfométricos da copa e os índices de competição, dependentes e independentes da distância. As relações entre a morfometria, os parâmetros da copa e os índices de competição com a produção de sementes foram obtidas com o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman e os testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Witney. Para inferir as relações entre as variáveis morfométricas da copa e o diâmetro do tronco, utilizou-se a análise de regressão linear pelo procedimento "stepwise". As árvores mais produtivas foram aquelas com posições superiores no dossel, que apresentam copas bem formadas, mais compridas e com menor relação altura/diâmetro. A competição teve pouco efeito sobre a produção de sementes, em árvores adultas que começam a produzir frutos somente após atingirem as posições superiores do dossel.The aim of this work was to evaluate the relationship of seed yield of Brazil-nut native trees to crown morphometric characteristics and competition indexes. The data were collected in 88 sample trees, in natural forests in the South of Roraima State, Brazil, regarding different productivity classes. In each tree, the dendrometric variables, the indexes of morphometry and competition (distance dependent and independent) were measured. The relationships between crown morphometric variables and competition indexes to seed yield were obtained through the Spearman correlation coefficient and Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. A linear regression analysis, through the stepwise procedure, was used to infer crown relations among morphometric variables and the diameter at breast height. The most productive trees were those with upper canopy positions, wich showed well-formed and longer crowns, and smaller height/diameter relationships. Competition showed nonsignificant effect on seed yield, in adult trees that start to produce fruits only after reaching the upper canopy positions.

Wooden housing is one of the most sustainable building alternatives. In many European and North American countries, wooden houses provide the most common, economical, and practical solution for construction. The timber buildings present adequate levels of durability, acoustics, and thermal comforts. Despite their popularity, wood houses do not have a standardized classification to define and organize their main aspects. In literature dealing with timber construction, most authors emphasize structural systems for large spans (bridges, hangars, roofs, etc.). The presence of some classifications of timber construction results in unclear issues, and few studies have covered and regarded wooden buildings as residential construction typologies. Accordingly, this paper proposes a classification that connects the aspects and details of wooden housing materials in relation to the industrialization level and chronological origin. We expect this classification to assist in a better understanding of distinct wooden housing techniques commercially produced worldwide, diffusing their concepts and possibilities as forestry-timber products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several North American walnut species (Juglans spp.) are threatened by thousand cankers disease which is caused by the walnut twig beetle (Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman) and its associated fungal plant pathogen, Geosmithia morbida M. Kolarík, E. Freeland, C. Utley and N. Tisserat sp. nov. Spread of this disease may occur via movement of infested black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) wood. This study evaluated the ability of P. juglandis to colonize J. nigra wood previously treated with various phytosanitation methods. Steam-heated and methyl bromide-fumigated J. nigra logs, as well as kiln-dried natural wane J. nigra lumber (with and without bark) were subsequently exposed to P. juglandis colonization pressure in two exposure scenarios. Following a pheromone- mediated, high-pressure scenario in the canopy of infested trees, beetles readily colonized the bark of steam-heated and methyl bromide-fumigated logs, and were also recovered from kiln-dried lumber on which a thin strip of bark was retained. In the simulated lumberyard exposure experiment, during which samples were exposed to lower P. juglandis populations, beetles were again recovered from bark-on steam-heated logs, but were not recovered from kiln-dried bark-on lumber. These data suggest logs and bark-on lumber treated with phytosanitation methods should not be subsequently exposed to P. juglandis populations. Further beetle exclusion efforts for phytosanitized, bark-on walnut wood products transported out of quarantined areas may be necessary to ensure that these products do not serve as a pathway for the spread of P. juglandis and thousand cankers disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este estudo teve como objetivos analisar a estrutura arbórea e valorar uma floresta secundária de várzea baixa. A área de estudo está localizada na propriedade florestal da Exportadora de Madeiras do Pará Ltda. - EMAPA, município de Afuá, Estado do Pará. A área inventariada corresponde a 12,5 ha, onde foram medidos todos os espécimes arbóreos com DAP > ou = 15,0 cm. Verificou-se a ocorrência de 73 espécies, que totalizaram 357,7 indivíduos/ha e área basal de 23,4 m²/ha. As espécies mais importantes do ambiente estudado foram Virola surinamensis, Symphonia globulifera, Eschweilera coriacea, Pentaclethra macroloba e Astrocaryum murumuru. Entre os grupos de uso foi verificado que as espécies não-comerciais apresentaram o maior número de toras comercializáveis (24,3 toras/ha), seguidas das espécies comerciais (16,2 toras/ha) e das potenciais (12,9 toras/ha). A receita potencial de toras/ha foi de US$ 501,70 e a de palmito/ha foi de US$ 68,50.The aim of this paper was to analyze tree structure and value a secondary low floodplain forest. The study area is located at EMAPA forest lands, in the county of Afuá, in the state of Pará. The inventoried area presents 12.5 ha, where all the tree specimens with DBH > or = 15.0 cm were measured. A total of 73 species were identified, corresponding to 357.7 individuals/ha and a 23.4 m²/ha basal area, the most important being Virola surinamensis, Symphonia globulifera, Eschweilera coriacea, Pentaclethra macroloba and Astrocaryum murumuru. Among the categories, the non-commercial species showed the highest number of marketable boles (24.3/ha), followed by the commercial (16.2/ha) and potential ones (12.9 boles/ha). The boles and the heartpalms provided a potential income of US$ 501.70/ha and US$ 68.50/ha, respectively.

Forests play an important role in the community’s livelihood, and this role has created an important relationship or mutual dependence between the forest and the community. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the types of community’s forest dependency and to identify the effects of community’s forest dependency towards forest resources and wildlife abundance. The data were collected using the self-administered questionnaire, involving 204 community members in Bau District, Sarawak. The results show that the common types of forest dependency are private land ownership, land area of less than 10 acres, less than 50 meters of house distance to forest, land utilization for house site and agriculture purposes, and estimated income and expenditure of less than RM 1000. The land use–paddy field, forest resources–handicraft and forest resources–water source significantly predict the abundance of forest cover. The land use–house site, house distance to forest and forest resources–hunting significantly predict the wildlife abundance. The forest resources–house material and forest resources–water source significantly predict the water source quality. The community’s forest dependency needs to be revisited to further understand the community’s needs and how this dependency can be made more sustainable, while less destructing the forest. Hence, a sustainable framework involving all stakeholders is needed to manage the community’s forest dependency. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Based on the features of the forest products trading information, a compound keywords vector space model was utilized to represent the user interest model of the forest products trading information website. Every compound keyword in the vector space consists of three keywords, which are supply and demand classification, the name of the forest product and the production place, and some information about the specifications, price and the company name of the forest products. Every compound keyword has a user interest value. The learning and updating of the user interest model were reaiized through the browsing, registering and releasing behaviors of the users and introducing the forgetting factors for the interest values, respectively. The perssstent interests and the temporary interests of the users were distinguished by introducing a temporary interests group. Finally, the recommendation algorithms based on the contents itering were proposed based on our user interest model, and its advantage was demonstrated by comparison experiments [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to find utilization for the solid waste arising from small- and medium-sized juice plants utilizing natural raw materials. The complete chain of Norway spruce (Picea abies) shoots processing into aromatic syrup was reviewed from a resources use optimization view, and a novel, waste-fee processing method was suggested. During the traditional cooking and evaporation process at high operating temperatures, the nutrient value and the flavour of shoots are spoiled, and over 50% of valuable shoot material is wasted. With the novel cold extracting method, the quality of the syrup is improved, and the by-product can be utilized as aromatic seasoning. As a result of such an innovative process, the amount of solid waste, wastewater and flavour loss is significantly reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wood-based industry is one of the main drivers of economic growth in Malaysia. Forest being the source of various lignocellulosic materials has many untapped potentials that could be exploited to produce sustainable and biodegradable nanosized material that possesses very interesting features for use in wood-based industry itself or across many different application fields. Wood-based products sector could also utilise various readily available nanomaterials to enhance the performance of existing products or to create new value added products from the forest. This review highlights recent developments in nanotechnology application in the wood-based products industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Western Siberia's forests cover nearly 75 million hectares and contain roughly 10 percent of the world's growing stock of nontropical wood fiber; more than half of these forests are undeveloped old-growth. The development of oil, gas, and other mineral resources and an inefficient forest economy pose a significant threat to the sustainabilityof these ecosystems, and climatic factors limit forest productivity.But with improvements in forest management, resource protection, andinvestments in the wood industry, Western Siberia can make a significant contribution to global carbon sequestration and industrial wood supply in this new century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's forestry and forest products industries are undergoing important transitions caused by recent efforts to protect national forestsand an increased awareness of environmental problems in the country.The impact of the Natural Forest Protection Program's logging ban and China's entry into the World Trade Organization has yet to be fullyrealized. However, due to the potential size of China's forest products markets, it is appropriate to examine the potential for domestic supply and for forest products exporters to expand their market penetration in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

America's huge pulp and paper industry expanded into the South in the 1930's and 1940's, taking advantage of the forests that covered nearly half of the region from Florida to eastern Texas. The value of forest products came to exceed all other agriculture products. This industry's success and growth depended largely upon the social structure of the South. In Alabama, each pulp and paper mill employed between five and twenty dealers who contracted with between five and fifty producers who, equipped with a saw and a truck, harvested and delivered the wood. During the 1940's and 1950's there were large numbers of agriculture workers willing to cut pulpwood. Those cutting the wood worked directly with the dealers who bought as much pulp as the mill needed at the time. As the demand soared and high-volume producers met it, small producers were being squeezed out of the market by the early 1990's.

The study deals with the biomass production and allocation in young (6 months to 4 years old) Robinia pseudoacacia L. plants. The height,basal girth and dry weight of each component of the plant increased with age. The allocation of current annual dry matter increment amongdifferent components also varied with age. Satisfactory allometric equations relating to biomass of different components with basal girth(Bg) and squared basal diameter x height (bd2h) were developed. The intercomponent biomass relationships were also highly significant and the resulting allometric equations carried smaller error than the equation using Bg as the independent variable. The mean annual increment has increased with age and did not equal current annual increment, indicating the individuals have not attained maturity. Number of root nodules per tree were significantly related to corresponding tree biomass and age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]