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Simple Summary: The differential diagnosis between small melanocytic lesions and choroidal nevus is challenging. We usually rely on clinical risk factors to establish the need for immediate treatment vs. close monitoring followed by treatment if the lesion grows. We aimed to describe the features of small indeterminate choroidal melanocytic lesions visualized on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to identify the predictors of growth. Our findings show that the vessel diameter quantified by OCTA can help differentiate between choroidal nevi and small melanomas, when considered together with clinical risk factors. In this study, we aimed to identify the features of indeterminate choroidal melanocytic lesions visualized on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to identify the predictors of growth. We retrospectively evaluated 86 patients with indeterminate lesions treated at our centre from 2016 to 2021. Clinical management involved active surveillance followed by brachytherapy if growth was detected. The lesions were classified into two groups according to whether they grew (small melanomas) or remained stable (choroidal nevi). Growth was detected in 19 (22.1%) lesions. All patients underwent OCTA at baseline. These images were compared to identify the possible predictors of growth. Significant between-group differences were observed in thickness (p = 0.00), greatest basal diameter (p = 0.00), number of risk factors (p = 0.00), symptoms (p = 0.001; relative risk [RR]: 4.3), orange pigment (p = 0.00; RR: 6.02), and ultrasonographic hollowness (Kappa sign); p = 0.000; RR: 5.3). The melanomas had significantly more vessels with a diameter ≥ 76.3 µm (p = 0.02; RR: 2.46). The time to growth in these lesions was significantly shorter (p = 0.05) than in lesions with smaller vessels. These findings show that vessel diameter quantified by OCTA can help differentiate between choroidal nevi and small melanomas, when considered together with clinical risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To report a case of chorioretinitis as the earliest manifestation of Toxoplasma gondii infection acquired through donor after kidney transplantation. Design/Methods: Three months after kidney transplantation thepatient referred for visual acuity loss in her left eye and was diagnosed withtoxoplasmicchorioretinitis. Systemic treatment was started. Results: The evolution of visual acuity was satisfactory. Laboratory studies confirmed that the patient was seronegative for Toxoplasma gondiiprior to the surgery. Conclusions: The literature reports toxoplasmosis as an uncommon but dangerous source of morbidity and mortality after transplantation. This case highlights the value of the ophthalmologic examination when taking care of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]