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4. Research on Multi-Channel Supply Chain Decisions Considering Carbon Emission Cost and Consumer Loyalty

Author

Gong, Haodong Chen, Hengyi Zhang, Eias Al Humdan, and Mohammed Alharithi

Subjects
carbon emission cost, consumer loyalty, leader manufacturer, multi-channel, supply chain decision
Abstract

Considering carbon emission cost and consumer loyalty, this paper establishes a three-level multi-channel supply chain composed of the leading manufacturer, the retailer, and the consumer and builds a multi-channel supply chain with centralized decision-making and decentralized decision-making modes, and the optimal decision-making under both decision-making modes is solved. The study found that the carbon emission reduction level of multi-channel centralized decision-making is better than that of decentralized decision-making under the same carbon emission cost, and centralized decision-making can improve the carbon emission reduction level. Manufacturers open a direct channel to help reduce carbon emissions and need to consider the cost of emission reduction in their channel decisions. Consumer loyalty also directly impacts channel decisions. Only when carbon emission costs and consumer loyalty are within a reasonable range can new direct sales channels be opened to bring in new profits. Simultaneously, the total profit of the supply chain is greater than that of decentralized decision-making, but the double marginal utility of both parties decreases with the increase in carbon emission costs.

Published
2023
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5. Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals that Activating Transcription Factor 3/c-Jun/Lgals3 Axis Is Associated with Central Diabetes Insipidus after Hypothalamic Injury.

Author

Zhou, Mingfeng, Ou, Yichao, Wu, Guangsen, Li, Kai, Peng, Junjie, Wang, Xingqin, Che, Mengjie, Gong, Haodong, Niu, Peirong, Liu, Yawei, Feng, Zhanpeng, and Qi, Songtao

Subjects
DIABETES insipidus, BODY fluid disorders, TRANSCRIPTION factors, INJURY complications, VASOPRESSIN
Abstract

Background: Hypothalamic injury causes several complicated neuroendocrine-associated disorders, such as water-electrolyte imbalance, obesity, and hypopituitarism. Among these, central diabetes insipidus (CDI), characterized by polyuria, polydipsia, low urine specific gravity, and deficiency of arginine vasopressin contents, is a typical complication after hypothalamic injury. Methods: CDI was induced by hypothalamic pituitary stalk injury in male animals. Behavioral parameters and blood sample were collected to evaluate the characteristics of body fluid metabolism imbalance. The brains were harvested for high-throughput RNA sequencing and immunostaining to identify pathophysiological changes in corresponding hypothalamic nuclei. Results: Based on transcriptomic analysis, we demonstrated the upregulation of the activating transcription factor 3 (Atf3)/c-Jun axis and identified Lgals3, a microglial activation-related gene, as the most significant target gene in response to the body fluid imbalance in CDI. Furthermore, we found that the microglia possessed elevated phagocytic ability, which could promote the elimination of arginine vasopressin neurons after hypothalamic injury. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that the Atf3/c-Jun/Lgals3 axis was associated with the microglial activation, and might participate in the loss of functional arginine vasopressin neurons in CDI after hypothalamic injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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6. Endoplasmic reticulum stress induces apoptosis of arginine vasopressin neurons in central diabetes insipidus via PI3K/Akt pathway

Author

Zhou Mingfeng, Ou Yichao, Feng Zhanpeng, Yong‐Jia Wang, Songtao Qi, Yawei Liu, Gong Haodong, Li Kai, Peng Junjie, and Binghui Qiu

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Vasopressin, endocrine system, genetic structures, MAP Kinase Signaling System, Hypothalamus, Supraoptic nucleus, drug target, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, 03 medical and health sciences, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Random Allocation, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Pharmacology (medical), Protein kinase B, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, Pharmacology, Neurons, Chemistry, Endoplasmic reticulum, apoptosis, Original Articles, central nervous system, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, central diabetes insipidus, Acetylcysteine, Arginine Vasopressin, Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic, Psychiatry and Mental health, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Neuroprotective Agents, Oxytocin, nervous system, PI3K/Akt pathway, Unfolded protein response, Optic chiasma, Original Article, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, medicine.drug
Abstract

Aims Central diabetes insipidus (CDI), a typical complication caused by pituitary stalk injury, often occurs after surgery, trauma, or tumor compression around hypothalamic structures such as the pituitary stalk and optic chiasma. CDI is linked to decreased arginine vasopressin (AVP) neurons in the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus, along with a deficit in circulating AVP and oxytocin. However, little has been elucidated about the changes in AVP neurons in CDI. Hence, our study was designed to understand the role of several pathophysiologic changes such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis of AVP neurons in CDI. Methods In a novel pituitary stalk electric lesion (PEL) model to mimic CDI, immunofluorescence and immunoblotting were used to understand the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Results We reported that in CDI condition, generated by PEL, ER stress induced apoptosis of AVP neurons via activation of the PI3K/Akt and ERK pathways. Furthermore, application of N‐acetylcysteine protected hypothalamic AVP neurons from ER stress‐induced apoptosis through blocking the PI3K/Akt and ERK pathways. Conclusion Our findings showed that AVP neurons underwent apoptosis induced by ER stress, and ER stress might play a vital role in CDI condition through the PI3K/Akt and ERK pathways.

Published
2019

7. An Efficient Method for the Isolation and Cultivation of Hypothalamic Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells From Mouse Embryos.

Author

Ou, Yichao, Che, Mengjie, Peng, Junjie, Zhou, Mingfeng, Wu, Guangsen, Gong, Haodong, Li, Kai, Wang, Xingqin, Niu, Peirong, Qi, Songtao, and Feng, Zhanpeng

Subjects
PROGENITOR cells, NEUROENDOCRINE system, INSTINCT (Behavior), HYPOTHALAMUS, EMBRYOS, MICE
Abstract

The hypothalamus is the key region that regulates the neuroendocrine system as well as instinct behaviors, and hypothalamic dysfunction causes refractory clinical problems. Recent studies have indicated that neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) in the hypothalamus play a crucial role in hypothalamic function. However, specific hypothalamic NSPC culture methods have not been established, especially not detailed or efficient surgical procedures. The present study presented a convenient, detailed and efficient method for the isolation and cultivation of hypothalamic NSPCs from embryonic day 12.5 mice. The procedure includes embryo acquisition, brain microdissection to quickly obtain hypothalamic tissue and hypothalamic NSPC culture. Hypothalamic NSPCs can be quickly harvested and grow well in both neurosphere and adherent cultures through this method. Additionally, we confirmed the cell origin and evaluated the proliferation and differentiation properties of cultured cells. In conclusion, we present a convenient and practical method for the isolation and cultivation of hypothalamic NSPCs that can be used in extensive hypothalamic studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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