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Objectives: Rezum (Boston Scientific) water vapour therapy is an effective day case minimally invasive surgical treatment (MIST) for men with troublesome lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) due to benign prostatic obstruction. The potential place for MISTs in the treatment of patients with urinary retention or permanent catheter dependence is currently unclear. Patients and Methods: A total of 48 patients presenting with retention of urine (out of a total of 524 patients) over a 4-year period from 2017 underwent Rezum treatment. All patients were followed up at 3, 6 and 12 months after the procedure. At each visit, flow rate, post void residual urine, and patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) including International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) were recorded. Results: A total of 34 patients had an indwelling catheter prior to treatment and 14 were self-catheterising. The mean age was 67 years (standard deviation (SD) = 3) with a mean prostate volume of 56 mL (SD = 6). The average number of injections per case was 8 (SD1), which included median lobe (ML) treatment in one man. 75% of the patients passed their post treatment trial without catheter (TWOC). IPSS improved to 6 (p = 0.001) in 12 months. Conclusion: The results from this cohort of patients are encouraging. Further evaluation with longer follow-up is required. The addition of MISTs to the portfolio of options for men with retention of urine may offer a streamlined and efficient alternative to the conventional treatments, and help therefore to reduce the national waiting list, and allow men a more rapid solution avoiding prolonged catheterisation. Level of evidence: Not applicable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study pivoted on the numerical simulation of magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow through the irregular boundary over the Riga plate with heat radiation, suction/injection. The governing equations of continuity, momentum, and energy are constructed to be nonlinear in nature, based on the current problem. The combination of Quasilinear technique with finite difference method using irregular boundaries has been used to solve the governing equations. The velocity profile is enhanced for incremented values of Hartman number. The thermal radiation parameter due to Rosseland approximations is enhanced for temperature and concentration profiles whereas it declines the heat transfer and mass transfer profiles. Temperature, concentration, and heat transfer rates increase for augmented magnetic parameter values, but velocity and skin friction coefficient profiles show the opposite behaviour. The enhanced values of Biot number along with suction/injection parameter reduces the values of skin friction coefficient. The radiation parameter helps to drop the energy rate in the fluid flow as it reduced the skin friction coefficient values. The upsurged values of the thermal radiation parameter along with electromagnetic parameter decreases the values of the Nusselt number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research study discusses the flow of a magnetohydrodynamic Casson fluid under the influence of Soret, Dufour, and thermal radiation. Nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE) of governing equations is transformed into a dimensionless version of the modified PDEs presented in terms of dimensionless parameters. The solution of coupled PDEs is obtained by the finite difference method with a combination of the quasilinearization technique. The effects of various dimensionless parameters are shown graphically, such as buoyancy force (λ $\lambda $), concentration buoyancy force (λC) $({\lambda }_{{\rm{C}}})$, Casson parameter (β $\beta $), magnetic parameter (H $H$), thermal radiation (Rd $Rd$), Darcy parameter (K0 ${K}_{0}$), Forchheimer (fr), Dufour (Df ${D}_{f}$), Soret (Sor), Brownian motion (Nb $Nb$), thermopohersis (Nt $Nt$), and Lewis number (Le $Le$). Prevention of heat transfer in the industrial system is critical, the velocity behavior (F $F$), thermal variation (θ $\theta $), and concentration profile (ϕ $\phi $) are more prominent in the roles of coal, gas, and solar thermal collectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of the current study is to deal with magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nanoliquid flow over moving vertical plate with variable Prandtl numbers and viscosities. This analysis also includes the influence of thermal radiation. Quite significant variation in viscosity and Prandtl number in highrange temperature is observed. Thus, Prandtl number and viscosity are surmised to vary as an inversely proportional linear function of temperature. Problem definition: The MHD nanoliquid flow is considered along with the semi-infinite plate with the velocity Uw toward the x-direction, which is also the direction for free-stream velocity (U∞). The geometrical sketch of the physical problem with the coordinate system is shown in Figure 1. The coordinate system has two coordinate axes: the ξ-coordinate (x) and η-coordinate (y). They are perpendicular to each other. The mathematical modeling of physical problem has been formulated by incorporating viscous terms into the governing equation related to thermal radiation, buoyant force, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and magnetic parameter. Methodology: The mathematical modeling of current physical problem consists of highly nonlinear partial differential equations which have been solved numerically using quasilinearization technique along with finite difference method. The present outcome during numerical simulation is outlined in terms of velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles and they are analyzed with suitable physical reasons. Main results: The impact of various parameters on the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles has been discussed with physical explanation. Velocity profile (F) of the fluid enhances and concentration (ϕ) reduces with escalating buoyancy parameter (λ). In particular, 13% increment in velocity profile is observed as λ increases by 0.9 scale [0.9 → 1.8], whereas 17% reduction in concentration profiles is noticed as λ increases by 0.5 scale [1.5 → 2.0] at other fixed parameters. It is observed that magnetic parameter (H) increases the temperature (θ) and concentration profiles (ϕ), whereas it works as deduction parameter for velocity profile (F). The increasing value of thermophoresis (Nt) and Lewis number (Le) works as catalyst for velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles. As thermophoresis (Nt) increases from 0.5 to 2.0, temperature profile approximately increases 65% at other fixed parameters. As Lewis number (Le) increases from 0.5 to 4.0, then the temperature increases approximately 75% at other fixed parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The physical properties of different varieties of cotton fibres of various origins have been studied after extraction using solvents and alkali scouring with reference to enzyme scouring process. Enzyme scoured samples show comparable results with that of solvent extracted and alkali scoured samples in terms of fibre fineness, weight loss, moisture regain, strength and elongation. The scouring processes improve the properties of the fibres in the order: solvent extraction < enzyme scouring < ammonium oxalate extraction < alkali scouring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]