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OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to evaluate whether ovarian suppression by two different hormonal methods may spare the ovary the cytotoxic effects of isotretinoin in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four groups (n=8 Sprague-Dawley albino rats per group) were studied: control (Group I), 7.5 mg/kg/day isotretinoin (Group II), isotretinoin plus the combination of 0.030 mg ethinyl estradiol/0.15 mg levonorgestrel (combined oral contraceptive, COC), and isotretinoin plus 100 µg (microgram) leuprolide acetate (GnRHa) (Group III and IV, respectively). Four rats from each group were decapitated on the 30th day of treatment, and the remaining rats were decapitated on the 30th day of untreated follow-up. Serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) concentrations, healthy and atretic follicle numbers, and apoptotic activity of follicles in oophorectomy specimens were compared between the groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in AMH levels among the study groups before, immediately after (first month), and one month after their last medication (second month) (p=0.08, 0.47, and 0.08, respectively). At the end of the first month, the control group had a higher median count of healthy primordial follicles compared to the study groups: 13.5 (8-22), 5.5 (3-11), 6 (2-13), and 1 (0-1) in control, isotretinoin, isotretinoin+ COC, and isotretinoin+GnRHa groups, respectively (p=0.02). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the number of healthy primordial follicles between the groups one month after the last medication (p=0.33). The median atretic antral follicle counts in the first month were 2 (1-4), 3.5 (1-4), 0 (0-2), and 0 (0-0) in the control, isotretinoin, isotretinoin+COC, and isotretinoin+GnRHa groups, respectively (p=0.02). Otherwise, there were no significant differences in other types of follicles among the control and treated groups (p>0.05). There was also no statistical difference between the groups regarding immunostaining intensity for active caspase-3 evaluated in the first or second month of treatment (p=0.8 and 0.2, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that GnRH agonists or COC have no protective effects on ovarian reserve when co-administered with isotretinoin in the rat model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Majority of gynecologic oncologists perform low para-aortic dissection, while only one in ten incorporated para-aortic dissection to the level of renal vessels. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the necessity of para-aortic lymph node dissection (LND) in the surgical management of the endometrioid type endometrial cancer (EC). Materials and Methods: Endometrioid type EC patients who were operated at the present institution were included in the study. The patients were stratified according to the modified Mayo Clinic risk criteria. According to these criteria, the authors identified each patient as low risk or high risk for extra-uterine disease spread on final pathology reports. Low risk criteria for nodal disease were identified as grade 1 or 2 endometrioid type disease, equal or less than 1/2 myometrial invasion (MI), and greatest tumor diameter equal or less than 2 cm. Results: Three hundred eighty-six patients were operated with the diagnosis of endometrioid type EC. Two hundred forty-seven patients had high risk factors for extra-uterine disease; thus, complete surgical staging was performed to this group. The remaining 139 patients had low risk criteria. The median follow-up time was 35 months (minimum two months, maximum 97 months). Twenty-six patients (10.5%) died of disease during the follow-up period. Two hundred fifteen patients (87%) had negative nodes, while remaining 32 (12.6%) patients had pelvic and/or para-aortic LN metastasis. Thirteen patients (40.6%) had only pelvic LN involvement (Stage 3C1), 19 patients (59.4%) had either pelvic and/or para-aortic LN involvement (Stage 3C2), and six patients (18.6%) had isolated para-aortic LN involvement. Conclusion: The present authors advocate the value of para-aortic LND in surgical management of EC, and retroperitoneal LND should not be limited to pelvic nodes, a systematic para-aortic dissection up to left renal vein should be performed for the patients with at least one risk factor for nodal disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ZnO, Co doped ZnO (ZnO:Co) and CoO thin films were deposited on glass substrates by using the spark discharge technique with Zn-Zn, Zn-Co and Co-Co metal electrodes (tips). The structural and optical properties of the films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy measurements and UV-Vis spectrometry. Cubic phase reflection of CoO (200) was observed in the samples containing Co. The size of nanoparticles had varied between 38 nm and 200 nm in ZnO thin films. When Co electrode was used, spherical structure had deteriorated and clusters of particles, with smaller radii, were observed. In addition, when Co-Co electrode pairs were used, various cavities with different sizes were formed. Especially, it was observed that the optical transmittance had generally increased with the decreasing spark (charge) voltage, while increasing with the number of sparks. The Co-containing samples were green in color and it was observed that the loss of transmission appears in a specific region in the Co-doped ZnO thin films due to characteristic d-d transition of Co2+ ions. The thickness of the films had decreased with the increasing number of sparks. In addition, the band gap energy, Eg, evaluated by UV-Vis spectroscopy measurements has been shifted to higher wavelengths (red shift) for the ZnO:Co thin films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose of investigation: The present study aims to investigate the incidence, clinicopathological features, and experience of treatment outcomes of patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma (EC) at ≤ 40 years of age in a gynecologic oncology reference center in Ankara, Turkey. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 577 patients with EC, diagnosed and treated between 2007 and 2013. Results: The incidence of EC ≤ 40 years of age was 5.1% (n: 30). The mean age at diagnosis was 35.5 (range: 27-40). Most of the patients with EC were overweight or obese. However, 23% had normal body mass index (BMI). Infertility was seen as a risk factor in 38.4%. The mean duration of postoperative follow-up was 38.3 months with rates of disease persistence and recurrence 14.2% and 28.5%, respectively. Conclusion: The disease is diagnosed usually in its early stage and has a good prognosis. Appropriately selected patients with fertility desire have the opportunity to conceive with conservative management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose of the study: The study was conducted to determine whether preoperative serum levels of cancer antigen (CA) 125, CA15-3, CA19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) are associated clinicopathologically with poor prognostic parameters and adjuvant treatment requirements in women with pure endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC). Materials and Methods: The authors performed a retrospective review of EEC cases that were treated between January 2008 and January 2011. The association between preoperative tumor markers and prognostic parameters, recurrence risk, and adjuvant treatment requirements were investigated. Following univariate analyses, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for each marker to assess their capacity to predict prognostic parameters and need for adjuvant treatment. Results: A total of 166 EEC cases were identified. Mean CA125, CA15-3, and CAI 9-9 levels were higher in cases that required adjuvant treatment (p < 0.05). CA125 had significant power for prediction of extrauterine disease, tumor size > two cm, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), deep myometrial invasion, cervical involvement, adnexal involvement, positive cytology, lymph node metastasis, and adjuvant treatment requirement. CAI5-3 was a significant marker for adjuvant treatment prediction. CAI 9-9 could predict deep myometrial invasion, cervical involvement, and adjuvant treatment requirement. However, CEA and AFP did not have adequate capacity to predict any of the poor prognostic parameters and adjuvant treatment requirements. Conclusions: C A125 is currently one of the most important preoperative markers for identifying EEC cases that exhibit postoperatively poor prognostic pathologic findings and a consequent need for adjuvant treatment. CA 15-3 and CAI 9-9 were also significant markers with limited capacity in detecting prognostic parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The present study aims to review cases of extremely rare primary ovarian tumors and thus, to evaluate the distribution of rare primary ovarian pathologies. Various aspects of the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of these tumors are discussed. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of women with final pathology of rare primary ovarian tumors, which were managed at the Gynecologic Oncology Department of Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, from 1995 to 2010 was undertaken. Results: Among the 2,210 women treated during the study period, extremely rare ovarian tumors accounted for 1.62% (36/2210) of all cases. Conclusion: It is important to be aware of these rare entities in the pathological diagnosis of ovarian tumors. Intraoperative frozen examination should be performed because rare benign conditions that mimic malignancy may not require radical surgery. The rarity of these tumors renders basic scientific advances more challenging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: Our aim to assess the impact of sonographically measured lesion size and initial human chorionic gonadotropin levels on treatment success in cases of complete hydatidiform mole (CHM). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with CHM diagnosed between January 2007 and January 2012 were included in the study. Clinical parameters such as patient age, fertility history, smoking, alcohol consumption, presenting symptom, pregnancy duration, ultrasonographic mean lesion size, beta-hCG level on admission, primary treatment method, beta-hCG normalization time (NT) and adjuvant treatments were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: One hundred-twelve cases of CHM were identified in the study period. Mean patient age was 27.3 ± 8.2 years. Suction curettage was employed as the primary treatment in all of the study cases. No perioperative complications were encountered. None of the patients were treated with prophylactic adjuvant chemotherapy. Twelve patients (10.7%) required adjuvant chemotherapy. Beta-hCG NT did not have an association with patient age and initial beta-hCG levels (p > 0.05). Also, patient age, gravidity, parity, smoking, initial beta-hCG and ultrasonographic mean lesion size did not predict adjuvant chemotherapy requirement (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Early detection and treatment of CHM is associated with a favorable clinical outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: During harvest of grapes for wine production in Turkey, a total of 28 fresh grape pomace samples from white and red wine grape varieties were collected from wine production facilities. Samples were classified by grape color and the pomace from red grapes was separated manually into stalk, skin plus pulp and seed fractions. Nutrient contents were determined for total samples and for fractions. Assays included dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and ash. To estimate ruminal digestion, in vitro disappearance of DM and NDF were determined using ruminal fluid collected at a local slaughterhouse. Color of grape altered (P<0.05) DM, CP, NDF and ADF content of the grape pomace. Although in vitro disappearance of DM and NDF at 48h was similar for pomace from both white and red grapes, DM disappearance was higher at short incubation times for pomace from red grapes. Nutrient content generally differed among the fractions of pomace assayed, and in vitro disappearance of DM at 48h was higher for skin plus pulp and for seed than for the stalk fraction of the pomace. Fresh grape pomace, particularly pomace from red grapes rich in skin and seed, should be a suitable feed for ruminants and to nonruminants with extensive cecal fermentation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

We describe the treatment of a 10-year-old girl with autosomal recessive Dyskeratosis congenita (DC), neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and combined immunodeficiency by nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The conditioning regimen consisted of fludarabine 30?mg/m2/day (days -5, -4, -3) and 2?Gy TBI (0.07?Gy/min; day 0). For graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis a course of intravenous MMF and CSA was administered. At 2 years after transplantation of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilized peripheral blood stem cells from a healthy 11-year-old HLA-identical brother, peripheral blood counts and T- and B-cell functions have completely normalized and donor chimerism was 100% in all cell lineages. No GVHD occurred. Neurological examination and lung function remained normal. The current transplantation regimen appears suitable, safe and efficacious in patients with DC.Bone Marrow Transplantation (2003) 31, 407-410. doi:10.1038/sj.bmt.1703844 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a study that evaluated the efficacy and safety of an intravenous liposomal formulation of busulphan for stem cell transplantation. Methodology; Results; Discussion.

The objective of this study was to report and discuss the incidence, clinical characteristics and outcomes of emergency peripartum hysterectomies (EPH) performed at a tertiary referral hospital in Ankara, Turkey. The labour and delivery unit database was retrospectively analysed for emergency peripartum hysterectomies (EPH) performed between January 2008 and January 2013, at the Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Training and Research Hospital. A total of 92,887 deliveries were accomplished within the study period. EPH was performed in 48 cases, and the incidence was 0.51 in 1,000. Abnormal placentation was the most common indication for EPH. Most common complications were blood product transfusion and postoperative fever. None of the cases resulted in maternal mortality. Serious maternal complication rates were relatively low in our study. In cases that are unresponsive to initial conservative measures, EPH should be performed without delay and a multidisciplinary team approach should be conducted whenever possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether it was necessary to add omentectomy and appendectomy to the surgical staging of endometrioid endometrial cancer. Materials and Methods: Records were reviewed from June 2005 to June 2009 for endometrioid endometrial cancer patients who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy, infracolic omentectomy and appendectomy. Results: In total, 186 patients were included in the analysis. Disease was limited to uterus in 93% of patients and 87% of patients had Stage 1 disease. There was only one omental metastasis and no appendix metastasis in all stages. Conclusion: Routine omentectomy and appendectomy are unnecessary in surgical staging of endometrioid endometrial cancer unless there is suspicion of gross metastases during intraoperative examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study that aims to examine the preoperative value of cancer antigen (CA) 125 in the diagnosis of leiomyoma and uterine sarcoma in Turkish female in Turkey. The assessment of CA 125 values in the uterine sarcoma group revealed that those with carcinosarcoma had higher mean values in CA 125. The study concluded that the preoperative serum CA 125 level have no predictivity and no connection between staging and CA 125 in uterine sarcomas.

The article presents a case study of a 47-year-old woman with abnormal vaginal bleeding and abdominal discomfort. Clinical diagnosis required a pelvic ultrasonography which revealed a 4cm solid ovarian mass while a laparoscopy indicated a smooth-surfaced adnexal mass with solid and cystic portions. Pathologic and immunohistochemical testing revealed a primary ovarian carcinoid which came from a mature cystic teratoma.

Studies primary fallopian tube carcinoma and indicates a possible association between this tumor and tuberculosis. Compatibility of postoperative results with unilateral primary adenocarcinoma of fallopian tube; Treatment regimen given to patients with fallopian tube carcinoma; Observations made after final histopathological investigations of such patients.

Within this paper, pumice is investigated in general and its importance is emphasized for our county's economy. Pumice which has a hardness of 5-6 with a specific gravity of 1-2 g/cm 3 owns many pores from micro to microscale. Its heat and sound insulation is extremely high whereas its permeability is too low due to its pore's independence from each other. It has got wide use areas in industry today due to those vital physical properties. Pumice which is produced by very simple mining and processing methods, has been used in many different fields, such as construction, textile, chemical and agricultural industries. This work aims to reveal scientific, technical and statistical information about pumice whose importance has been increasing day by day for our country's economy as an industrial mineral and try to raise the common interests of both industrialists and scientists about its mining and processing.

Bu makale kapsamında genel olarak pomza incelenmiş ve ülkemiz ekonomisinde pomzaya verilmesi gereken önem gözler önüne serilmiştir. Sertliği 5-6 ve özgül ağırlığı 1-2 gr/cm 3 olan pomza, makro ölçekten mikro ölçeğe kadar birçok gözenek içermektedir. Gözenekler arası genellikle bağlantısız boşluklu olduğundan geçirgenliği düşük, ısı ve ses yalıtımı oldukça yüksektir. Bu üstün fiziksel özelliklerinden dolayı pomza, günümüzde birçok endüstride geniş kullanım alanına sahiptir. Çok basit madencilik ve üretim prosesleriyle üretilen pomza, Dünya'da inşaat sanayiinden tekstil sanayiine, tarım sanayiinden kimya sanayiine kadar birçok farklı alanda kullanım olanağı bulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; ülkemiz ekonomisindeki yeri ve önemi günden güne artan pomzanın bir endüstriyel hammadde olarak tanıtılarak, bilim ve endüstrinin pomza madenciliği ve üretim proseslerine olan ilgisinin artırılması amaçlanmıştır.

The article presents a case study of a 52-year-old menopausal woman who was referred to oncology department due to complaint of vaginal bleeding. She was founded with necrotic, exophytic mass in vagina which originates from the vaginal wall. Biopsy shows squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the vagina. She has undergone the vaginal rectus abdominis myocutaneous (V-RAM) flap reconstruction after the vaginectomy and hysterectomy. It discusses the vaginal reconstruction after resection procedure.

Abstract Background This is a quasi-experimental case control research focusing on the impact of systematic preoperative instruction on the level of postoperative anxiety in gyneoncologic patients. The population studied consists of the gyneoncologic surgery patients admitted to the Gynecologic Oncology Service at Zekai Tahir Burak Gynecology Training and Research Hospital from May to September 2010. Patients and methods Through a random sampling, 60 patients were recruited in each group. The study group was given a systematic preoperative instruction while the control group was given routine nursing care. Patients were interviewed in the postoperative period and anxiety was measured. The data-collecting tool consisted of the Individual Information Form and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The collected data were analyzed by using the SPSS Program to find the frequency, the percentage, the mean and the standard variables, and the hypothesis was tested with Chi-square, variance, and t-independent test. Results It was found that the incidence rates from the post-operative anxiety score of the study group were lower than those of the control group (p < .05). The results of this research demonstrated that gyneoncologic surgery patients who were given systematic preoperative instruction felt less anxious than the ones who were given merely a routine nursing care. Conclusions Results of this study suggest that preoperative instruction programs aiming at informing gyneoncologic surgery patients at the preoperative stage should be organized in hospitals and have an essential role.

Presents a case report which described primary choriocarcinoma of the ovary. Estimated incidence of primary gestational choriocarcinoma; Details on the management given to the patient; Conclusion.

Bone Marrow Transplantation (2002) 30, S11–S15. doi:10.1038/sj.bmt.1703744 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]