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Case presentation: Female, 8 years old, with onset of seizures at 2 months, evolving with refractory epilepsy. The seizures were characterized by behavioral arrest and vacant gaze, in addition to episodes of loss of tone and head turn to the right with intense salivation. Patient has used topiramate, nitrazepam, carbamazepine and valproate. On examination, he is moderately mentally retarded and does not speak. Prolonged videoelectroencephalogram demonstrated focal seizures in the right cerebral hemisphere and resonance image showed right frontal cortical dysplasia associated with right occipital heterotopic nodule. Surgery was performed with intraoperative monitoring. After complete resection of the lesion and the initial epileptiform discharges, a greater extension of the epileptiform pattern was observed, which became more diffuse with each resection extension. At follow up patient persisted with seizures with only a discrete frequency reduction. Discussion: Epilepsies in childhood have several causes, including genetic and structural ones, emphasizing the importance of overlapping etiologies. Encephalopathy, characterized by diffuse brain dysfunction, should be considered even in patients with predefined lesions, as it is an important cause of epileptic seizures. Final comments: The case in question shows persistence of epileptiform paroxysms even with resection of the lesion and the initial epileptiform discharges. This finding may be related to the epileptic encephalopathy that patients with early onset epilepsies present. Although it is not possible to absolutely affirm, earlier surgery could have avoided this pattern of secondary epileptogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silage additives that have been tested successfully according to the DLG regulations are given the DLG quality label. Information on the type of additive, which is included in the label, helps farmers to select the appropriate one for his special silage crop. Economic effects from the use of silage additives are obtained if not only fermentation losses decrease but also the animal performance increase. The use of silage additive for the production of wilted grass silages can be recommended in all ranges of dry matter content (to baout 50) especially for those additives that are able to improve nutritive value and animal performance (DLG label, group IV). Silage additives can only show thier potentials if the complete systems of silage production and feeding is carried out on a high level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The realisation of high yields and quality in silage maize production concerns all measurements from planting uo to harvesting. In order to reduce gernination losses the date of planting should allow a germination period of less than 20 days. Under north east german conditions (similar to Palinenaue station) that is possible from April, 20th onwards. The control of weeds must have taken place before the 3rd maize leave has emerged, if low yield losses are to be obtained. With every new maize leave that emerges after the 2 leave stage the yield losses increase by about 5 When the corn DM has exceeded 60and the cob DM content has exceeded 55respectively the starch and energy content is at a maximum, including the optimum harvesting period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]