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Objectives. Several studies have shown that one of the most common causes of collision is driver fatigue since fatigue causes drowsiness while driving and this decreases the driver's ability to maneuver the vehicle and increases the probability of their nodding off and falling asleep at the wheel. This may be due to a variety of personal reasons and specific factors connected to working conditions. In the present work we therefore intend to develop a predictive model for fatigue in professional drivers using the following indicators: age, gender, personality, burnout, characteristics and job content. Method. The participants were 516 professional drivers from different transport sectors, obtained through non-probabilistic sampling. SPSS version 25.0 was used for data analysis. Results. The predictive capacity of a number of variables that affect drivers by causing fatigue is determined. Fatigue can be predicted through certain variables, with the best predictor being exhaustion (48.8%). Conclusions. This research contributes to a greater knowledge of the factors that produce fatigue in professional drivers. It highlights the importance of designing interventions to reduce the incidence of fatigue, resulting in greater well-being for the driver and a lower incidence of collisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. Stress maintained over time leads to a state of exhaustion known as burnout syndrome. This syndrome constitutes an occupational health problem, leading to high absenteeism. It can also mean that workers come to the workplace feeling unwell, which increases occupational collisions and injuries at work. In this study, we developed a predictive model of burnout in professional drivers using the following indicators: age, hours worked, seniority, educational level, fatigue, personality, attitudes toward driving, safety behaviors in the vehicle, and work characteristics and content. Method. A total of 523 professional drivers from different transport sectors, obtained through non-probability sampling, participated in the study. We used SPSS version 25.0 to analyze the data. Results. We determined the predictive capacity of certain variables that affect drivers and cause burnout. Exhaustion can be predicted with fatigue (48.8%), professional efficiency with emotional stability (39.8%) and cynicism with lack of motivation (28%) as the best predictors. Conclusions. The results contribute to a better knowledge of those factors that cause burnout in professional drivers. It is important to design individual interventions to reduce burnout, which would help reduce sick leave and possible collisions, in addition to providing greater well-being for drivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. Professional drivers drive for many hours without rest. This factor, in addition to the characteristics of the job, the vehicle, the environment and the driver, causes driver fatigue. Fatigue is one of the most common risk factors when driving because it causes drowsiness, decreases drivers' attention and may make them fall asleep at the wheel. In this article we propose a predictive model for professional drivers using the following variables: age, number of children, time spent at work, time spent inside the vehicle, personality, job characteristics (JDS), job content (JCQ) and burnout. Method. Participants were 509 professional drivers from various transport sectors recruited by non-probabilistic sampling. SPSS version 25.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results. The predictive capacity of variables that cause driver fatigue was determined. Exhaustion best predicts fatigue positively, while openness to experience best predicts it negatively. Burnout and certain personality characteristics are good predictors, whereas other variables, such as JCQ and JDS, are weak predictors. Conclusions. This study extends our knowledge of the factors that cause fatigue in professional drivers and underlines the importance of designing interventions aimed at reducing the incidence of fatigue, promoting greater driver well-being and lowering the incidence of accidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After more than a decade of progressive decline in statistical records of accidents at work, the confluence between economic crisis and labor reform has led, since 2013, a rebound in the loss ratio, parallel to the increase in contractual precariousness, the contraction of public and business policies in the field of occupational health, as well as the reduction of coverage and functions of union representation. The article reviews the normative regulation and recent evolution of the Spanish model of prevention of occupational risks, both physical and psycho-social, investigating the causes and effects of the correlation detected among its main indicators (prevention, training, accident rate and evaluation) with those of the employee participation system, both generic (union delegates and works councils) and specialized (prevention delegates and health and safety committees), concluding with various proposals aimed at strengthening and expanding this union intervention.

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar el proceso de elaboración de un Plan Mínimo de Prevención de Riesgos Laborables para la microempresa Lavadora y Lubricadora Cantos Jr. del cantón Puerto López, en Ecuador. Ha sido definida la política de seguridad y salud en el trabajo; identificados, medidos y evaluados los factores de riesgos en los puestos de trabajo de dicha microempresa a fin de proponer medidas de control y, de esta manera, garantizar la prevención de accidentes laborales y enfermedades ocupacionales. El desarrollo del trabajo se apoyó en el método de evaluación de riesgos de William Fine, el método Istas 21, y en la aplicación de la Matriz de Riesgos Laborales. Para la elaboración del Plan Mínimo de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales se considera el formato expedido por el Ministerio de Relaciones Laborales, ajustado a la definición de la política en esta materia y a la gestión técnica del reglamento para el Sistema de Auditoría de Riesgos del Trabajo, como resultado, se resalta del plan mínimo propuesto la definición de la política, los capítulos y los artículos adaptados a la microempresa en estudio, los cuales contribuyen a garantizar la seguridad y salud de sus trabajadores. // The objective of this work is to present the elaboration of a Minimum Plan of Prevention of Working Risks for the microcompany (Microenterprise es más usado) “Lavadora and Lubricadora Cantos Jr.” of the canton Puerto Lopez, in Ecuador. The health and safety at work policy has been defined. The risk factors at the workplace have been identified, measured and evaluated in order to propose some control measures that will ensure the prevention of occupational injuries and illnesses. The development of this work was based on the William Fine risk assessment method and Istas 21 method, and the application of the Risk Working Matrix. For the elaboration of the Minimum Plan for the Prevention of Occupational Risks, the format issued by the Ministry of Labor Relations is considered, adjusted to the ruling policy in this matter, and to the technical management of the Regulations for the Workplace Risk Audit System. As a result, the definition of the policy, chapters, and articles adapted to the microenterprise under study are highlighted, to ensure the safety and health of its workers.

El presente trabajo se realizó en el área de desposte de una empresa de productos cárnicos, ubicada en la ciudad de Barquisimeto estado Lara, Venezuela, con el objetivo de evaluar ergonómicamente los puestos de trabajo, debido a padecimientos de enfermedades de tipo músculo esqueléticas en sus trabajadores. En tal sentido, se aplicaron como técnicas de recolección y análisis de información: Observación directa, entrevistas, diagrama de flujo de procesos, lista de verificación, diagrama causa-efecto. Del mismo modo, se evaluó el nivel de riesgo disergonómico mediante el método Valoración Rápida del Cuerpo Completo (REBA), determinando que las mayores causas asignables a la presencia de estas patologías se deben a los movimientos repetitivos, trabajo netamente manual, adopción de posturas forzadas, falta de tiempos de descanso, altura inadecuada de los puestos de trabajo, ausencia de equipos mecánicos, traduciéndose como exposición a un alto nivel de riesgo. En consecuencia, se recomendó la implementación de mejoras inmediatas para el beneficio de los operadores, que incluyeron: instalación de alfombras antifatiga, pausas y tiempos de descansos, rotación de trabajadores, rediseño de puesto de trabajo acordes a las medidas antropométricas de los trabajadores, formación del personal e implementación de equipo mecánicos. // The present work was developed in the deboning area of a meat products company, located in the city of Barquisimeto, Lara state, Venezuela, with the objective of evaluating the ergonomics of its workstations, due to musculoskeletal illnesses reported in some workers. In this sense, the data collection and analysis techniques used were: Direct observation, interviews, process flow chart, checklist and cause-effect diagrams. The level of dysergonomic risk was assessed using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment method (REBA), determining that the major causes of the mentioned pathologies were repetitive movements, manual work adopting forced postures, lack of rest periods, inadequate height of the work stations, and no mechanicals equipments for specific tasks, all this resulting in a high risk level for the employees. Consequently, in order to reduce these risks, a set of measures were recommended for its immediated application. Among these measures were: the installations of anti-fatigue carpets, implementation of resting periods, rotating schedules, redesign of workstations according to the anthropometric measures of the workers, training of personnel and installation of mechanical equipment to perform certain tasks.

The investigation was developed in the Recapadora of Pneumatic Ramiro Blanco Torres of Santiago from Cuba. In the same one they were identified as labor risks the mechanical, chemical, physical, ergonomic risks, of fire and bigger risks, which can generate severe damages to the health of the workers 97 factors of risks were identified being the area that more risks present that of production, from which you/they can expand some damages generated by the existent risks. For the identification of the risks a womb of identification of risks was elaborated besides a diagram it causes-effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary vector of the dengue fever virus, the Aedes aegypti mosquito, is distributed across the tropical and sub-tropical latitudes; however, the area at risk of infection has been expanding steadily. This study aimed to identify the industries most vulnerable to the effects of dengue fever by 2030. The assessment was done by considering the international supply chain, with aspects such as the labor intensity, and the relevant geographical and socioeconomic aspects being taken into account. In addition, multi-regional input-output tables were employed to analyze the ripple effects of productivity losses resulting from workers contracting the disease. The results indicate that more than 10% of the workers involved in the supply chain of all the major industries in the United States (USA), China, Japan, and Germany could be considered at risk of contracting dengue fever by 2030. Moreover, the risk was even higher in India and Brazil, namely, more than 70%. The effect of widespread dengue fever infection could influence industrial activities severely, not only in the regions most at risk (India and Brazil) but also in the other regions (USA, Japan, and Germany). Labor-intensive industries, such as agriculture, fisheries, and the distribution sector are particularly at risk and will have to consider appropriate contingency measures. It is recommended that the downstream side of the supply chain, the industries in the USA, Japan, and Germany, supports the introduction of worker’s health management system against the infectious disease into their business partners. This study employed limited data and only estimated the possible effects of the disease by 2030. Further comprehensive analysis is required with more data modeled for the future to verify and enhance the reliability of the present results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is based on the applied research “Environmental Management of the Dental Amalgam in Antioquia, Colombia”, which was financed by the company New Stetic S. A. and the University of Antioquia. The research was carried out between 2005 and 2007 by the following groups: Biomedical Science and Technology, Precious Materials, and Pyrometallurgical and Materials Researches, and the Research and Development Division of the mentioned company. Objetive: to describe and characterize the activities about handling mercury, dental amalgam and its waste in 107 dental offices defined as medium and small, that is to say those with less than five dental chairs in the same workplace. Methodology: a poll was made in each institution filling a questionnaire about personal details of the interviewee, mercury and amalgam handling, occupational health, training, environmental conditions, and waste management. Each dental office was visited by a research engineer and an advanced engineering student who were trained in advance in order to collect the information. Results: a reflection aimed to establish integral actions and safe methodologies in the short term to promote a better quality service and a minimum risk for the people exposed to mercury and the ecosystem must be encouraged by dental and administrative staff, as well as by surveillance and control institutions and the educational institutions devoted to the formation of dental professionals.

Abstract: The year 2010 is a key year for European railway transport as it marks the liberalization of the railway sector in a context of economic crisis. The railway sector is a driving force behind the economy of any country. In the case of Spain, in particular, the sector is undergoing a process of liberalization following large public investments that have provided the country with one of the most extensive high-speed railway networks in Europe. Using a methodological approach that seeks a balance between future studies and constructivist studies on the interaction between technology and society, we examine the present and future consequences of railway transport liberalization, in the case-study of Spain, focusing on a key aspect of the process: changes in occupational health and safety conditions in a sector that must ensure full passenger, worker and freight safety. Through a comparison of actual risks, perceived risks and foreseeable risks, we analyze the main shortcomings of the liberalization model that is currently being implemented and strategies for dealing with foreseeable risks in a scenario of change. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In the present article a general procedure for managing work safety and health in the Cuban business sector is proposed, with a focus on achieving an effective management of human capital which may increasingly contribute to productivity and life quality workers' improvement. As a result of the application of this procedure we could prove the possibility of identifying, assessing and controlling work risks in a systematic way and also to design work safety and health management programs including the risks prevention program, all kind disasters' plans, plans for fire extinction and first aids in the Cuban business entities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Social representation of nurses and academics of nursing about the perception of the works risks in which they are exposed in units of health care attendance services. Analyzing 18 people's perception among nurses and academics of nursing on the risks in which they are exposed in the hospital environment and in primary attendance services to the health, we used the social representations as a methodological referential. We used the analysis of content proposed by Bardin and we recorded the interviews starting from an specific question. "Cartoon" technique and the free drawings technique were used to collect data, and the methodological course is explicit in seven steps. It could be noticed as risks, the institutional relationships, professional and personal relationships. The work conditions worsened by the professional acquaintance in serious situations and of proximity with the death. The participants were considered not very valued in its potentiality, since the relationships of power and a very strict hierarchy prevail. The medical hegemony and the financial conditions were noticed as the base of the institutional decisions.