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7. Rotavirus genotypes co-circulating in Europe between 2006 and 2009 as determined by EuroRotaNet, a pan-European collaborative strain surveillance network

Author

ITURRIZA-GÓMARA, M., DALLMAN, T., BÁNYAI, K., BÖTTIGER, B., BUESA, J., DIEDRICH, S., FIORE, L., JOHANSEN, K., KOOPMANS, M., KORSUN, N., KOUKOU, D., KRONEMAN, A., LÁSZLÓ, B., LAPPALAINEN, M., MAUNULA, L., MARQUES, A. MAS, MATTHIJNSSENS, J., MIDGLEY, S., MLADENOVA, Z., NAWAZ, S., POLJSAK-PRIJATELJ, M., POTHIER, P., RUGGERI, F. M., SANCHEZ-FAUQUIER, A., STEYER, A., SIDARAVICIUTE-IVASKEVICIENE, I., SYRIOPOULOU, V., TRAN, A. N., USONIS, V., VAN RANST, M., DE ROUGEMONT, A., and GRAY, J.

Published
2011
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8. Rotavirus Surveillance in Europe, 2005–2008: Web-Enabled Reporting and Real-Time Analysis of Genotyping and Epidemiological Data

Author

Iturriza-Gómara, M., Dallman, T., Bányai, K., Böttiger, B., Buesa, J., Diedrich, S., Fiore, L., Johansen, K., Korsun, N., Kroneman, A., Lappalainen, M., László, B., Maunula, L., Matthinjnssens, J., Midgley, S., Mladenova, Z., Poljsak-Prijatelj, M., Pothier, P., Ruggeri, F. M., Sanchez-Fauquier, A., Schreier, E., Steyer, A., Sidaraviciute, I., Tran, A. N., Usonis, V., Van Ranst, M., de Rougemont, A., and Gray, J.

Published
2009
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9. Low incidence of severe bacterial infections in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: A population-based registry study.

Author

Ahava, M. J., Kortela, E., Forsblom, E., Pätäri-Sampo, A., Friberg, N., Meretoja, A., Kivivuori, S.-M., Lappalainen, M., Kurkela, S., Järvinen, A., and Jarva, H.

Subjects
COVID-19, BACTERIAL diseases, NOSOCOMIAL infections, COVID-19 treatment, GRAM-positive bacteria, BACTERIAL meningitis
Abstract

Bacterial infections complicating COVID-19 are rare but present a challenging clinical entity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence, aetiology and outcome of severe laboratory-verified bacterial infections in hospitalised patients with COVID-19. All laboratory-confirmed patients with COVID-19 admitted to specialised healthcare hospitals in the Capital Province of Finland during the first wave of COVID-19 between 27 February and 21 June 2020 were retrospectively studied. We gathered the blood and respiratory tract culture reports of these patients and analysed their association with 90-day case-fatality using multivariable regression analysis. A severe bacterial infection was diagnosed in 40/585 (6.8%) patients with COVID-19. The range of bacteria was diverse, and the most common bacterial findings in respiratory samples were gram-negative, and in blood cultures gram-positive bacteria. Patients with severe bacterial infection had longer hospital stay (mean 31; SD 20 days) compared to patients without (mean 9; SD 9 days; p < 0.001). Case-fatality was higher with bacterial infection (15% vs 11%), but the difference was not statistically significant (OR 1.38 CI95% 0.56–3.41). Severe bacterial infection complicating COVID-19 was a rare occurrence in our cohort. Our results are in line with the current understanding that antibiotic treatment for hospitalised COVID-19 patients should only be reserved for situations where a bacterial infection is strongly suspected. The ever-evolving landscape of the pandemic and recent advances in immunomodulatory treatment of COVID-19 patients underline the need for continuous vigilance concerning the possibility and frequency of nosocomial bacterial infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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28. COVID-19 cases in spectators returning to Finland from UEFA Euro 2020 matches in Saint Petersburg.

Author

Sarvikivi, E., Salminen, M., Savolainen-Kopra, C., Ikonen, N., Kontio, M., Isosomppi, S., Jamanca, S., Hannila-Handelberg, T., Vapalahti, O., Smura, T., Lappalainen, M., and Helve, O.

Abstract

UEFA Euro 2020 tournament was scheduled to take place in 2020, but due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was rescheduled to start on 11 June 2021. Approximately 4500 Finnish spectators participated, travelling between Finland and Russia during the period of 16 to 30 June to attend matches played on 16 and 21 June. A total of 419 persons returning from Russia or with a connection to Russia were detected positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Of the 321 sequenced samples 303 turned out to be of the Delta variant. None of these cases was hospitalised. In the following weeks findings of the Delta variant increased rapidly. Thus, EURO 2020 travel-related imported cases likely facilitated this rapid surge of Delta variant, but this impact would likely have been seen with the typical increase in the number of travellers entering Finland later in the summer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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32. Editorial Acknowledgment

Author

Aarvak, T., Abedi-Valugerdi, M., Abrahamsen, T., Akdis, C., Akuffo, H.O., Alarcon-Riquelme, M., Andersen, P., Arstila, P., Austgulen, R., Baecker-Allan, C., Baggiolini, M., Baker, B.S., Bakke, O., Bakken, V., Barclay, A.N., Bemark, M., Benestad, H.B., Berzins, K., Bjerkvik, R., Bjørge, L., Bland, P., Bolstad, A.I., Born, W., Bowman, S., Brinchmann, J., Britton, S., Brokstad, K.A., Brunet, L.R., Bruserud, Ø., Cardona, P.J., Ceyppens, J.L., Cirino, G., Cohn, M., Cox, R.J., Cunliffe, J., Dahlgren, U., Dellacasagrande, J., Ditzel, H., Dobryszycka, E., Dyrhol-Riise, A.M., Edwards, J.C., Egeland, T., Elsayed, S., Eray, M., Erb, K.J., Esch, T., Eugen-Olsen, J., Everse, L.A., Fagerhol, M., Farstad, I., Feldmann, M., Fernandez, C., Fleck, M., Franksson, R., Freitas, A., Garred, P., Gidlund, M., Gilhus, N.E., Goldbach-Mansky, R., Gordon, J., Gordon, T., Grandien, A., Gregerson, P., Grewal, H., Hakulinen, J., Halstensen, T., Haneberg, B., Hanej, S.H.E., Hansen, T., Harley, J.B., Haukenes, G., Hengartner, H., Henz, B.M., Holen, E., Hurme, M., Husby, G., Husby, S., Hörnqvist-Hultgren, E., Haaheim, L.R., Isenberg, D., Jahnson, F., Jakobsen, H., James, J.A., Jansson, J.O., Jarva, H., Jeansson, S., Johannessen, A.C., Johansen, F.E., Julkunen, I., Kalland, K.H., Kaye, J., Kazatchkine, M., Kihlström, E., Kohler, L., Konttinen, Y., Kotenko, S., Koutzov, S., Krammer, P., Kristoffersen, E., Kunzendorf, U., Lachmann, P., Langman, R., Langner, J., Lanzavecchia, L., Lappalainen, M., Laskay, T., Lea, T., Lefvert, A.K., Lehmann, A.C., Louka, A, Lúdviksson, B.R., Mariette, X., Marion, T., Marker-Herrmann, E., Mattsson, R., McAdam, S., Mellbye, O.J., Mellgren, G., Mellgren, S.I., Mestecky, J., Michaelsen, T., Michalek, S., Miettinen, A., Moestrup, S.K., Moretta, A., Moser, M., Mountz, J., Moutsopoulos, H., Munthe, L.A., Mustafa, T., Myrmel, H., Nannemark, G., Netea, M.G., Nilsen, R., Notarangelo, L.D., Ögmundsdóttir, H., Olsson, I., Olweus, J., Osland, A., Paludan, S.R., Parsons, K.R., Patarroyo, M., Paul, W.E., Perlman, P., Pollock, J.M., Puolakkainen, M., Quale, A., Rajewsky, K., Raman, C., Reichlin, M., Renkonen, R., Rese Shadidi, K., Ricciardi-Castagnoli, P., Rickinson, A.B., Ringdén, O., Risto, R., Rodinov, D., Rosenkrands, I., Rottenberg, M., Russel, M., Rygaard, J., Rødahl, E., Röllinghof, M., Sandberg, M., Schenk, K., Seppälä, I., Shevach, E., Shortman, K., Siegrist, C.A., Sigurdardóttir, S., Silvennoinen, O., Sinigaglia, F., Sistonen, L., Skarstein, K., Skogh, T., Smith, E., Spurkland, A., Stendahl, O., Sugden, B., Suri-Payer, E., Svennerholm, A.M., Szodoray, P., Theofilopoulos, A., Thorley-Lawson, D.A., Timonen, T., Trowsdale, J., Tuomo, T., Ulmer, A.J., Ulvestad, E., Ulvik, R., Vaerman, J.P., van, der Merwe J.P., van Eden, W., Vedeler, C., Vintermyr, O.K., Vyse, J., Wahlgren, M., Wahren-Herlenius, M., Walsh, L.J., Weetman, A.P., Westermark, P., Wiker, H., Yang, J., Yewdell, J.W., Youinou, P., and Zouali, M.

Published
2002

40. Recurrent lymphocytic meningitis positive for herpes simplex virus type 2.

Author

Kallio-Laine K, Seppänen M, Kautiainen H, Lokki ML, Lappalainen M, Valtonen V, Färkkilä M, Kalso E, Kallio-Laine, Katariina, Seppänen, Mikko, Kautiainen, Hannu, Lokki, Marja Liisa, Lappalainen, Maija, Valtonen, Ville, Färkkilä, Markus, and Kalso, Eija

Abstract

We found the prevalence of recurrent lymphocytic meningitis associated with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) was 2.2/100,000 population in Finland during 1996-2006, higher than previous estimates. PCR was most sensitive in detecting HSV-2 DNA from cerebrospinal fluid if the sample was taken 2-5 days after symptom onset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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41. Leukocyte Interferon-alpha in the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C in Finland.

Author

Ebeling, F., Lappalainen, M., Vuoristo, M., Nuutinen, H., Leino, R., Karvonen, A.-L., Lehtola, J., Julkunen, R., Pohjanpelto, P., Tölö, H., and Färkkilä, M.

Subjects
*HEPATITIS C, *LEUCOCYTES, *INTERFERONS
Abstract

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of leukocyte interferon in previously untreated patients with chronic hepatitis C, 97 patients were enrolled in a prospective study in Finland with a stepped-care management protocol. Methods: The treatment was initiated with 3 million units of interferon-α subcutaneously three times a week. At 3 months, if the serum alanine aminotransferase was still abnormal, the dose was doubled. If serum hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA had turned negative at 6 months, the treatment was stopped; if it was still positive, treatment was continued for up to 12 months. All patients were followed up after treatment for 6 months. Altogether, 74 patients completed the treatment and follow-up periods. Results: Of all the originally enrolled patients 36% (35 of 97) achieved sustained virologic response, defined as HCV RNA negativity 6 months after the end of treatment. The commonest HCV genotype among these patients was 3a, and as many as 52% of such patients achieved sustained virologic response. Thirty-two per cent of the patients had HCV genotype 1a, 1b, or a mixture of these; a sustained response was achieved in only 6% of such patients but in 50% of patients with a non-1 genotype. Adverse effects caused treatment cessation for 10% of the patients and IFN dose reduction for 20%. Conclusions: Monotherapy with human leukocyte interferon resulted in sustained virologic response in 36% of patients with chronic hepatitis C. In those infected with a HCV genotype other than 1, the sustained virologic response rate was 50%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000
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42. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis: a multicenter evaluation of different diagnostic parameters.

Author

Foulon, Walter, Pinon, Jean-Michel, Foulon, W, Pinon, J M, Stray-Pedersen, B, Pollak, A, Lappalainen, M, Decoster, A, Villena, I, Jenum, P A, Hayde, M, and Naessens, A

Subjects
PRENATAL diagnosis, TOXOPLASMOSIS, AMNIOCENTESIS, DIAGNOSIS of fetal diseases, TOXOPLASMOSIS diagnosis, DNA analysis, AMNIOTIC liquid, ANIMAL experimentation, CELL culture, COMPARATIVE studies, CORD blood, IMMUNOGLOBULINS, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL cooperation, MICE, PARASITIC diseases in pregnancy, POLYMERASE chain reaction, PROTOZOA, RESEARCH, EVALUATION research, RETROSPECTIVE studies, CORDOCENTESIS
Abstract

Objective: Our purpose was to evaluate different methods of diagnosing congenital toxoplasmosis prenatally by amniocentesis and cordocentesis.Study Design: In a retrospective multicenter study, we investigated consecutive women who had seroconversion for Toxoplasma gondii during pregnancy and who underwent either amniocentesis or cordocentesis or both to obtain a prenatal diagnosis of fetal toxoplasmosis. Data were obtained from 122 patients recruited in 6 different European Toxoplasma reference centers. Infants born to these mothers were followed up until 1 year of age to confirm or exclude congenital toxoplasmosis. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were measured for the following parameters: (1) detection of the parasite in amniotic fluid by mouse inoculation, (2) detection of the parasite in amniotic fluid by in vitro cell culture, (3) detection of Toxoplasma deoxyribonucleic acid in amniotic fluid by a polymerase chain reaction assay, (4) detection of the parasite in fetal blood by mouse inoculation, (5) detection of specific immunoglobulin M antibodies in fetal blood, and (6) detection of specific immunoglobulin A antibodies in fetal blood.Results: The polymerase chain reaction test performed on amniotic fluid had the highest level of sensitivity (81%) and also a high level of specificity (96%). The combination of the polymerase chain reaction test and mouse inoculation of amniotic fluid increased sensitivity to 91%. The sensitivity of immunoglobulins M and A in fetal blood was 47% and 38%, respectively. In congenitally infected fetuses a negative correlation was observed between positive serologic parameters and gestational age at the time of maternal infection and at prenatal diagnosis.Conclusion: Congenital toxoplasmosis is best predicted by prenatal examination with the combination of T gondii polymerase chain reaction and mouse inoculation of amniotic fluid. The role of cordocentesis in the diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis is limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1999
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43. Interlaboratory comparison of polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA added to samples of amniotic fluid.

Author

Guy, E., Pelloux, H., Lappalainen, M., Aspöck, H., Haßl, A., Melby, K., Holberg-Pettersen, M., Petersen, E., Simon, J., and Ambroise-Thomas, P.

Abstract

To investigate the accuracy of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii in clinical specimens, aliquots of amniotic fluid to which known amounts of Toxoplasma gondii DNA had been added were tested by five European Centres. Four laboratories were able to detect DNA at levels equivalent to ten tachyzoites or less, including two that detected DNA equivalent to a single parasite. Two laboratories erroneously found one of eight negative control samples to be positive. These findings confirm that the high level of sensitivity associated with the PCR method can be readily achieved under routine laboratory conditions, but they also underscore the potential for both false-positive and false-negative findings to occur. Furthermore, the results confirm the urgent need for an external quality assurance scheme to support laboratories employing PCR in a clinical context for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1996
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44. Radiological signs in newborns exposed to primary Toxoplasma infection in utero.

Author

Virkola, Kristina, Lappalainen, Maija, Valanne, Leena, Koskiniemi, Marjaleena, Virkola, K, Lappalainen, M, Valanne, L, and Koskiniemi, M

Subjects
TOXOPLASMOSIS diagnosis, ABDOMEN, COMPARATIVE studies, COMPUTED tomography, DIAGNOSTIC imaging, GESTATIONAL age, IMMUNOGLOBULINS, LONGITUDINAL method, MAGNETIC resonance imaging, RESEARCH methodology, EVALUATION of medical care, MEDICAL cooperation, PARASITIC diseases in pregnancy, PREGNANCY, RESEARCH, SEX distribution, TOXOPLASMOSIS, ULTRASONIC imaging, EVALUATION research, TREATMENT effectiveness, CEREBRAL toxoplasmosis, DISEASE complications, DIAGNOSIS, INFECTIOUS disease transmission
Abstract

A total of 44 181 serum samples from 16 733 pregnant women were analyzed for findings suggesting primary Toxoplasma infection. Thirty-seven newborns exposed to maternal primary Toxoplasma infection in utero were studied prospectively with ultrasound, CT, and MRI for signs of intrauterine infection. Their mothers had been treated during pregnancy, and all infants were treated. The children were assigned to three groups according to their mothers' serological status, and the radiological results were compared with the clinical outcome. Although radiological signs were scarce, ultrasound findings combined with maternal serology were found to be significantly related to clinical outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1997
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47. OXYGEN RADICALS AND DISEASE.

Author

Rahil-Khazen, R., Bolann, B.J., Ulvik, R.J., Gustavsson, Elisabeth, Danielsson, Olle, Dijlai-Merzoug, R., Estonius, Mats, Hansson, L.-O., Bondarenko, I.G., Harrison, R., von Bonsdorff, C.-H., Lappalainen, M., Sakhon, N.G., Pavlovich, D.A., Sapegin, A.A., Nemtsova, O., Albetkova, A.A., and Musabayev, I.I.

Subjects
REACTIVE oxygen species, INDUCTIVELY coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry
Abstract

Examines the characteristic of oxygen radicals and disease in Scandinavia. Use of plasma atomic emission spectrometry in human serum; Measurement of serum levels for iron-status parameters; Regulation of purine catabolism.

Published
2000

48. OXYGEN RADICALS AND DISEASE.

Author

Ulvik, Rune J., Marklund, S.L., Andersen, P.M., Brannstrom, T., Forsgren, L., Ernhill, K., Jonsson, A., Kaikkonen, Jari, Salonen, Jukka T., Bondarenko, I.G., Harrison, R., Bosmans, E., von Bonsdorff, C.-H., Lappalainen, M., Sakhon, N.G., Pavlovich, D.A., Sapegin, A.A., and Palgova, L.

Subjects
REACTIVE oxygen species, AMYOTROPHIC lateral sclerosis, SUPEROXIDE dismutase
Abstract

Presents summaries of symposium on oxygen radicals and disease in Scandinavia. Risks involved in the combination of metals and oxygen radicals; Mutations of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in superoxide dismutase; Determinants of plasma and effects of oral supplementation on plasma.

Published
2000

49. Association of celiac disease genes with inflammatory bowel disease in Finnish and Swedish patients.

Author

Parmar, A. S., Lappalainen, M., and Paavola-Sakki, P.

Subjects
*CELIAC disease, *INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases, *CROHN'S disease in children, *DISEASE susceptibility, *CROHN'S disease, *COLONOSCOPY, *GENETICS, *PATIENTS, *DISEASE risk factors
Abstract

In this study from Scandinavia, Parmar et al. investigated whether susceptibility loci for celiac disease also associated with IBD. They identified a set of risk loci that confer susceptibility to both celiac disease and IBD, including celiac disease-susceptibility loci that confer risk to specific subphenotypes of IBD (e.g. pediatric Crohn's disease). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012

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