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45. Sub‐Nanogram Resolution Measurement of Inertial Mass and Density Using Magnetic‐Field‐Guided Bubble Microthruster.

Author

Wang, Leilei, Sheng, Minjia, Chen, Li, Yang, Fengchang, Li, Chenlu, Li, Hangyu, Nie, Pengcheng, Lv, Xinxin, Guo, Zheng, Cao, Jialing, Wang, Xiaohuan, Li, Long, Hu, Anthony L., Guan, Dongshi, Du, Jing, Cui, Haihang, and Zheng, Xu

Subjects
INERTIAL mass, JETS (Fluid dynamics), VISCOSITY solutions, NANOMOTORS, MICROFABRICATION
Abstract

Artificial micro/nanomotors using active particles hold vast potential in applications such as drug delivery and microfabrication. However, upgrading them to micro/nanorobots capable of performing precise tasks with sophisticated functions remains challenging. Bubble microthruster (BMT) is introduced, a variation of the bubble‐driven microrobot, which focuses the energy from a collapsing microbubble to create an inertial impact on nearby target microparticles. Utilizing ultra‐high‐speed imaging, the microparticle mass and density is determined with sub‐nanogram resolution based on the relaxation time characterizing the microparticle's transient response. Master curves of the BMT method are shown to be dependent on the viscosity of the solution. The BMT, controlled by a gamepad with magnetic‐field guidance, precisely manipulates target microparticles, including bioparticles. Validation involves measuring the polystyrene microparticle mass and hollow glass microsphere density, and assessing the mouse embryo mass densities. The BMT technique presents a promising chip‐free, real‐time, highly maneuverable strategy that integrates bubble microrobot‐based manipulation with precise bioparticle mass and density detection, which can facilitate microscale bioparticle characterizations such as embryo growth monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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46. Enhanced silicate weathering accelerates forest carbon sequestration by stimulating the soil mineral carbon pump.

Author

Xu, Tongtong, Yuan, Zuoqiang, Vicca, Sara, Goll, Daniel S., Li, Guochen, Lin, Luxiang, Chen, Hui, Bi, Boyuan, Chen, Qiong, Li, Chenlu, Wang, Xing, Wang, Chao, Hao, Zhanqing, Fang, Yunting, and Beerling, David J.

Subjects
CARBON sequestration in forests, SOIL mineralogy, CARBON in soils, EFFECT of human beings on climate change, SOIL respiration
Abstract

Enhanced silicate rock weathering (ERW) is an emerging strategy for carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from the atmosphere to mitigate anthropogenic climate change. ERW aims at promoting soil inorganic carbon sequestration by accelerating geochemical weathering processes. Theoretically, ERW may also impact soil organic carbon (SOC), the largest carbon pool in terrestrial ecosystems, but experimental evidence for this is largely lacking. Here, we conducted a 2‐year field experiment in tropical rubber plantations in the southeast of China to evaluate the effects of wollastonite powder additions (0, 0.25, and 0.5 kg m−2) on both soil organic and inorganic carbon at 0–10 cm depth. We found that ERW significantly increased the concentration of SOC and HCO3−, but the increases in SOC were four and eight times higher than that of HCO3− with low‐ and high‐level wollastonite applications. ERW had positive effects on the accrual of organic carbon in mineral‐associated organic matter (MAOM) and macroaggregate fractions, but not on particulate organic matter. Path analysis suggested that ERW increased MAOM mainly by increasing the release of Ca, Si, and Fe, and to a lesser extent by stimulating root growth and microbial‐derived carbon inputs. Our study indicates that ERW with wollastonite can promote SOC sequestration in stable MOAM in surface soils through both the soil mineral carbon pump and microbial carbon pump. These effects may have been larger than the inorganic CDR during our experiment. We argue it is essential to account for the responses of SOC in the assessments of CDR by ERW. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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