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Ana L Riveros,1,2 Cynthia Eggeling,3 Sebastián Riquelme,1 Carolina Adura,1 Carmen López-Iglesias,4 Fanny Guzmán,3 Eyleen Araya,5 Mario Almada,6 Josué Juárez,6 Miguel A Valdez,6 Ignacio A Fuentevilla,1,2,7 Olga López,8 Marcelo J Kogan1,2 1Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; 2Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; 3Núcleo de Biotecnología Curauma (NBC), Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile; 4Microscopy CORE Lab, The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute FHML, Maastricht University, Maastrich, Netherlands; 5Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; 6Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora, México; 7Laboratorio de Investigación en nutrición funcional (LINF), Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; 8Department Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for advanced chemistry of Catalonia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, SpainCorrespondence: Marcelo J Kogan; Ana L RiverosDepartment of Pharmacological and Toxicological Chemistry, University of Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, ChileTel +56 2 29782897; +56 2 29782918Email mkogan@ciq.uchile.cl; ariveros@uchile.clIntroduction: Gold nanorods are highly reactive, have a large surface-to-volume ratio, and can be functionalized with biomolecules. Gold nanorods can absorb infrared electromagnetic radiation, which is subsequently dispersed as local heat. Gold nanoparticles can be used as powerful tools for the diagnosis and therapy of different diseases. To improve the biological barrier permeation of nanoparticles with low cytotoxicity, in this study, we conjugated gold nanorods with cell-penetrating peptides (oligoarginines) and with the amphipathic peptide CLPFFD.Methods: We studied the interaction of the functionalized gold nanorods with biological membrane models (liposomes) by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and the Langmuir balance. Furthermore, we evaluated the effects on cell viability and permeability with an MTS assay and TEM.Results and Discussion: The interaction study by DLS, the Langmuir balance and cryo-TEM support that GNR-Arg7CLPFFD enhances the interactions between GNRs and biological membranes. In addition, cells treated with GNR-Arg7CLPFFD internalized 80% more nanoparticles than cells treated with GNR alone and did not induce cell damage.Conclusion: Our results indicate that incorporation of an amphipathic sequence into oligoarginines for the functionalization of gold nanorods enhances biological membrane nanoparticle interactions and nanoparticle cell permeability with respect to nanorods functionalized with oligoarginine. Overall, functionalized gold nanorods with amphipathic arginine rich peptides might be candidates for improving drug delivery by facilitating biological barrier permeation.Keywords: gold nanorods, cell-penetrating peptides, amphipathic arginine rich peptide, liposome, biological barrier permeation

Manuel Cobo,1 Vanesa Gutiérrez,1 Rosa Villatoro,2 Jose Manuel Trigo,1 Inmaculada Ramos,1 Omar López,1 María Ruiz,1 Ana Godoy,1 Irene López,1 Macarena Arroyo3 1Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Málaga Regional y Virgen de la Victoria, IBIMA, 2Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, IBIMA, 3Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitario Málaga Regional, IBIMA, Málaga, Spain Abstract: The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and receptor is a therapeutic target because of the importance of this pathway in carcinogenesis. This pathway regulates and promotes angiogenesis as well as increases endothelial cell proliferation, permeability, and cancer survival. Ramucirumab is a new fully human monoclonal antibody that targets the VEGF receptor-2, an important key receptor implicated in angiogenesis. Ramucirumab has been approved for the treatment of second-line advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in combination with the chemotherapy agent docetaxel. This was based on the result of the randomized trial REVEL of 1,253 patients with metastatic NSCLC previously treated with a platinum-based combination therapy. The authors observed a significant improvement in overall survival (OS) with an acceptable toxicities profile. In this study, patients were randomized to receive ramucirumab plus docetaxel or placebo with docetaxel. The combination of docetaxel and ramucirumab showed an improved OS (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.75, 0.98). Median OS was 10.5 months in the ramucirumab arm versus 9.1 months in the placebo arm. Regarding side effects, the toxicity described on the ramucirumab arm were principally diarrhea, fatigue, and neutropenia. The most common (5%) adverse reactions of grade 3 and 4 in the ramucirumab arm were fatigue, neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, leukopenia, and hypertension. Adding ramucirumab to docetaxel improves QoL of patients, and does not impair symptoms or functioning. There are currently several trials in progress evaluating the effects of ramucirumab in combination with other drugs in patients with advanced NSCLC. Keywords: ramucirumab, NSCLC, antiangiogenesis, VEGF-targeted therapy, pretreated

La causa genética del pseudohermafroditismo no está bien dilucidada, sin embargo se han reportado distintos casos de pseudohermafroditas masculinos los cuales en la mayoría de los casos se han tratado de explicar por efectos hormonales sobre las gónadas en formación durante el desarrollo embrionario. Además se ha explorado poco la relación de este fenotipo con la constitución genómica de los organismos que presentan la disfunción sexual. En el presente trabajo se encontró una fuerte relación entre el quimerismo cromosómico XX/XY y el fenotipo pseudohermafrodita masculino exhibido por dos ejemplares de porcinos Landrace X Largewhite similar a lo encontrado en freemartinismo de bovinos.

En el presente trabajo se utilizó el bandeo cromosómico RBG (R-Bromodeoxiuridina-Giemsa) para detectar quimerismo celular XX/XY en fenotipo freemartin bovino. Se analizaron los patrones replicativos de células XX y XY tanto en bovinos normales como freemartin. Las células XX mostraron un cromosoma de replicación temprana y uno de replicación tardía, contrario a la teoría de replicación temprana de ambos cromosomas X bovinos, propuesta por Giannelli en 1970. Las células XY mostraron un cromosoma X activo y un cromosoma Y con un brazo corto activo y un brazo largo completamente inactivo. Este patrón replicativo difiere del observado en el cromosoma Y humano el cual presenta sólo una región inactiva en la parte distal de su brazo largo. Todos estos patrones replicativos fueron también observados en el fenotipo freemartin. El bandeo RBG facilita la visualización de los cromosomas sexuales debido a sus patrones de replicación característicos, lo cual agiliza la clasificación de mitosis XX o XY y permite que personas no diestras en la evaluación de cariotipos, puedan detectar este tipo de quimeras celulares. Adicionalmente se evidencia el flujo de células en ambos sentidos entre los fetos, contrario a la creencia de un flujo unilateral del macho a la hembra, planteado por otros investigadores.

El objetivo fue el de comparar tres métodos de escaldado en la calidad de la salsa de tomate, así como la influencia del escaldado en la germinación de la semilla y la producción de pectina , Para ello se hizo un diseño de bloques completamente al azar con cuatro réplicas, tres métodos y un testigo (salsa comercial); los tres métodos fueron: Tomate triturado, con tratamiento térmico previo al despulpado. Tomate entero, con escaldado térmico previo al despulpado. Tomate entero, sin escaldado térmico previo al despulpado. A las salsas elaboradas mediante los anteriores métodos, a la testigo y a la materia prima se les determinó; pH, acidez, sólidos solubles y pectina; además de la dureza y el rendimiento en salsa. Se comprobó que las semillas del tomate sometidas a la temperatura de escaldado (80°C), pierden su viabilidad, pues germinaron en un porcentaje menor al 10%, mientras que las no escaldadas lo hicieron en un 860%. Las cualidades organolépticas (color, olor, sabor y textura) se evaluaron sensorialmente bajo escala numérica con paneles de 10 personas.

La selección del material constituye un paso fundamental para el estudio de las propiedades físicas de la madera, pues sólo mediante una selección adecuada podremos realizar la evaluación estadística que nos permita obtener valores confiables de las diferentes propiedades que se deseen determinar. Este proyecto de norma fue presentado en el Seminario de INDERENA sobre Estructuración del Programa Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales realizado entre los días 13 y 15 de Octubre de 1970 y revisado por el sub-comité de maderas del Instituto Colombiano de Normas Técnicas (ICONTEC) en su reunión de Ibagué durante el mes de Noviembre de 1970. En reunión efectuada en Asunción (Paraguay) durante los días 25 a 30 de Junio de 1971, el presente trabajo fue aprobado como ante proyecto por la Secretaría Técnica del Comité de Maderas de COPANT (Comité Panamericano de Normas Técnicas).

La correcta evaluación de los resultados obtenidos en los ensayos de propiedades físicas de la madera tiene gran importancia en su aplicación. Es necesario adoptar una base que permita compararlos datos obtenidos en los de diferentes laboratorios y que permita también utilizar estos resultados con el objeto de proponer los usos más adecuados, aprovechando al máximo las propiedades de ceda especie. En la evaluación de los resultados no basta con dar solamente una idea de los valores promedios de las diferentes propiedades físicas sino que es necesario conocer también la forma como estos valores varían. Este propósito sólo se logra mediante un análisis estadístico de los resultados obtenidos.

Copyright of International Journal of Medicine & Science of Physical Activity & Sport / Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte is the property of Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The entertainment industry undergoes constant changes, and video games, along with the ways people enjoy them, evolve dynamically. In this context, there arises a need to innovate in areas such as user–game interaction and the design of conventional controllers to keep up with these transformations. This study has found that the design requirements of the external geometry of video game controllers significantly impact users' purchasing decisions, who often rely on their sensations and emotions. The primary aim of this research has been to demonstrate that it is possible to develop a specific methodology to establish design guidelines that evaluate geometry and ergonomic aspects, considering users' emotional needs. To achieve this goal, the Kansei methodology has been employed, an engineering discipline that focuses on product design based on emotional interaction and user sensations when using them. Through advanced statistical techniques such as principal component analysis and linear regression, the set of observations has been reduced and a robust predictive model has been developed. Following this methodological approach, surveys and field studies have been conducted, thus differentiating the project from a conventional engineering approach in various stages. Special attention has been paid to the tactile part of the controller, especially its casing. After thorough analysis, the redesigned casing, incorporating improvements derived from statistical analyses, has been compared to existing market models. The results obtained show a significant improvement compared to existing market models, particularly highlighting enhancements in functional characteristics and ergonomic design, enabling comfortable use for individuals with different hand sizes and preventing the grip surface from being slippery. In summary, this work supports the effectiveness of the Kansei methodology as an approach to adapting product design to users' perceptions and emotional needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Performance tests were carried out on 241 male buffaloes from the Empresa Pecuaria Genética Los Naranjos, in Cuba, during the years 2011/2012 and 2017. The evaluated indicators were weight at weaning at eight months, final weight at 20 months of age, weight gain from eight to 20 months, weight per age at 20 months and milk production of their mothers at 244 days, as well as the percentage values, calculated from their respective annual means. A mixed model was used (Proc Glimmix of SAS 2013), which considered the year of entry into testing as a fixed effect, and the individual nested in the year of entry as random effect. The genetic values (GV) with their precision were estimated using a two-character model, compiled in IML (Interactive Matrix Language) of SAS. This considered genealogy (250 males and females), which, together with the 241 observations of tested animals, formed a kinship matrix of 491 individuals. Weaning (136.43 and 151.92 kg) and final (285.39 and 333.35 kg) weights were low, while the production of their mothers was acceptable (944.04 and 1,135.42 kg). It is concluded that the selection index, constructed from the variances and covariances of phenotypic and genetic values, economically weighted as a regression of the observed deviations from their means of weaning and final weight, is a reliable method for the selection of buffaloes in performance tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ingenius, Revista Ciencia y Tecnología is the property of Universidad Politecnica Salesiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)