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The theory, methodology and practice of research of socioeconomic and theoretical-methodological aspects of sustainable development are at the stage of comprehension. These provisions are rather poorly elaborated at the level of regional economy. However, the negative events in the economic, political, environmental and social spheres, which we are witnessing, confirm the high significance of this scientific agenda. The authors see the strategic vector of socio-economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation in the context of reducing spatial disproportions, which will ensure sustainable socio-economic development of the entire state, as well as its constituent regions. The research presented in this article is aimed at substantiating the most important factor of sustainable development dynamics of the Russian Federation, namely, overcoming spatial disproportions between the regions that make up the state. The methodological basis of the study is based on the findings and conclusions of scientists who study the problems of sustainable socioeconomic development, as well as those working in the field of regional economics. The research methodology is based on the approaches of formalization and systematization, bibliometric and content analysis, as well as statistical, analytical, comparative, economic and mathematical methods. Scientific publications of domestic and foreign scientists, normative, analytical, program and strategic materials of the Government of the Russian Federation, state regional authorities formed the information base. The main results of the study are: the nomination and proof of the scientific hypothesis, confirming the importance of the reduction of spatial disparities in the system of factors to ensure sustainable development of the state. The results of the study contribute to the development of theoretical and methodological provisions of regional economics, state management of economic and social processes in order to achieve sustainable development.

The demand for functional and health products, as well as the depletion of traditional raw materials, encourages the use of new types of resources. Aronia melanocarpa is a non-traditional plant raw material that has significant potential but is almost never used in the food industry. The aim of this study is to determine the antioxidant potential of processed products of osmotically dehydrated chokeberry fruits and beer enriched with them. The object of the study is the processing products of osmotically dehydrated chokeberry fruits and beer enriched with them. Chokeberry fruits were dehydrated by osmotic dehydration and drying, ground into powders, and their antioxidant properties were determined. Osmotic solutions and fresh fruits were analyzed for flavonoids, anthocyanins and antioxidant activity. Three experimental samples of beer were produced using traditional technology (K) and with the addition of 6 % (D1) and 10 % (D2) osmotic solutions separated from partially dehydrated fruits. An organoleptic analysis of beer was carried out and its antioxidant activity was determined. The results showed that when using osmotic dehydration, the loss of flavonoids was significantly less (29.74 mg K/100 g) than when using the traditional drying method (39.13 mg K/100 g). When applying the proposed regime of fruit dehydration, about 70 % of anthocyanins are retained. While the traditional method preserves only 59 % of these pigments. The sugar solution on the surface of the fruit prevents significant loss of antioxidant compounds. This explains the higher antioxidant activity (9.86 mmol Trolox/100 g) in samples dehydrated using osmotic dehydration. Adding a chokeberry osmotic solution to beer in an amount of 6–10 % leads to an increase in its antioxidant activity by 9–16 mmol Trolox/100 g [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The use of a surgical guide during pre-operative planning significantly increases the efficiency and safety of dental implantation. However, the current widespread use of static navigation has led to a decrease in accuracy. Dynamic navigation, on the other hand, can be an alternative. This study compared the accuracy of dental implant placement on jaw models using static navigation, a virtual guide and the manual placement method. Materials and Methods: Nine patients with favourable conditions were selected, and three-dimensional full-body jaw models were set up. Group I had 21 implants placed using static navigation, Group II had 21 implants placed using dynamic navigation and Group III had 21 implants placed using the 'free hand' method. Placement accuracy was calculated by the deviation between the planned implant position and the actual position obtained from post-operative cone-beam computed tomography and model scanning. Results: The deviation from the planned implant position was 0.4° in Group I and 0.5° in Group II. The 'free hand' method yielded the worst result, with a statistically significant difference between Groups I and II. However, implantation using dynamic navigation showed a lower variance of deviation, with the majority of implants having a deviation ≤0.5 mm (86% compared to 67% in the static navigation group). Discussion: The accuracy of implant positioning using a virtual guide with dynamic imaging was comparable to static navigation and surpassed the accuracy obtained using the 'free hand' technique. This study highlights the potential of dynamic navigation control in dental implantology and warrants further clinical research to improve this system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article considers issues related to the development of a creatively active personality of a preschool child through art pedagogy. The essence, goals and objectives of art pedagogy in the context of preschool education are determined. Possible problems of art pedagogy technologies’ implementation are highlighted: at the organization level of the subject-spatial environment, the readiness of children, teachers and parents. The ways and means of resolving the identified problems are also presented: systematic work with teachers and parents included in joint parent-child projects and ways of transforming the developing subject-spatial environment in preschool educational organizations is proposed. The Reggio approach is presented as one of the most successful forms of implementation: the international experience of applying this approach in preschool organizations is described. Also presented is the practice of Reggio approach implementing on line with art pedagogy in working with teachers and parents, carried out at the Southern Federal University in the form of a short-term project.

Innate and adaptive defense mechanisms protect the respiratory system from attack by microbes. Here, we present evidence that the bitter taste receptor T2R38 regulates the mucosal innate defense of the human upper airway. Utilizing immunofluorescent and live cell imaging techniques in polarized primary human sinonasal cells, we demonstrate that T2R38 is expressed in human upper respiratory epithelium and is activated in response to acyl-homoserine lactone quorum-sensing molecules secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative bacteria. Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production, resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance and direct antibacterial effects. Moreover, common polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to significant differences in the ability of upper respiratory cells to clear and kill bacteria. Lastly, TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial infection. These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection., Introduction Inhaled pathogens, toxins, and particulates continuously challenge the respiratory system. The principal physical defense against these inhaled insults is mucociliary clearance (MCC), which has 2 components, mucus production and [...]

Purpose: This report presents the first known use of a rigid endoscope with augmented reality technology for the removal of an odontogenic cyst that penetrated the maxillary sinus and illustrates its practical use in a patient. Materials and Methods: In the preoperative period, cone-beam computed tomography was performed in a specially designed marker holder frame, and the contours of the cyst and the nearest anatomical formations were segmented in the 3D Slicer program. During the operation, a marker was installed on the patient's head, as well as on the tip of the endoscope, which made it possible to visualize the mass and the movement of the endoscope. The surgical intervention was performed with the support of augmented reality in HoloLens glasses (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA). Results: The use of this technology improved the accuracy of surgical manipulations, reduced operational risks, and shortened the time of surgery and the rehabilitation period. Conclusion: With the help of modern technologies, a navigation system was created that helped to track the position of the endoscope in mixed reality in real time, as well as to fully visualize anatomical formations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we report our first experience of applying the concretion visualization method using augmented reality technology. A clinical case of a new surgical intervention on the parotid salivary gland with the localization of salivary stone in its parenchyma is considered. During additional diagnostics, it was found that the size of the concretion exceeds 5 mm which did not allow us to use the endoscopic technologies. That was the reason for the choice of surgical intervention external access using salivary stone visualization with the help of augmented reality. The preoperative procedures included making the upper jaw cast model, fitting the model and individual mouthguard with an X-ray contrast marker and marker slot. In addition to this, computed tomography of the head and neck using a mouthguard was made. During surgery under general anesthesia with nasal intubation, the mouthguard together with the marker is installed in the patient's mouth and the surgeon puts on the glasses to visualize the stone image in place of its localization. This method enables to visualize the salivary stone on all surgery stages no matter what type of approach is used or performing hydropreparation. That is why using the augmented reality appears promising and is to be studied further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An average mouse in midlife weighs between 25 and 30 g, with about a gram of tissue in the largest adipose depot (gonadal), and the weight of this depot differs between inbred strains. Specifically, C57BL/6ByJ mice have heavier gonadal depots on average than do 129P3/J mice. To understand the genetic contributions to this trait, we mapped several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for gonadal depot weight in an F2 intercross population. Our goal here was to fine-map one of these QTLs, Adip20 (formerly Adip5), on mouse chromosome 9. To that end, we analyzed the weight of the gonadal adipose depot from newly created congenic strains. Results from the sequential comparison method indicated at least four rather than one QTL; two of the QTLs were less than 0.5 Mb apart, with opposing directions of allelic effect. Different types of evidence (missense and regulatory genetic variation, human adiposity/body mass index orthologues, and differential gene expression) implicated numerous candidate genes from the four QTL regions. These results highlight the value of mouse congenic strains and the value of this sequential method to dissect challenging genetic architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetic variation contributes to individual differences in obesity, but defining the exact relationships between naturally occurring genotypes and their effects on fatness remains elusive. As a step toward positional cloning of previously identified body composition quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from F2 crosses of mice from the C57BL/6ByJ and 129P3/J inbred strains, we sought to recapture them on a homogenous genetic background of consomic (chromosome substitution) strains. Male and female mice from reciprocal consomic strains originating from the C57BL/6ByJ and 129P3/J strains were bred and measured for body weight, length, and adiposity. Chromosomes 2, 7, and 9 were selected for substitution because previous F2 intercross studies revealed body composition QTLs on these chromosomes. We considered a QTL confirmed if one or both sexes of one or both reciprocal consomic strains differed significantly from the host strain in the expected direction after correction for multiple testing. Using these criteria, we confirmed two of two QTLs for body weight (Bwq5-6), three of three QTLs for body length (Bdln3-5), and three of three QTLs for adiposity (Adip20, Adip26 and Adip27). Overall, this study shows that despite the biological complexity of body size and composition, most QTLs for these traits are preserved when transferred to consomic strains; in addition, studying reciprocal consomic strains of both sexes is useful in assessing the robustness of a particular QTL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]