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One of the simplest model to couple viscous flow to heat conduction is the Oberbeck–Boussinesq (OB) system which were also investigated by E N Lorenz. In our former studies—2015 Chaos Solitons Fractals 78 249, 2017 Chaos Solitons Fractals 103 336—we derived analytic solutions for the velocity, pressure and temperature fields. Additionally, we gave a possible explanation of the Rayleigh–Bénard convection cells with the help of the self-similar Ansatz. Now we generalize the OB hydrodynamical system, including a viscous source term in the heat conduction equation. Our analysis show that the viscous heating term smooths out any kind of Bénard oscillations and stabilizes the flow. All the velocity, pressure and temperature distributions are free of oscillations. These results may attract interest in micro or nanofluidics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study a particular case of Gross-Pitaevskii or nonlinear Schrödinger equation is rewritten to a form similar to a hydrodynamic Euler equation using the Madelung transformation. The obtained system of differential equations is highly nonlinear. Regarding the solutions, a larger coefficient of the nonlinear term yields stronger deviation of the solution from the linear case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This was a multinational, multicentre, double-blind Phase II study in Europe to evaluate the efficacy and safety of two dose regimens (200 mg bid and 200 mg tid) of sarpogrelate (MCI-9042, 5-HT2A receptor antagonist) compared to placebo in patients with stable, moderately severe intermittent claudication. Following a single-blind placebo run-in period of 6 weeks, 364 (309 male and 55 female) patients (59.2 ± 8.4 years, mean ± SD) were randomized to receive sarpogrelate 200 mg bid, 200 mg tid or placebo for 24 weeks with a follow-up of 8 weeks. The primary objective was the increase of absolute claudication distance (ACD) at the end of treatment (week 24) compared to placebo. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed on the log-transformed percentage of baseline ACD: loge (ACD/baseline). A responder analysis (defined as a ≥50% improvement in ACD) was also performed. There was a marked training/placebo effect on the ACD which persisted up to 16 weeks. At 24 weeks the primary objective did not reach statistical significance (200 mg bid vs placebo, p = 0.225; 200 mg tid vs placebo, p = 0.580). In the responder analysis, 200 mg bid showed a statistically significant difference vs placebo (p = 0.035). In the exploratory analysis with completers (patients completing all treadmill tests), there was a statistical difference in ACD/baseline change for 200 mg bid (p = 0.035) and in the responder analysis for 200 mg tid (p = 0.044) at 24 weeks compared to placebo. Both treatments showed a carry-over effect for ACD during the 8-week follow-up (weeks 28–32). The treatment was well tolerated and no clinically significant safety concerns were reported. In conclusion, the study results confirm that sarpogrelate is well tolerated and although the primary endpoint failed to reach statistical significance, the responder analysis showed an increased absolute walking distance, which makes a further trial warranted, including a larger population, and possibly also a longer treatment period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: We consider a particle that is subject to a constant force and scatters inelastically on a vibrating periodically corrugated floor. At small friction and for small scatterers the dynamics is dominated by resonances forming spiral structures in phase space. These spiral modes lead to pronounced maxima and minima in the diffusion coefficient as a function of the vibration frequency, as is shown in computer simulations. Our theoretical predictions may be verified experimentally by studying transport of single granular particles on vibratory conveyors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]