Search

International audience; The composition and activity of the gut microbiota codevelop with the host from birth and is subject to a complex interplay that depends on the host genome, nutrition, and life-style. The gut microbiota is involved in the regulation of multiple host metabolic pathways, giving rise to interactive host-microbiota metabolic, signaling, and immune-inflammatory axes that physiologically connect the gut, liver, muscle, and brain. A deeper understanding of these axes is a prerequisite for optimizing therapeutic strategies to manipulate the gut microbiota to combat disease and improve health.

International audience; Mitochondrial creatine kinase (MtCK), together with cytosolic creatine kinase isoenzymes and the highly diffusible CK reaction product, phosphocreatine, provide a temporal and spatial energy buffer to maintain cellular energy homeostasis. Mitochondrial proteolipid complexes containing MtCK form microcompartments that are involved in channeling energy in form of phosphocreatine rather than ATP into the cytosol. Under situations of compromised cellular energy state, which are often linked to ischemia, oxidative stress and calcium overload, two characteristics of mitochondrial creatine kinase are particularly relevant: its exquisite susceptibility to oxidative modifications and the compensatory up-regulation of its gene expression, in some cases leading to accumulation of crystalline MtCK inclusion bodies in mitochondria that are the clinical hallmarks for mitochondrial cytopathies. Both of these events may either impair or reinforce, respectively, the functions of mitochondrial MtCK complexes in cellular energy supply and protection of mitochondria form the so-called permeability transition leading to apoptosis or necrosis.