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Alexandros Rouvas,1 Panagiotis Malamos,2 Maria Douvali,1 Amalia Ntouraki,1 Nikos N Markomichelakis1 12nd Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School of Athens University, Athens, Greece; 2Department of Ophthalmology, NHS, “G Gennimatas” General Hospital, Athens, Greece Aims: To report the anatomic and functional outcomes of intravitreal ranibizumab in idiopathic parafoveal telangiectasia (IPT). Material and methods: Four eyes of three patients were included in this interventional case series. One patient (two eyes) had bilateral IPT (type 2) and two patients (two eyes) had unilateral (type 1) IPT. Retreatment was scheduled in case of leakage persistence in combination with visual acuity (VA) deterioration. Fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography were performed together with a full ophthalmic examination at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after injection. Results: One intravitreal injection of ranibizumab was performed in all four eyes. Complete cessation of leakage was documented postintervention in three eyes and partial cessation in one eye, followed by improvement of best corrected VA in one of them. In all eyes, structural changes of the photoreceptor layer were detected in tomography and were responsible for visual loss, which was in most cases, refractory to the applied therapy. Conclusion: Use of ranibizumab might be efficient in eliminating leakage activity in the macular region in patients with IPT. Nevertheless, improvement in VA was infrequent. Preexisting early photoreceptor alteration in IPT might render such patients unable to improve VA. Keywords: idiopathic parafoveal telangiectasis, intravitreal ranibizumab, fluorescein angiography, high-definition optical coherence tomography

To examine the quality, reliability, readability, and usefulness of ChatGPT in promoting oral cancer early detection. About 108 patient-oriented questions about oral cancer early detection were compiled from expert panels, professional societies, and web-based tools. Questions were categorized into 4 topic domains and ChatGPT 3.5 was asked each question independently. ChatGPT answers were evaluated regarding quality, readability, actionability, and usefulness using. Two experienced reviewers independently assessed each response. Questions related to clinical appearance constituted 36.1% (n = 39) of the total questions. ChatGPT provided "very useful" responses to the majority of questions (75%; n = 81). The mean Global Quality Score was 4.24 ± 1.3 of 5. The mean reliability score was 23.17 ± 9.87 of 25. The mean understandability score was 76.6% ± 25.9% of 100, while the mean actionability score was 47.3% ± 18.9% of 100. The mean FKS reading ease score was 38.4% ± 29.9%, while the mean SMOG index readability score was 11.65 ± 8.4. No misleading information was identified among ChatGPT responses. ChatGPT is an attractive and potentially useful resource for informing patients about early detection of oral cancer. Nevertheless, concerns do exist about readability and actionability of the offered information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose:To evaluate the combined use of optical coherence tomography and angiography (OCT-A) for imaging choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Materials and Methods:This prospective observational study was conducted from May 2015 to April 2017. Included in the study were 54 patients (n = 63 eyes), all of whom had CNV secondary to nAMD and all of whom had been examined by OCT-A. Angioscans (3x3 and 6 × 6) and conventional B-scan OCT scans were obtained for all patients at baseline and at various times during the 24-month follow-up period. For diagnostic confirmation, conventional imaging methods fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) were performed at baseline. A total of 13 patients (n = 15 eyes) underwent serial imaging during 34 follow-up visits. The main outcomes included (i) determination of OCT-A sensitivity for the detection of CNV (classic and occult) and (ii) the correlation between B-scan OCT and OCT-A vis-à-vis consecutive follow-up changes. Results:At baseline, the detection rate (i.e., overall sensitivity) of OCT-A for detecting CNV was 64.4% (75.7 and 48.0% for classic and occult CNV, respectively), independent of prior treatment status. In terms of quality, 6 × 6 angioscans were superior to 3 × 3. Moreover, specific CNV morphologic patterns by B-scan OCT did not correlate with lesion composition. Correspondence between OCT-A and B-scan OCT was observed in only 53% of the cases. Conclusions:OCT-A may prove to be a valuable adjunctive diagnostic tool for the interpretation of CNV, as it not only reduces the need for invasive angiographic procedures but also facilitates the follow-up process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This series of three papers reviews the causes, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and outlines the management of sore and/or swollen lips. Clinical relevance: Sore and/or swollen lips are not uncommon, often have a local cause but may reflect a systemic disease. The previous 2 papers in the series discussed their causes. This paper reviews their diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This series of three papers reviews the causes, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and outlines the management of sore and/or swollen lips. Clinical relevance: Sore and/or swollen lips are not uncommon, often have a local cause, but may reflect a systemic disease. The previous article reviewed important causes, from actinic to contact cheilitis, while this paper starts with drug-induced cheilitis and completes that alphabetical list. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This series of three papers reviews the causes, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and outlines the management of sore and/or swollen lips. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This series of three papers reviews the causes, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and outlines the management of sore and/or swollen lips. Clinical relevance: Sore and/or swollen lips are not uncommon, often have a local cause but may reflect a systemic disease. This first part of a series of three papers reviews their causes and diagnosis alphabetically, for ease of reference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Whole grain consumption has long been associated with human health. However, its relationship with breast cancer remains not well understood and appreciated. The aim of this work was to evaluate the association between whole grain consumption and breast cancer in women.Methods: A case-control study was designed. Two hundred and fifty consecutive, newly diagnosed breast cancer female patients (56 ± 12 years) and 250 one-to-one age-matched controls were enrolled. A standardized, validated questionnaire assessing various sociodemographic, clinical, lifestyle, and dietary characteristics was applied through face-to-face interviews. Moreover, data on regular consumption of whole grains (i.e., never/rarely, 1-6 times/week, >7 times/week) were recorded. Overall dietary habits were assessed through the level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet using the MedDietScore (theoretical range 0-55).Results: Whole grain consumption of more than 7 times/week was associated with a 0.49-fold (odds ratio = 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.29, 0.82) lower likelihood of having breast cancer, after adjustments were made.Conclusions: This study suggested that whole grain consumption more than 7 times/week was consistently associated with reduced risk of breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to implement the monthly FAO Penman-Monteith evapotranspiration estimation method in a GIS environment, given the importance of spatial estimation of the evapotranspiration in the rational management of water resources and also the lack of easily applicable methodology in GIS environment. In this context, a Python programming language script was developed for implementing monthly FAO Penman-Monteith evapotranspiration equation, in ESRI's ArcMap environment. This approach has the advantage of being independent of the type of geospatial data and can be applied in point, line and polygon data while at the same time being flexible and time saving without loss of accuracy. The methodology was applied using meteorological data of the 2011 irrigation period (March to September), acquired from the meteorological station located at the campus of Technological Educational Institute of Western Greece at Messolonghi (38 o 21’ 58” N; 21 o 28’ 41” E), with the results being very satisfactory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]