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This article aims to establish the link between the notion of Livre in Stéphane Mallarmé’s work and that of Hors-Livre in Jacques Derrida’s œuvre, by highlighting the profound influence that the poet’s work had on the Derridian philosophy as far as the “literary object” is concerned. Starting with the Coup de dés, this article traces the filiation between Mallarmé’s poems and the writing of La double séance, in order to show how deconstruction appropriates the marks of the poet of the rue de Rome, digging them up and exasperating them.

In his handwritten notes, Benveniste advocates a specific epistemological approach to Baudelaire’s poetry, consisting in the analysis of his poetic universe through the “revealing choice” of words and the “articulation” of certain images. This is also how Mallarmé celebrates Baudelaire's innovative language and his shocking imagination, in the tombeau that he dedicates to the author of the Flowers of Evil. Each stanza revolves around a central motif, coded through metaphors: the “temple”, the “museau”, the “mèche”, the “poison” and finally the “Ombre” while the syntax dissolves stasis and volatilizes any predetermined link. This poem is an essential illustration of the artist’s legacy and of his poetic revolution: Mallarmé, in fact, stresses the innovative character of Baudelaire’s work by renewing in his homage, with such nouns as “bouche d’égout” or “bave”, the subversion of the uttered word.

Se frayer un chemin à la recherche d’un effort autocritique dans l’œuvre de Sartre exige des incursions dans des textes de natures différentes. Ainsi, nous nous proposons de vérifier si ses essais de « psychanalyse existentielle » peuvent également être considérés comme des « tests projectifs ». Nous étudierons ensuite dans son autobiographie, Les Mots, l’application à soi-même de la « méthode » qu’il avait appliquée à Baudelaire, Flaubert, Mallarmé et Genet. Pour finir, un examen de l’épitexte, en particulier les nombreux entretiens accordés par Sartre à ses proches pendant ses dernières années, permettra de mieux saisir le sens de son parcours autocritique.