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2. Epidemiological evidence for a hereditary contribution to myasthenia gravis: a retrospective cohort study of patients from North America

Author

Green, Joshua D, Barohn, Richard J, Bartoccion, Emanuela, Benatar, Michael, Blackmore, Derrick, Chaudhry, Vinay, Chopra, Manisha, Corse, Andrea, Dimachkie, Mazen M, Evoli, Amelia, Florence, Julaine, Freimer, Miriam, Howard, James F, Jiwa, Theresa, Kaminski, Henry J, Kissel, John T, Koopman, Wilma J, Lipscomb, Bernadette, Maestri, Michelanglo, Marino, Mariapaola, Massey, Janice M, McVey, April, Mezei, Michelle M, Muppidi, Srikanth, Nicolle, Michael W, Oger, Joel, Pascuzzi, Robert M, Pasnoor, Mamatha, Pestronk, Alan, Provenzano, Carlo, Ricciardi, Roberta, Richman, David P, Rowin, Julie, Sanders, Donald B, Siddiqi, Zaeem, Soloway, Aimee, Wolfe, Gil I, Wulf, Charlie, Drachman, Daniel B, and Traynor, Bryan J

Subjects
Genetics, Neurodegenerative, Clinical Research, Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune Disease, Rare Diseases, Neurosciences, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Autoantibodies, Humans, North America, Receptors, Cholinergic, Retrospective Studies, epidemiology, neuromuscular disease, genetics, neurology, neurogenetics, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Other Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract

ObjectivesTo approximate the rate of familial myasthenia gravis and the coexistence of other autoimmune disorders in the patients and their families.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingClinics across North America.ParticipantsThe study included 1032 patients diagnosed with acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR)-positive myasthenia gravis.MethodsPhenotype information of 1032 patients diagnosed with AChR-positive myasthenia gravis was obtained from clinics at 14 centres across North America between January 2010 and January 2011. A critical review of the epidemiological literature on the familial rate of myasthenia gravis was also performed.ResultsAmong 1032 patients, 58 (5.6%) reported a family history of myasthenia gravis. A history of autoimmune diseases was present in 26.6% of patients and in 28.4% of their family members.DiscussionThe familial rate of myasthenia gravis was higher than would be expected for a sporadic disease. Furthermore, a high proportion of patients had a personal or family history of autoimmune disease. Taken together, these findings suggest a genetic contribution to the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis.

Published
2020

3. Spotlight on Syndecan 1 Role in Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases: Main Actor or Guest Appearance?

Author

Carnazzo, Valeria, primary, Gulli, Francesca, additional, Basile, Valerio, additional, Di Santo, Riccardo, additional, Niccolini, Benedetta, additional, Redi, Serena, additional, Vinante, Ilaria, additional, Napodano, Cecilia, additional, Pocino, Krizia, additional, Rapaccini, Gian Ludovico, additional, Marino, Mariapaola, additional, Ciasca, Gabriele, additional, and Basile, Umberto, additional

Published
2024
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5. Salivary biomarkers in COVID-19 patients: the rabbit out of the hat!

Author

Napodano, Cecilia, primary, Callà, Cinzia Anna, additional, Fiorito, Antonella, additional, Marino, Mariapaola, additional, Taddei, Eleonora, additional, Cesare, Tiziana Di, additional, Passali, Giulio Cesare, additional, Santo, Riccardo Di, additional, Fantoni, Massimo, additional, Urbani, Andrea, additional, Paludetti, Gaetano, additional, Rapaccini, Gian Ludovico, additional, Ciasca, Gabriele, additional, and Basile, Umberto, additional

Published
2024
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6. Serum Neurofilament and Free Light Chain Levels in Patients Undergoing Treatment for Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy

Author

Luigetti, Marco, primary, Primiano, Guido, additional, Basile, Valerio, additional, Vitali, Francesca, additional, Pignalosa, Stefano, additional, Romano, Angela, additional, Sabino, Andrea, additional, Marino, Mariapaola, additional, Di Santo, Riccardo, additional, Ciasca, Gabriele, additional, and Basile, Umberto, additional

Published
2024
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10. Calprotectin: two sides of the same coin

Author

Carnazzo, Valeria, primary, Redi, Serena, additional, Basile, Valerio, additional, Natali, Patrizia, additional, Gulli, Francesca, additional, Equitani, Francesco, additional, Marino, Mariapaola, additional, and Basile, Umberto, additional

Published
2023
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11. Immunoglobulin Free Light Chains in Severe Asthma Patient: could they be a new biomarker?

Author

Caruso, Cristiano, primary, Ciasca, Gabriele, additional, Baglivo, *, additional, Santo, Riccardo Di, additional, Gasbarrini, Antonio, additional, Firinu, Davide, additional, Bagnasco, Diego, additional, Passalacqua, Giovanni, additional, Schiappoli, Michele, additional, Caminati, Marco, additional, Canonica, Giorgio Walter, additional, Heffler, Enrico, additional, Crimi, Claudia, additional, Intravaia, Rossella, additional, V., Basile, additional, Marino, Mariapaola, additional, colantuono, stefania, additional, and Giacco, Stefano R. Del, additional

Published
2023
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14. Calprotectin: two sides of the same coin.

Author

Carnazzo, Valeria, Redi, Serena, Basile, Valerio, Natali, Patrizia, Gulli, Francesca, Equitani, Francesco, Marino, Mariapaola, and Basile, Umberto

Subjects
FECAL analysis, AUTOIMMUNE disease diagnosis, AUTOANTIBODIES, BIOMARKERS, INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases, CHRONIC diseases, AUTOIMMUNE diseases, PATIENT monitoring, NEUTROPHILS, CALCIUM-binding proteins, MONOCYTES
Abstract

Calprotectin (CLP) is a calcium-binding protein produced by neutrophils and monocytes in the course of inflammation. Today, the role of faecal CLP in chronic IBD is well known, but in recent years attention has shifted towards circulating CLP. In fact, this molecule can be measured in different biological fluids: blood, saliva and urine, using different analytic methods that are described in this review. Furthermore, different data confirm the relevant role of serum CLP in autoimmune diseases. In this review we will highlight the correlation between high levels of circulating CLP and specific autoantibodies of major autoimmune pathologies paving the way to the employment of CLP measurement as useful biomarker for monitoring outcome in different pathologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Serological and Molecular Characterization of Hepatitis C Virus-Related Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis in Patients without Cryoprecipitate

Author

Napodano, Cecilia, primary, Ciasca, Gabriele, additional, Chiusolo, Patrizia, additional, Pocino, Krizia, additional, Gragnani, Laura, additional, Stefanile, Annunziata, additional, Gulli, Francesca, additional, Lorini, Serena, additional, Minnella, Gessica, additional, Fosso, Federica, additional, Di Santo, Riccardo, additional, Romanò, Sabrina, additional, Basile, Valerio, additional, De Stefano, Valerio, additional, Rapaccini, Gian Ludovico, additional, Zignego, Anna Linda, additional, Di Stasio, Enrico, additional, Marino, Mariapaola, additional, and Basile, Umberto, additional

Published
2023
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16. Laboratory and Clinical Settings of Heavy/Light Chain (HLC) Assays in the Management of Monoclonal Gammopathies and Multiple Myeloma

Author

Napodano, Cecilia, primary, Ioannilli, Laura, additional, Basile, Valerio, additional, Gulli, Francesca, additional, Carnazzo, Valeria, additional, Pignalosa, Stefano, additional, Di Biase, Luigi, additional, Cavaleri, Erica, additional, Racco, Cosimo, additional, Equitani, Francesco, additional, Marino, Mariapaola, additional, and Basile, Umberto, additional

Published
2023
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17. Serum Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Subclasses in a Cohort of Systemic Sclerosis Patients

Author

Pellicano, Chiara, primary, Colalillo, Amalia, additional, Cusano, Giuseppina, additional, Palladino, Andrea, additional, Pellegrini, Marica, additional, Callà, Cinzia Anna Maria, additional, Mazzuccato, Giorgia, additional, Carnazzo, Valeria, additional, Pignalosa, Stefano, additional, Di Biase, Luigi, additional, Marino, Mariapaola, additional, Basile, Umberto, additional, and Rosato, Edoardo, additional

Published
2023
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18. In Systemic Sclerosis Patients, Peripheral Blood CD21 low B Cells and Serum IL-4 and IL-21 Influence Joint Involvement.

Author

Pellicano, Chiara, Colalillo, Amalia, Carnazzo, Valeria, Redi, Serena, Basile, Valerio, Marino, Mariapaola, Basile, Umberto, and Rosato, Edoardo

Subjects
B cells, SYSTEMIC scleroderma, LOGISTIC regression analysis
Abstract

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients have an increased frequency of CD21low B cells and of serum interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-21, each possible markers of joint involvement in inflammatory arthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible influence of CD21low B cells, IL-4, and IL-21 on joint involvement in a cohort of 52 SSc patients. The DAS28-ESR was correlated with CD21low B cells (r = 0.452, p < 0.001), IL-4 (r = 0.478, p < 0.001), and IL-21 (r = 0.415, p < 0.001). SSc patients with a DAS28-ESR > 3.2 had more CD21low B cells (12.65% (IQR: 7.11–13.79) vs. 5.08% (IQR: 3.76–7.45), p < 0.01), higher IL-4 levels (132.98 pg/mL (IQR: 99.12–164.12) vs. 100.80 pg/mL (IQR: 62.78–121.13), p < 0.05), and higher IL-21 levels (200.77 pg/mL (IQR: 130.13–302.41) vs. 98.83 pg/mL (IQR: 35.70–231.55), p < 0.01) than patients with a DAS28-ESR ≤ 3.2. The logistic regression analysis models showed that the DAI (OR: 2.158 (95% CI: 1.120; 4.156), p < 0.05) and CD21low B cells (OR: 1.301 (95% CI: 1.099; 1.540), p < 0.01), the DAI (OR: 2.060 (95% CI: 1.082; 3.919), p < 0.05) and IL-4 level (OR: 1.026 (95% CI: 1.006; 1.045), p < 0.01), and the DAI (OR: 1.743 (95% CI: 1.022; 2.975), p < 0.05) and IL-21 level (OR: 1.006 (95% CI: 1.000; 1.011), p < 0.05) were independently associated with a DAS28-ESR > 3.2. An elevated CD21low B cell percentage, IL-4 level, and IL-21 level was associated with higher articular disease activity in patients, suggesting a possible role in the pathogenesis of SSc joint involvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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19. Cytokines and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Biomarkers of a Deadly Embrace

Author

Pocino, Krizia, primary, Stefanile, Annunziata, additional, Basile, Valerio, additional, Napodano, Cecilia, additional, D’Ambrosio, Francesca, additional, Di Santo, Riccardo, additional, Callà, Cinzia Anna Maria, additional, Gulli, Francesca, additional, Saporito, Raffaele, additional, Ciasca, Gabriele, additional, Equitani, Francesco, additional, Basile, Umberto, additional, and Marino, Mariapaola, additional

Published
2022
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20. Circulating and Salivary NGF and BDNF Levels in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Potential Predictor Biomarkers of COVID-19 Disease—Preliminary Data

Author

Biamonte, Filippo, primary, Re, Agnese, additional, Balzamino, Bijorn Omar, additional, Ciasca, Gabriele, additional, Santucci, Daniela, additional, Napodano, Cecilia, additional, Nocca, Giuseppina, additional, Fiorita, Antonella, additional, Marino, Mariapaola, additional, Basile, Umberto, additional, Micera, Alessandra, additional, and Callà, Cinzia Anna Maria, additional

Published
2022
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26. Cytokines and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Biomarkers of a Deadly Embrace.

Author

Pocino, Krizia, Stefanile, Annunziata, Basile, Valerio, Napodano, Cecilia, D'Ambrosio, Francesca, Di Santo, Riccardo, Callà, Cinzia Anna Maria, Gulli, Francesca, Saporito, Raffaele, Ciasca, Gabriele, Equitani, Francesco, Basile, Umberto, and Marino, Mariapaola

Subjects
HEPATOCELLULAR carcinoma, SOMATIC mutation, CYTOKINES, GROWTH factors, ANGIOPOIETINS
Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a worldwide health matter with a major care burden, high prevalence, and poor prognosis. Its pathogenesis mainly varies depending on the underlying etiological factors, although it develops from liver cirrhosis in the majority of cases. This review summarizes the role of the most interesting soluble factors as biomarkers for early diagnosis and as recommended targets for treatment in accordance with the new challenges in precision medicine. In the premalignant environment, inflammatory cells release a wide range of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, prostaglandins, and proangiogenic factors, making the liver environment more suitable for hepatocyte tumor progression that starts from acquired genetic mutations. A complex interaction of pro-inflammatory (IL-6, TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF-α and -β), pro-angiogenic molecules (including the Angiopoietins, HGF, PECAM-1, HIF-1α, VEGF), different transcription factors (NF-kB, STAT-3), and their signaling pathways are involved in the development of HCC. Since cytokines are expressed and released during the different stages of HCC progression, their measurement, by different available methods, can provide in-depth information on the identification and management of HCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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34. Cryoglobulins: putative effectors of adaptive immune response

Author

Basile, Umberto, primary, Napodano, Cecilia, additional, Marino, Mariapaola, additional, Gulli, Francesca, additional, Colantuono, Stefania, additional, Casato, Milvia, additional, Pocino, Krizia, additional, Basile, Valerio, additional, Todi, Laura, additional, Rapaccini, Gian Ludovico, additional, and Visentini, Marcella, additional

Published
2021
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35. Salivary Biomarkers in COVID-19 Patients: Towards a Wide-Scale Test for Monitoring Disease Activity

Author

Napodano, Cecilia, primary, Callà, Cinzia, additional, Fiorita, Antonella, additional, Marino, Mariapaola, additional, Taddei, Eleonora, additional, Di Cesare, Tiziana, additional, Passali, Giulio Cesare, additional, Di Santo, Riccardo, additional, Stefanile, Annunziata, additional, Fantoni, Massimo, additional, Urbani, Andrea, additional, Paludetti, Gaetano, additional, Rapaccini, Gian Ludovico, additional, Ciasca, Gabriele, additional, and Basile, Umberto, additional

Published
2021
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37. The diagnostic performance of PIVKA-II in metabolic and viral hepatocellular carcinoma: a pilot study

Author

Basile, Umberto, Miele, Luca, Napodano, Cecilia, Ciasca, Gabriele, Gulli, F., Pocino, Krizia, De Matthaeis, Nicoletta, Liguori, Antonio, DE MAGISTRIS, A., Marrone, Giuseppe, Biolato, Marco, Marino, Mariapaola, Di Giacinto, Flavio, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Grieco, Antonio, and Rapaccini, Gian Ludovico

Subjects
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Settore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIA, Liver Neoplasms, Pilot Projects, Metabolic Hepatocellular carcinoma, Settore MED/05 - PATOLOGIA CLINICA, α-fetoprotein, PIVKA-II, Biomarkers, Tumor, Viral Hepatocellular carcinoma, Humans, Prothrombin, alpha-Fetoproteins, Protein Precursors, Biomarkers
Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver tumor derived from metabolic or viral chronic hepatitis, with few treatment options in advanced cases. New biomarkers that allow improving diagnosis and staging are widely desired. Here, we aim to evaluate the performance of Protein Induced by Vitamin K Absence or Antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) in combination with α-fetoprotein (AFP), in the diagnosis of HCC in patients with metabolic or viral hepatitis.We enrolled 60 HCC patients (20 metabolic and 40 viral) and 20 healthy subjects (HS) as negative controls. PIVKA-II, AFP, Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) serum levels were assessed by immunoassays.AFP and PIVKA-II levels were obviously higher in patients than in HS. AFP displayed a better diagnostic performance than PIVKA-II for viral HCC while PIVKA-II was better for metabolic HCC. The combination of the two biomarkers did not improve the discriminating ability.PIVKA-II may be considered an independent predictor of macrovascular invasion from HCC cells and it can be used to better stratify HCC patients and should be evaluated in prospective studies for early detection of advanced HCC in metabolic subjects.

Published
2020

38. Salivary Biomarkers in COVID-19 Patients: The Rabbit out of the Hat!

Author

Napodano, Cecilia, primary, Callà, Cinzia, additional, Fiorita, Antonella, additional, Marino, Mariapaola, additional, Taddei, Eleonora, additional, Di Cesare, Tiziana, additional, Passali, Giulio Cesare, additional, Disanto, Riccardo, additional, Stefanile, Annunziata, additional, Fantoni, Massimo, additional, Urbani, Andrea, additional, Paludetti, Gaetano, additional, Rapaccini, Gian Ludovico, additional, Ciasca, Gabriele, additional, and Basile, Umberto, additional

Published
2021
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39. Assessment of immunoglobulins free light chains in serum and urine of patients with system sclerosis: novel biomarkers for activity disease

Author

Gigante, Antonietta, primary, Pellicano, Chiara, additional, Leodori, Giorgia, additional, Napodano, Cecilia, additional, Vantaggio, Lorenzo, additional, Gulli, Francesca, additional, MARINO, Mariapaola, additional, Visentini, Marcella, additional, Rosato, Edoardo, additional, and Basile, Umberto, additional

Published
2021
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40. Solving the mystery of HBV-related mixed cryoglobulinemia: potential biomarkers of disease progression

Author

Pocino, Krizia, primary, Napodano, Cecilia, additional, Gragnani, Laura, additional, Ciasca, Gabriele, additional, Colantuono, Stefania , additional, Marri, Silvia, additional, Vantaggio, Lorenzo, additional, Gulli, Francesca, additional, Lorini, Serena, additional, Barini, Antonella, additional, Stefanile, Annunziata, additional, Miele, Luca, additional, Casato, Milvia, additional, Zignego, Anna Linda, additional, Rapaccini, Gian Ludovico, additional, Marino, Mariapaola, additional, Visentini, Marcella, additional, and Basile, Umberto, additional

Published
2021
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42. Cryoglobulins: Identification, classification, and novel biomarkers of mysterious proteins

Author

Napodano, Cecilia, Gulli, F., Rapaccini, Gian Ludovico, Marino, Mariapaola, and Basile, Umberto

Subjects
Vasculitis, Cryoglobulin, COVID-19, Rheumatoid factor, Hepatitis C, Article, Mixed cryoglobulin, Settore MED/05 - PATOLOGIA CLINICA, Cryoglobulinemia, Animals, Chemical Precipitation, Humans, Cryoglobulins, Biomarkers, Autoantibodies
Abstract

Cryoglobulins consist of serum immunoglobulins that precipitate below 37°C and resolubilize upon warming. The clinical triad of cryoglobulinemia usually includes purpura, weakness, and arthralgia. Cryoglobulinemic syndrome, clinically defined as a systemic vasculitis, is associated with chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and autoimmune disorders and can evolve into B-cell malignancies. While the current literature about HCV-associated cryoglobulinemia is not very limited, little is known about the immunologic and serologic profiles of affected patients. Therefore, comprehension of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying cryoprecipitation could be very helpful. Due to the persistence of viral antigenic stimulation, biomarkers to use after the worsening progression of HCV infection to lymphoproliferative and/or autoimmune diseases are widely needed. Laboratory methods used to detect and characterize low concentrations of cryoprecipitates and immunotyping patterns could improve patient management. The most critical factor affecting cryoglobulin testing is that the pre-analytical phase is not fully completed at 37°C.

Published
2020

44. Evaluation of free light chains of immunoglobulins in normal and pathological seminal fluids: Preliminary data.

Author

Basile, Umberto, Vergan, Edoardo, Napodano, Cecilia, Bruno, Carmine, Marino, Mariapaola, Oliva, Alessandro, Gulli, Francesca, and Mancini, Antonio

Subjects
IMMUNOGLOBULIN light chains, IMMUNOGLOBULINS, SEMEN analysis, FLUIDS
Abstract

Immunoglobulins free light chains (FLCs) are assayable in several biological fluids. Currently, there are no reports on FLCs in seminal plasma. The aims of our study were to investigate the presence and detectability of FLCs in seminal plasma and to evaluate the usefulness of this assay in the diagnostic approach to infertile patients. We enrolled 61 patients aged 18-- 50 years. Semen analysis was performed. They were divided into four groups: controls-- normozoospermic, 10 patients, mean ± SEM age 35 ± 1.5 years; varicoceles (VAR), 18 patients aged 24.3 ± 0.96 years; inflammatory (INF) seminal fluids, 24 patients, aged 38.8 ± 2.2 years; and varicoceles and inflammatory (VAR/INF) seminal fluids, 9 patients, aged 29.5 ± 0.71 years. A trend towards higher λ FLCs levels was evidenced in the INF and VAR/INF groups. FLCs were higher in normozoospermic patients with lower levels in VAR, both isolated and associated with inflammatory parameters. This differential pattern of the two types of FLCs reached statistical significance when comparing /λ ratio, with significant lower levels in VAR vs controls. This is the first report of FLCs assay in seminal plasma. We can hypothesize that λ FLCs are increased in inflammatory processes, whether FLCs seem to be influenced by other molecular mechanisms related to varicocele. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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45. Biomarkers in HCV-related mixed cryoglobulinemia patients withnon-Hodgkin lymphoma

Author

Gulli, F., Marino, Mariapaola, Napodano, Cecilia, Pocino, Krizia, Pandolfi, Franco, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Rapaccini, Gian Ludovico, and Basile, Umberto

Subjects
Male, Hepatitis C virus, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, Settore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIA, Hepacivirus, Middle Aged, B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Mixed cryoglobulins, Syndecan-1 (CD138), Settore MED/05 - PATOLOGIA CLINICA, FLC, Settore BIO/12 - BIOCHIMICA CLINICA E BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE CLINICA, Cryoglobulinemia, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, Female, Immunoglobulin Light Chains, Syndecan-1, Biomarkers, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

Chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can cause severe extrahepatic manifestations, such as mixed cryoglobulins (MC), up to the development of B cell nonHodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL). Mechanisms transforming of HCV infection into lymphoproliferative and/or autoimmune disorders are still poorly understood. In course of HCV infection, the sustained virus-driven antigenic stimulation may probably induce a B-cell clonal expansion. Measurements of serum free light chains (FLCs) levels, considered as a direct marker of B cell activity, are analyzed with increasing interest in clinical practice, for diagnosis, monitoring and follow-up of plasma cell dyscrasia. Syndecan-1 (CD138) is a transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan expressed and actively shed by most myeloma cells. Membrane CD138 represents the major receptor protein for HCV attachment to the hepatocyte surface and high levels of circulating sCD138 levels are detected in patients at early stage of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. This study is aimed to evaluate sCD138 and FLC levels as diagnostic biomarkers of HCV-related MC with B-NHL.We enrolled 35 HCV-MC-NHL patients, characterized for the specific type of cryoglobulins, and 25 healthy blood donors (HBD) as negative control. Serum sCD138 levels were determined using ELISA kits specific for human sCD138. Serum FLCs were assessed by means of the turbidimetric assay.We found that serum levels of sCD138, as well as FLCs, were significantly higher in patients than in HBD (p0.001).In agreement with the definition of HCV-driven lymphoproliferative disorders as the consequence of a multifactorial and multistep pathogenetic process, we suggest that sCD138 and FLCs could be considered putative independent markers of worsening progression of the disease.

Published
2020

48. Immunological Role of IgG Subclasses

Author

Napodano, Cecilia, primary, Marino, MariaPaola, additional, Stefanile, Annunziata, additional, Pocino, Krizia, additional, Scatena, Roberto, additional, Gulli, Francesca, additional, Rapaccini, Gian Lodovico, additional, Delli Noci, Stefano, additional, Capozio, Giovanna, additional, Rigante, Donato, additional, and Basile, Umberto, additional

Published
2020
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