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The structure of the complex salt,cis-[Cr(NCS)2(cyclam)]2[Cr2O7]·H2O (cyclam = 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane, C10H24N4), has been determined from synchrotron data. The asymmetric unit comprises of one [Cr(NCS)2(cyclam)]+cation, one half of a Cr2O72−anion (completed by inversion symmetry) and one half of a water molecule (completed by twofold rotation symmetry). The CrIIIion is coordinated by the four cyclam N atoms and by two N atoms ofcis-arranged thiocyanate anions, displaying a distorted octahedral coordination sphere. The Cr—N(cyclam) bond lengths are in the range 2.080 (2) to 2.097 (2) Å while the average Cr—N(NCS) bond length is 1.985 (4) Å. The macrocyclic cyclam moiety adopts thecis-V conformation. The bridging O atom of the dichromate anion is disordered around an inversion centre, leading to a bending of the Cr—O—Cr bridging angle [157.7 (3)°]; the anion has a staggered conformation. The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonds involving the cyclam N—H groups and water O—H groups as donor groups, and the O atoms of the Cr2O72−anion and water molecules as acceptor groups, giving rise to a three-dimensional network.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound comprises of one complex cation, one half of a Cr2O7 2− anion and one half of a water mol­ecule. The CrIII ion has a distorted octa­hedral coordination by four N atoms of the cyclam ligand and by two N-bonded NCS groups in cis positions; the conformation of the dichromate anion is staggered., The structure of the complex salt, cis-[Cr(NCS)2(cyclam)]2[Cr2O7]·H2O (cyclam = 1,4,8,11-tetra­aza­cyclo­tetra­decane, C10H24N4), has been determined from synchrotron data. The asymmetric unit comprises of one [Cr(NCS)2(cyclam)]+ cation, one half of a Cr2O7 2− anion (completed by inversion symmetry) and one half of a water mol­ecule (completed by twofold rotation symmetry). The CrIII ion is coordinated by the four cyclam N atoms and by two N atoms of cis-arranged thio­cyanate anions, displaying a distorted octa­hedral coordination sphere. The Cr—N(cyclam) bond lengths are in the range 2.080 (2) to 2.097 (2) Å while the average Cr—N(NCS) bond length is 1.985 (4) Å. The macrocyclic cyclam moiety adopts the cis-V conformation. The bridging O atom of the dichromate anion is disordered around an inversion centre, leading to a bending of the Cr—O—Cr bridging angle [157.7 (3)°]; the anion has a staggered conformation. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter­molecular hydrogen bonds involving the cyclam N—H groups and water O—H groups as donor groups, and the O atoms of the Cr2O7 2− anion and water mol­ecules as acceptor groups, giving rise to a three-dimensional network.

We have here synthesized new chiral Schiff base Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) complexes (Ni, Cu, Zn) and hybrid materials with azobenzene (AZ) in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Linearly polarized UV light irradiation of these hybrid materials slightly increased their optical anisotropy of AZ as well as the complexes, which were measured with polarized IR and UV-Vis spectra and discussed based on TD-DFT calculations. Non-linear concentration (viscosity) dependence of PMMA solutions about artifact peaks suggested weak intermolecular interactions due to the flexibility of complexes by inserted methylene chains. Molecular modeling indicated that large spaces around complexes in PMMA resulted in easy molecular orientation (Ni > Cu > Zn) as short-term saturation of the UV light irradiation.

Nipradilol (CAS 81486-22-8) is a non-selective beta-blocker with alpha-1 blocking and nitroglycerin-like vasodilating activities. In the present communication, the long-term efficacy and safety of nipradilol were investigated and the efficacy, safety and utility of topical nipradilol and timolol (CAS 91524-16-2) were compared in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. In the long-term study, nipradilol for 1 year (52 weeks) was performed by registration method. 67 out of 68 patients were subjected to analysis and 57 patients (83.8 %) completed 52-week instillation. 0.25 % nipradilol was applied twice daily to patients. As a result, intraocular pressure (IOP) decreased significantly by 4.0 mmHg to 4.8 mmHg compared with the baseline without tachyphylaxis. The incidence of adverse events was 12.5 % at 52 weeks by analysis with Kaplan-Meier life-table method. It showed no significant trend of increase after 3 months. In the multi-centered double-masked comparative randomized study, 0.25 % nipradilol was assigned to 96 patients and 0.5 % timolol to 100 patients. Each patient was instilled nipradilol or timolol twice daily for 8 weeks. IOP significantly decreased by 4.2 mmHg and by 4.7 mmHg at 8 weeks and the incidence of adverse events was 10.5 % and 12.1 % in the nipradilol and timolol group, respectively. No significant between-group difference in IOP reduction or incidence of adverse events was seen. Topical nipradilol showed long-term ocular hypotensive effects and clinical safety in a 52-week study, and its efficacy and safety equivalent to timolol was confirmed in a 8-week comparative study.

The maritime MANET (Mobile Ad-hoc Network) system using 27MHz/40MHz bands was developed under the technical committee of the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications for “development of technical examination services concerning frequency crowding.” The maritime MANET is based on AODV (Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector) with a transmission power control. After three years study including simulations and demonstrative experiments at sea off Nishinomiya and Kushimoto, the committee has reported the technical standards for the maritime ad-hoc networks using 27MHz/40MHz bands. In this paper, we describe a part of the activities and achievements of the working group constituted under the committee. In the maritime experiments at sea off Kushimoto, five-hop communication was achieved and the effectiveness of the transmission power control was also verified.

This paper summarizes some of the experimental results obtained at our department concerning the effects of adrenergic drugs on the eye.