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Background: Nursing students worldwide are exposed to burnout syndrome resulting from constant academic and clinical stressors. The consequences of student burnout can be related to the student's mental and physical health. Burnout may affect the learning process, achieving professional skills, and future effectiveness while working with a patient and, eventually, might lead to the decision to quit the job. This study aims to analyze the intensity of burnout syndrome among undergraduate nursing students based on their year of study (1), establishing the impact of stress, anxiety, insomnia, and selected sociodemographic variables on the level of burnout (2) and establishing a student profile predestined to be affected by burnout (3). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 841 bachelor's degree nursing students from March 2022 to June 2022. The Maslach Burnout Inventory, Athens Insomnia Scale, Modified Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Perceived Stress Scale were used. Results: High levels of emotional exhaustion were found in 40.9% and depersonalization in 20.33%, while low personal accomplishment was found in 16.88% of the students. Students of nursing in Year 2 presented the highest levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and achieved significantly higher scores on the Athens Insomnia Scale. The determinants of burnout syndrome identified by the regression analysis were: sociodemographic factors (age, gender, and financial resources), the factors connected with the studying environment (year of studies and clinical and academic stressors), and emotional/mental/interpersonal factors (anxiety, depression, insomnia, and intensity of stress related to life situations). Conclusion: The academic community should be encouraged to create a more supportive environment for students, which will ultimately prevent dropouts and increase the number of nursing professionals in the Polish healthcare system. We recommended carrying out regular screening tests for burnout, insomnia, anxiety, stress, and depression (e.g., once a year) among students. Depending on the results of the tests, implementation of interventions aiming at reducing the negative outcomes of burnout syndrome and promoting well-being and adaptive management mechanisms should be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following paper aims to discuss melanoma located in the eye. Melanoma is a malignant tumor arising from melanocytes, in which a mutation has occurred in the DNA and pathological cells have developed. In most cases, this tumor is located on the skin exposed to sunlight, but it is also rarely located in the structures of the eye, especially in the part called uvea. It consists of the anterior and posterior parts, and in each of them the process of carcinogenesis can occur. The disease can cause very non-specific symptoms, mainly pain, visual disturbances, floaters and photopsia, or exophthalmos, but almost half of the cases are asymptomatic. Treatment is complicated and depends on many factors, radiation therapy, laser therapy, local resection and enucleation are used. Most patients are diagnosed when the changes are already extensive, or metastases occur. In the case of liver metastases, the prognosis is unfavorable. For this reason, we want every doctor to pay attention to the eye symptoms reported by the patient in order to be able to recognize this disease as soon as possible and treat it effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study presents the results of team-based, interdisciplinary comparative research on young learners’ life plans and choices – students of full-time academic pedagogy courses and future teachers in selected Central and Eastern European countries. In their life planning model, students considered specific properties of designing and implementing plans: the degree of orientation towards goals, telic orientation, richness of life contents, productivity, social orientation, and emotional and motivational involvement. Our research also met the most important preliminary conditions for data comparability – conceptual, statistical, and interpretative. The comparison of the declarations of students from Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Ukraine reveals significant differences in all preferred life goals, except for a life that commands respect and is pursued under moral values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, polyurethane/polyurea coatings were exposed to four different types of aging: aging in the natural environment (NC), accelerated ultraviolet aging (UV), aging in a sodium chloride solution (NaCl), and thermal aging (TC). To monitor the changes that occurred during these processes, the thickness was measured and microscopic and macroscopic observations were conducted continuously. The samples aged under various conditions were then subjected to spectroscopic (FTIR) and thermal (TGA) analysis to determine the possible structural changes in the coatings. The dependence of aging conditions on the physicochemical properties of the tested coating surfaces was thoroughly investigated and characterized by the water contact angle and surface free energy. Adhesion tests were performed after the established aging period. The results show that different aging conditions have a tremendous effect on the appearance and pull-off strength. The coatings that age in a NaCl solution are more affected in terms of their adhesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pedagogical analysis of the issues addressed in the study adopts theoretical and methodological conceptualisations, referring to Paweł Boski's (1) theory of cultural identity based on values and practices in conditions of bicultural and multicultural socialisation, Tadeusz Lewowicki's (2) theory of identity behaviours, and (3) comparative analysis in international studies. The basis for outlining the sense of identity in local, regional, national, European and extra-European dimensions manifested by academic youth and their perceptions of mixed marriages was an international comparative study con ducted from 2019 to 2021 in the Polish-Czech-Slovak-Ukrainian borderland. The analysis and interpretation of the collected empirical material indicate that - although there have been political transformations in the neighbouring countries, they cooperate in many spheres - both traditional ('constant') elements and new phenomena and processes, determined by the complexity and diversity of historical, cultural-social, cultural-personal and economic conditions, are preserved in the image of identity behaviour manifested by students today. These shape with particular intensity the cultural identity of young learners in the years of early adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper points out the role of language in the functioning of pre-school children. It presents an outline of neurotypical and delayed speech development as well as the diagnostic basis of the disorder called Developmental Language Disorder, whose fundamental symptoms are language deficits. The author refers to the latest research on cognitive functions, both verbal and non-verbal, emphasizing their influence on the child's emotional and social development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Polish beekeepers struggle with high winter colony losses almost every year. We investigated the effect of using screened bottom boards on the overall colony loss rate. We conducted a citizen science survey on the winter colony losses in Poland from 2017/18 to 2019/20. Beekeepers answered questions regarding the number of overwintered and lost colonies and basic beekeeping practices. The study shows that the use of screened bottom boards was associated with the reduced overall colony loss rate; however, the relationship with various types of colony losses was complex and multidirectional. Nevertheless, our study shows that the benefits outweigh the risks, and we recommend the use of screened bottom boards in beekeeping practice in Poland. We conducted a citizen science survey on the winter honey bee colony losses in Poland from 2017/18 to 2019/20 to determine the influence of the use of screened bottom boards on the winter colony losses due to various causes. A total of 1035 beekeepers with 40,003 colonies reported valid data. The overall winter colony loss rate ranged from 10.7% to 13.9%, and in every year, the overall winter colony loss rate was higher than 10% (which is considered as acceptable in Poland). The study reveals that the use of screened bottom boards was associated with reduced overall loss rate. However, the nature of this relationship was not the same in terms of all types of colony losses: while the use of screened bottom boards was associated with a reduced mortality rate (management-related colony loss rate due to dead colonies) in which the empty hives were observed (colony depopulation syndrome, CDS), it was associated with an increased mortality rate in which the lack of food was observed (starvation). Given that in our study the role of CDS in the overall colony loss rate was 2.5-fold higher than the role of starvation, the final influence of the use of screened bottom boards on the overall colony loss rate turned out to be beneficial. Given the well-known beneficial role of screened bottom boards in varroosis control, they are highly recommended in beekeeping practices in Poland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae are dangerous parasites of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). N. ceranae is more pathogenic and, nowadays, more widespread than N. apis. There are also cases of mixed infections or infections of only N. apis. Both N. apis and N. ceranae can lead to the weakening or death of A. mellifera colonies. It is crucial to make a fast and reliable diagnosis to monitor the disease and to start the correct treatment. Additionally, there is a need for further research on the pathogenicity of Nosema spp. and also on their prevalence in different regions of the world. In this paper, we present reliable diagnostic methods for Nosema spp. infection in honey bees and list the advantages and disadvantages of each method. We have also included basic information about nosemosis and the majority of diagnostic methods in order to provide a source of knowledge for veterinarians and researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article, based on a systematic analysis of the problems of national education in the age of information society and digitalised education, reveals the significance of the human paradigm, which is the conceptual core and the major platform for the educational process under the regime of aggravation. The convergence of education and information technology produces not only new areas of knowledge, pedagogical tools and teaching methods but also large-scale transformations in social practice. Like any social change, the digitalisation of education has a variety of consequences - from positive to negative ones. It is shown that the digitalisation of education, which meets great hopes not only in Ukraine and Poland, can be productive only if an anthropocentric algorithm is dealt with. Along with the huge and not much-studied possibilities of digitalisation of education, it is proved that many problems and risks are associated with the total introduction of the "digital" in the educational system. These are social, psychological, health, organisational and methodological risks, and some problems with the reduced quality of education. However, the ethics-related risks are perhaps the most dangerous among them. As regards this, it is proved that the humane paradigm, as a paradigm of the integrity of knowledge that provides values and goals of education, is a guarantor of the harmonisation in many processes related to translating information and knowledge into a digital form. The humane paradigm is the basis of the genetic connection of knowledge, skills, digital literacy, moral imperatives, and life values, which in a synergetic algorithm contribute to students' effective development, systematic thinking, and socialisation. The three most important blocks of educational problems in the discourse on modern cyber-socialisation (transformation of the worldview component of education, reconstruction of the content of education, imbalance of educational and didactic processes) are outlined, and the ways and mechanisms of solving them are suggested. Implementing integrated strategies within the humane paradigm (which is the nourishing source of each of these blocks) might result in the idea of the so-called "new humanism" in education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Epidemiological Review / Przegląd Epidemiologiczny is the property of National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Logopaedica Lodziensia is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Lodzkiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the philosophical-pedagogical analysis of the undertaken issues, some theoretical and methodological conceptualizations have been applied that refer to Paweł Boski's theory of the cultural identity based on values and practices in bi-or multicultural socialization and Harold J. Noah's model of the comparison of academic education. The assumption was also made that the research into the quality of life of Polish and Ukrainian university students enables one to learn the way(s) in which students understand themselves, the others and the world - the way(s) anchored in their own experience and culture. The undertaken studies also address the important problem of forming students' identity in the stage of the so called emerging adulthood. It occurs in the countries where a knowledge-based economy dominates and where the intensive changes both decrease the young's motivation to engage in adult roles and make the young postpone them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theoretical and methodological framework of the undertaken issue is indicated by basic notional categories - culture, value and valuing orientations. While analyzing the philosophical and educational context, assumptions of social and cultural anthropology were applied (with a special focus on its anthropocentric-cultural current), (phenomenologically orientated) axiology and cognitive psychology (with the use of its cognitive-developmental theories). Assumption was also made concerning the exploration of youth's image of the axiological world and the valuing orientations manifested by them, that make it possible to learn the way(s) rooted in culture and experience, in which learners understand themselves, Others and the world. Referring to the results of the studies conducted in 2001-2018 in a few selected cultural borderlands of Poland with European countries (Austria, Germany, Czech Republic) and Ukraine, the undertaken discussion draws attention to the problem of shaping the multidimensional identity of young Poles and Ukrainians, as well as the individual structure of the axiological reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the authors present a reading technique addressed to pre-school and earlyschool children in the context of the role of reading skills in human development. The authors of the paper describe the technique of teaching reading and the neurobiological basis of this technique, dedicated to children with and without developmental disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the authors present the reading difficulties of children with language communication disorders. The authors' experience in therapy allows them to determine the most important difficulties characteristic of people with particular disorders (SLI, dyslexia, autism, Asperger's syndrome and deafness) and to propose a strategy for therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: nursing students experience higher stress and burnout compared to students in other health professions. Additional factors that may have increased the level of stress, anxiety and depression in recent years may have been the challenges faced by nursing education in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic. Aim: To analyze the level of insomnia, the severity of stressors and the level of anxiety and depression among bachelor's degree nursing students in Poland depending on the year of study. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 among 841 bachelor's degree nursing students. An Insomnia Scale (AIS), Modified Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-M), The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and self-report questionnaire were used. Results: The mean insomnia severity score on the AIS scale for the entire study group was 9.14 (elevated score). Students in the second year of the study, compared to students in the first and third years, achieved significantly higher (p=0.008) insomnia severity scores (second year 9.86±4.62 points vs. first year 8.88±4.43 points and third year 8.73±4.86 points). In addition, students in the second year of the study compared to students in the first and third years achieved significantly higher (p=0.021) levels of anxiety (second year 9.58±4.22 points vs. first year 8.83±4.37 and third year 8.64±4.48). The mean value for the clinical stressors subscale was also significantly higher in year II than in year III, where in turn it was significantly higher than in year I (p<0.001). In addition, the score on the academic stressors subscale was significantly higher in year II and III than in year I (p<0.001). Conclusions: It is recommended to regularly screen nursing students for insomnia and for negative emotions such as anxiety, stress and depression. Depending on the results of these screenings, the implementation of interventions to reduce the negative effects of these phenomena should be considered (interventions that promote wellbeing and adaptive coping mechanisms). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study comprises the presentation of an authorial approach to cultural identity, viewed from the perspective of the communities (consisting of children, parents and teachers) of schools with Polish as the teaching language in Australia and some selected European countries (Austria, France, the Czech Republic). In reference to the culturalistic model of identity, the characteristics of the most frequent identity behaviours of these communities were provided in the ethnic, national, integrative and mixed dimension. The author also indicates the contemporary contexts of identity shaping, which are determined by migration processes and multiculturalism. By formulating the most important conclusions resulting from the research, the need is indicated for implementing intercultural education in schools with Polish as the teaching language. Among other things, this will enhance the shaping of a multidimensional feeling of identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of exploring the purposes of using digital tools to support student learning at universities. This comprises some identified types of digital tools and the frequency of their use by academic staff, which varies due to their level of digital literacy. Then the collected data is provided concerning the numbers of academic staff using basic electronic communication methods. The above data were collected in Polish and Czech universities and later compared to each other. The presented study was conducted over the period 2015 - 2016 within the IRNet project - International research network for study and development of new tools and methods for advanced pedagogical science in the field of ICT instruments, e-learning and intercultural competences in Poland (University of Silesia, Faculty of Ethnology and Educational Science in Cieszyn) and the Czech Republic (University of Ostrava, Pedagogical Faculty). The undertaken research was aimed at recognizing academic teachers' activities concerning their support in university students' learning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is a result of the collaboration between Polish and Czech scientists who explore the issues of applying resources from the e-learning environment by academic teachers. The presented study was conducted in 2015 - 2016, within the project IRNet - International research network for study and development of new tools and methods for advanced pedagogical science in the field of ICT instruments, e-learning and intercultural competences. The research was aimed at learning academic teachers' opinions on their own skills and possibilities of using various resources from the e-learning environment, as well as the ways in which they apply information and communication technologies in the educational process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is discussed in the presented study are the transformations in the realization and fulfillment of life aspirations of children and youth from the Polish-Czech borderland. This is done in reference to Carol S. Dweck's concept of motivation and life aspirations, according to which they are fulfilled in two different ways depending on how the nature of human abilities and the reaction to difficulty and failure are understood. The studies conducted in 1990 - 1991 and 2014 - 2015, with the application of the strategy of longitudinal comparisons based on the time criterion, enabled both the recognition of some factors which affected the fulfillment of life aspirations by the young, and the presentation of the relative dynamics of the change and capturing the mechanisms which determine it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is explored in the presented text, in reference to the results of authorial studies conducted in 2005/06 and 2012/13 on teachers working in kindergartens, primary, lower- and upper-secondary schools, are the issues of the implementation of intercultural education in the Polish-Czech borderland. This is done in reference to the levels of the work of school and the teacher, outlined by Jerzy Nikitorowicz, within three major tasks of intercultural education. The empirical data based on questionnaire surveys, observation and document analysis allowed for characterizing contemporary chances and barriers of education towards interculturalism in the environment of both urban and rural school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arabidopsis thaliana is a model plant used in analysis of different aspects of plant growth and development. Under suitable conditions, secondary growth takes place in the hypocotyl of Arabidopsis plants, a finding which helps in understanding many aspects of xylogenesis. However, not all developmental processes of secondary tissue can be studied here, as no secondary rays and intrusive growth have been detected in hypocotyl. However, results presented here concerning the secondary growth in inflorescence stems of Arabidopsis shows that both secondary rays and intrusive growth of cambial cells can be detected, and that, in the interfascicular regions, a storied cambium can be developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Purpose: Oral mucositis (OM) still represents a significant complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCT). Observational studies focusing on risk factor definitions are still warranted. Method: A total of 126 patients participated in this observational study after autologous HSCT with the BEAM and HD-l-PAM 200mg/m2 conditioning regimens. Basic clinical and laboratory variables and their impact on OM were assessed. Results: Age, gender, body mass index, and baseline absolute neutrophil counts were not shown to have any negative impact on OM development. The multivariate analysis revealed oral cryotherapy non-provision as being the most significant predictor for OM incidence (p < 0.0001), followed by BEAM conditioning regimen (p = 0.007), OM in a patient''s history (p = 0.002) and lower number of days since the last chemotherapy (p = 0.025). The cryotherapy was remarkably effective both in the single high-dose melphalan 200mg/m2 conditioning regimen (18% OM in cryotherapy vs. 68% without it, p <0.0001) and in the multidrug BEAM (melphalan 140mg/m2) regimen (38% vs. 86%, p =0.006). Conclusion: Oral cryotherapy should be implemented into supportive care management in patients treated with high-dose melphalan short-infusion chemotherapy. Large and well-designed randomized trials are necessary to obtain more significant and reliable results and understanding regarding OM risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What has been outlined in this study are the achievements, problems and prospects of cultural transmission in family and school environments in the Polish-Czech borderland. Referring to the results of the studies conducted with the use of the panel method made it possible to focus on the issues of family and school in pedagogical intercultural studies, on the transmission of values in the contemporary Cieszyn family, as well as on the transmission of culture and educational knowledge in borderland school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The suggestion comprised in this study for bringing education closer to natural conditions of cultural transmission may become an interesting pedagogical off er. This proposal also involves abandoning the traditional ideology of cultural transmission, which refl ects children's development on the basis of the correlation of their behaviour with particular cultural standards. The suggested offer assumes that the processes of both culturation and (primary and secondary) socialization enables learners' rooting into a culture (the assimilation of the existing cultural values), as well as their acquiring a particular place in the community. On the other hand, owing to children's subject-oriented self-fulfillment abilities, these processes allow children to "create" new, socially accepted values in the form of cultural products, which entails the creation of a "new" quality of a particular group or a new culture of society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the issues of the acculturation stress experienced by the children living in Gubin (in the Polish-German borderland), whose parents decided to educate and fulfill their children's obligatory school duty in the German cultural environment in the neighbouring Guben. It has been assumed that Polish children's systematic education (regularly living with their parents in their homeland) in German school: (a) contributes to their applying different acculturation strategies in various areas of life, (b) becomes the source of a constant and/or recurrent acculturation stress, which the child at early school age (with no support from the family and the environment of the admitting culture) is not prepared to manage both in the psycho-physical (individual) and social aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complex issues of the identity of contemporary youth, their axiological preferences and their self-defining in relation to other people and their own country have been undertaken in this article. Theoretical assumptions associated with globalization and shaping the youth's patriotic and civil attitudes constitute the basis for research which aims at specifying: (1) the values appreciated by learners from final classes of upper-secondary schools as significant determiners of their feeling of identity, (2) the relation between global culture and forming the youth's patriotic attitudes and their identification with their homeland, (3) the relation between the consumer society and the youth's readiness to undertake civil activity and to sacrifice personal interests for others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]