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Current implant therapy is a frequently employed treatment for individuals who have lost teeth, as it offers functional and biological advantages over old prostheses. Concurrently, active exploration of intervention strategies aims to prevent the progression of peri-implant diseases and manage the existing peri-implant tissue damage. Indian Society of Periodontology has recognized the need for systematic documents to update the everyday clinical practice of general dental practitioners and has provided evidence-based consensus documents, namely good clinical practice recommendations from time to time to raise the oral health-related awareness and standards of oral health-care delivery across the country. The current clinical practice recommendations focused on peri-implant care to bridge the gap between academic theory and clinical practice by compiling evidence-based suggestions for preventing and treating peri-implant diseases. Twenty-eight subject experts across the country prepared these recommendations after a thorough literature review and group discussions. The document has been prepared in three sections covering peri-implant health and maintenance, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis. It will be a quick and concise reference for oral implant practitioners in patient management. The guidelines provide distinct definitions, signs, and symptoms, treatment required; recall visit specifications for plausible clinical case situations, and home-care recommendations regarding maintaining peri-implant health. The document advocates combined efforts of oral implant practitioners and the population at large with evidence-based, integrated, and comprehensive peri-implant care. By providing accessible, applicable guidance, these guidelines would empower dental professionals to uphold the well-being of implant patients and ensure the long-term success of implant therapy.

Oral health is vital for the general well-being, overall body health and the quality of life throughout our lifetime. Most of the oral diseases and conditions are largely related to the maintenance of oral hygiene, lacking that people suffer from diverse oral diseases at different times in their life. With greater life expectancy, the individuals have teeth involved with periodontal diseases that would not only require professional care but also home gum care for them to last a lifetime. Indian Society of Periodontology (ISP) has recognized the need for systematic documents to update everyday clinical practice of general dental practitioners and have provided evidence-based consensus documents, namely good clinical practice recommendations from time to time to raise the oral health-related awareness and standards of oral healthcare delivery across the country. The current set of clinical practice recommendations focused to “Gum Care for All”, is aimed at emphasizing and enhancing the awareness regarding oral health promotion, maintenance, and disease prevention. Twenty-five subject matter experts from across the nation, prepared these recommendations after a thorough literature review and group discussions. The document has been prepared in three distinct sections, namely pretherapeutic, therapeutic, and post therapeutic, to provide guidance during the respective phases of patient management and may serve as a quick and concise reference to the readers. The guidelines shall provide the distinct definitions, signs and symptoms, treatment required; recall visit specifications for plausible clinical case situations, home care advice regarding maintenance of oral hygiene including information on brushing technique, care and change of brush, use of interdental aids, and mouthwashes, etc. The document should advocate and guide the combined efforts of general dentists, and the population at large toward an empowered, evidence based, integrated, and comprehensive oral health care, which shall enhance the healthful functioning and longevity of the dentition and general health of the individual.

We present the temperature-dependent reaction rate coefficients of CN ^− and C _3 N ^− with atomic hydrogen in the temperature range from 7 to 290 K, measured in a 16-pole radio-frequency ion trap. The rate of C _3 N ^− with H steadily increases toward lower temperatures, while the rate coefficients for the CN ^− + H system show a sudden change around 160 K. Fits to the data were performed to determine temperature-dependent reaction rate coefficients. The fits reveal a rate coefficient of $4.1{(3)\times {10}^{-10}(T/300)}^{-0.31(6)}$ cm ^3 s ^−1 for C _3 N ^− + H. For CN ^− , we determined a rate coefficient for the temperature regime below 160 K of $3.2{(4)\times {10}^{-10}(T/300)}^{-0.31(11)}$ cm ^3 s ^−1 . Given our present results, higher rate coefficients than previously reported must be assumed for the modeling of cold interstellar environments involving these H atom reactions.

Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a rising concern in clinical dentistry that causes pain and discomfort and negatively affects the quality of life of patients. Indian Society of Periodontology conducted a nationwide survey, involving 3000 dentists in December 2020, which revealed significant knowledge gaps regarding DH, viz., under-diagnosis, incorrect differential diagnosis, and treatment strategies/recommendations for the management of DH patients in daily clinical practice. The current paper has been envisioned and conceptualized to update the practicing Indian dentists regarding the so-called enigma of dentistry “Dentin Hypersensitivity,” based on the best available contemporary evidence. An expert panel was constituted comprising 30 subject experts from across the country, which after extensive literature review and group discussions formulated these recommendations. The panel advocated routine screening of all dentate patients for exposed dentin areas and DH to avoid under-diagnosis of the condition and suggested an early preventive management. Consensus guidelines/recommendations for the use of desensitizing agents (DAs) at home, including the use of herbal agents, are also provided within the backdrop of the Indian context. The guidelines recommend that active management of DH shall be accomplished by a combination of at home and in-office therapies, starting with the simplest and cost-effective home use of desensitizing toothpastes. A diagnostic decision tree and a flowchart for application in daily practice are designed to manage the patients suffering from DH or presenting with exposed dentin areas in dentition. Various treatment methods to manage DH have been discussed in the paper, including the insights from previously published treatment guidelines. Further, a novel system of classification of DH patients based on specific case definitions has been developed for the first time. Explicit charts regarding the available treatment options and the chronology of institution of the agent, for the management in different case categories of DH, have been provided for quick reference. The management strategy takes into account a decision algorithm based on hierarchy of complexity of treatment options and intends to improve the quality of life of the patient by long-term maintenance with an innovatively defined triple C's or 3Cs approach.

Titanium is a commonly used inert bio-implant material within the medical and dental fields. Although the use of titanium is thought to be safe with a high success rate, in some cases, there are rare reports of problems caused by titanium. Even though various recent advancement in the implant has been implicated in this era, still titanium is gold stranded among dental implant materials. In most of these problematic reports, only individual reports are dominant and comprehensive reporting has not been performed. This comprehensive article has been prepared to review the toxicity of titanium and its alloy materials in the field of dentistry. Keywords: Allergy; implant toxicity; titanium implants; titanium particles; Yellow nail syndrome

Background: Systemic health is the fundamental right of any individual, and it cannot be attained or maintained without oral health. Oral cavity is the gateway and the mirror of health. This link is often ignored. This lack of understanding of the correlation between oral and systemic health often leads to the poor systemic health because of the poor oral status. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the awareness among the general public about periodontal diseases and its impact on systemic health. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire with 15 questions including general awareness about periodontitis and its impact on systemic health were given to patients and were asked to select their preferred option of yes, no, and don't know. The awareness of the individuals was categorized based on their educational qualification, age, and gender as well. Results: The results obtained showed increased awareness among females, postgraduates, and 35–50 years group of individuals according to their category of gender, education, and age group, respectively. Conclusion: There is always a strong influence of oral health on systemic well-being. This link among the two is often ignored and overlooked. Oral health upholds the overall well-being of the patient. Further studies need to be conducted on large scale population and camps need to be conducted to increase the awareness among the general public of periodontal diseases and their systemic impact.

Current implant therapy is a frequently employed treatment for individuals who have lost teeth, as it offers functional and biological advantages over old prostheses. Concurrently, active exploration of intervention strategies aims to prevent the progression of peri‑implant diseases and manage the existing peri‑implant tissue damage. Indian Society of Periodontology has recognized the need for systematic documents to update the everyday clinical practice of general dental practitioners and has provided evidence‑based consensus documents, namely good clinical practice recommendations from time to time to raise the oral health‑related awareness and standards of oral health‑care delivery across the country. The current clinical practice recommendations focused on peri‑implant care to bridge the gap between academic theory and clinical practice by compiling evidence‑based suggestions for preventing and treating peri‑implant diseases. Twenty‑eight subject experts across the country prepared these recommendations after a thorough literature review and group discussions. The document has been prepared in three sections covering peri‑implant health and maintenance, peri‑implant mucositis, and peri‑implantitis. It will be a quick and concise reference for oral implant practitioners in patient management. The guidelines provide distinct definitions, signs, and symptoms, treatment required; recall visit specifications for plausible clinical case situations, and home‑care recommendations regarding maintaining peri‑implant health. The document advocates combined efforts of oral implant practitioners and the population at large with evidence‑based, integrated, and comprehensive peri‑implant care. By providing accessible, applicable guidance, these guidelines would empower dental professionals to uphold the well‑being of implant patients and ensure the long‑term success of implant therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to clinically evaluate the use of biodegradable chlorhexidine chip when used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of moderate to severe periodontitis patients. The study also intended to compare the combined therapy (SRP and Chlorhexidine chip) with chlorhexidine chip alone in individuals with periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Fifteen patients with three sites having a probing depth of 5-8mm were considered for the study. Sites were numbered 1, 2, 3 randomly. The clinical parameters assessed were the Plaque Index (PI), gingival index (GI), Bleeding on probing (BOP), Clinical attachment level (CAL) and Probing pocket depth (PPD). Following baseline evaluation, on two sites scaling and root planing (SRP) was performed, no treatment was carried out in the third site. Chlorhexidine chips were placed on one site with SRP and another without SRP. A periodontal pack was placed on the site to prevent dislodgement of the CHX chip. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, one month and three months. Duration of the study was for three months. Statistical Analysis: T-test and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been carried out in the present study. Results: All three groups presented with an improvement in the clinical parameters compared to baseline. There was no statistically significant difference between the SRP and SRP + CHIP group in all parameters. There was a significant difference when these two groups were compared to the chip alone group. The mean reductions in PPD were 2.8mm (SRP group), 2.6 (SRP+CHIP group), 0.8 (chip alone group) The mean gain in CAL were 2.8mm (SRP group), 2.5 (SRP+CHIP group), 0.7 (chip alone group). Reduction in bleeding on probing were significant for the SRP and SRP +CHIP group but not for the chip alone group. Conclusion: The CHX chip did not provide any clinical benefit beyond that achieved with conventional scaling and rootplaning after a three month period.

Oral health is vital for the general well-being, overall body health and the quality of life throughout our lifetime. Most of the oral diseases and conditions are largely related to the maintenance of oral hygiene, lacking that people suffer from diverse oral diseases at different times in their life. With greater life expectancy, the individuals have teeth involved with periodontal diseases that would not only require professional care but also home gum care for them to last a lifetime. Indian Society of Periodontology (ISP) has recognized the need for systematic documents to update everyday clinical practice of general dental practitioners and have provided evidence-based consensus documents, namely good clinical practice recommendations from time to time to raise the oral health-related awareness and standards of oral healthcare delivery across the country. The current set of clinical practice recommendations focused to "Gum Care for All", is aimed at emphasizing and enhancing the awareness regarding oral health promotion, maintenance, and disease prevention. Twenty-five subject matter experts from across the nation, prepared these recommendations after a thorough literature review and group discussions. The document has been prepared in three distinct sections, namely pretherapeutic, therapeutic, and post therapeutic, to provide guidance during the respective phases of patient management and may serve as a quick and concise reference to the readers. The guidelines shall provide the distinct definitions, signs and symptoms, treatment required; recall visit specifications for plausible clinical case situations, home care advice regarding maintenance of oral hygiene including information on brushing technique, care and change of brush, use of interdental aids, and mouthwashes, etc. The document should advocate and guide the combined efforts of general dentists, and the population at large toward an empowered, evidence based, integrated, and comprehensive oral health care, which shall enhance the healthful functioning and longevity of the dentition and general health of the individual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a rising concern in clinical dentistry that causes pain and discomfort and negatively affects the quality of life of patients. Indian Society of Periodontology conducted a nationwide survey, involving 3000 dentists in December 2020, which revealed significant knowledge gaps regarding DH, viz., under-diagnosis, incorrect differential diagnosis, and treatment strategies/recommendations for the management of DH patients in daily clinical practice. The current paper has been envisioned and conceptualized to update the practicing Indian dentists regarding the so-called enigma of dentistry "Dentin Hypersensitivity," based on the best available contemporary evidence. An expert panel was constituted comprising 30 subject experts from across the country, which after extensive literature review and group discussions formulated these recommendations. The panel advocated routine screening of all dentate patients for exposed dentin areas and DH to avoid under-diagnosis of the condition and suggested an early preventive management. Consensus guidelines/recommendations for the use of desensitizing agents (DAs) at home, including the use of herbal agents, are also provided within the backdrop of the Indian context. The guidelines recommend that active management of DH shall be accomplished by a combination of at home and in-office therapies, starting with the simplest and cost-effective home use of desensitizing toothpastes. A diagnostic decision tree and a flowchart for application in daily practice are designed to manage the patients suffering from DH or presenting with exposed dentin areas in dentition. Various treatment methods to manage DH have been discussed in the paper, including the insights from previously published treatment guidelines. Further, a novel system of classification of DH patients based on specific case definitions has been developed for the first time. Explicit charts regarding the available treatment options and the chronology of institution of the agent, for the management in different case categories of DH, have been provided for quick reference. The management strategy takes into account a decision algorithm based on hierarchy of complexity of treatment options and intends to improve the quality of life of the patient by long-term maintenance with an innovatively defined triple C's or 3Cs approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The etiological factors of periodontal diseases are the habitation of dysbiotic bacteria, absence of beneficial bacteria, and susceptibility of the host. Irresolute pattern in the periodontal diseases pathogenesis leads to the evolution of novel antimicrobial therapy. Objective: The objective of the study is to assess and compare the competency of locally delivered probiotic paste with chlorhexidine gel as a supplement to scaling and root planing (SRP) in chronic periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods: A split-mouth randomized controlled trial was designed on 10 systemically healthy participants having chronic periodontitis at three distinct quadrants with 5–6-mm pocket depth. The sites in each participant were randomly selected for Group A (negative control), Group B (positive control), and Group C (test). In Group A, only SRP, Group B – SRP + chlorhexidine local drug delivery (LDD), Group C – SRP + probiotic LDD were done, respectively. Gingival index (GI) and bleeding index (BI) were determined at baseline, 3rd, 6th, and 9th weeks, whereas probing pocket depth (PPD), Russell's periodontal index, and clinical attachment level were checked at baseline and after 9 weeks. Results: It shows a significant reduction in GI, BI, PPD, and gain of CAL in probiotic LDD group. Conclusion: Nowadays, since microbes are rapidly developing resistance to antibiotics, the development of probiotics is a boon for the treatment of periodontal diseases. Diseases of the periodontium are not restricted to the oral cavity alone but also have strong systemic effects. Hence, probiotics give a natural and promising choice of therapy to establish both good oral and systemic health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new NaI/CuI,II polynuclear compounds [(NaCu3((R,R)‐3‐MeOSalcy)2(NCO)2](1) and [(NaCu2(3‐MeOSalpn)(NCO)2] (2) have been synthesized using the Schiff base (SB) ligands, (R,R)‐3‐MeOSalcy=(R,R)–N,N′‐bis(3‐methoxysalicylidene)‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane and 3‐MeOSalpn=N,N′‐bis(3‐methoxysalicylidene)‐1,3‐diaminopropane, respectively. Both complexes contain the rarely observed linear [Cu(NCO)2]− ion which links [{CuII(SB)}2Na]+ ions in 1 or [{CuII(SB)Na}2]2+ ions in 2 producing different linear chain topologies. The mixed valent CuI/IINa network in compound 1 allows for greater magnetic isolation of the paramagnetic ions as compared to compound 2, leading to differences in their EPR spectra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of thirty six complexes obtained from acetonitrile solutions of Cu(NO3)2, Ln(NO3)3 and 2,2‐biyridine or 5,5‐dimethyl‐2,2‐bipyridine (Ln=La‐Yb excluding Pm) have been characterized. The crystals may be grouped into six types: Type‐I, [Cu(bpy)3][La(NO3)5(OH2)]; Type‐II, [Cu(bpy)3][Ln(NO3)5(OH2)] ⋅ 2CH3CN (Ln=Ce, Pr); Type‐IIa, [Cu(5,5‐dmbpy)3][Ln(NO3)5(OH2)] ⋅ 2CH3CN (Ln=La, Ce); Type‐III, [Cu(bpy)3][Ln(NO3)5] (Ln=Nd, Sm–Lu); Type‐IIIa [Cu(5,5‐dmbpy)3][Ln(NO3)5] (Ln=Pr, Nd, Sm‐Lu); Type‐IV, [Cu(5,5‐dmbpy)2(NO3)]2[Ln(NO3)5(OH2)]⋅CH3CN [Ln=La‐Nd, Sm‐Tb). The coordination numbers of the nitrato and aquonitrato lanthanide anions are 10 and 11, respectively. The tris‐chelates in Types I, II and IIIa undergo static Jahn‐Teller distortion while Types IIa and III support fluxional tris‐chelate ions. Type‐IV contains distortion isomers of [Cu(5,5‐dmbpy)2NO3]+. The structural trends are analysed in terms of lanthanide contraction and non‐covalent interactions in the crystals. EPR and electronic spectral characteristics are discussed for the six types of compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article highlights a voltage instability when the bidirectional interlinking converter (BIC) of a hybrid ac–dc microgrid operates as a constant power load (CPL). The instability is attributed to the impedance interactions seen at the dc port of the BIC. The BIC is operated with two different controllers, viz., a PI controller and a model predictive controller (MPC). In order to avert the instability, prohibiting impedance interactions is proposed as a design objective while determining the bandwidth of the PI controller. However, since a flexible control over bandwidth is not available with MPC, an active damping technique is proposed to address the instability. The proposed technique works equally well for the PI controllers with fixed or predetermined bandwidths. An important feature of the proposed technique is that it does not interfere with the original objectives of the controllers, once the instability is addressed. The technique comprises only one tuning factor, which does not depend on the BIC's internal parameters. As a result, it can easily be implemented as a general stabilizing scheme in any BIC. The efficacy of the proposed technique is verified through simulations, frequency-domain impedance analyses as well as experiments on a laboratory prototype of the BIC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five new polybromide compounds containing tris-chelates of 1,10-phenanthroline and 2, 2-bipyridine as counter cations are described: [Mn(phen)3](Br3)2 (1), [Co(phen)3](Br3)3 (3) and [M- (phen)3](Br3)(Br8)1 =2 where, M=Fe (2), Cu(4) or Zn(5). All are obtained by self assembly in solution starting from divalent transition metal bromides and bromine along with the ligand. In the case of CoBr2, bromine acts as a tribromide precursor as well as oxidising agent. The Mn compound is isomorphous with the corresponding triodide and analogously contains one short and one normal trihalide ion. The Co compound contains one bent but symmetric Br3 ion. The three compounds containing the Z-shaped octabromide ion are isostructural. While the cation in 1 has a crystallographically imposed C3 symmetry, the tris chelates in the other four compounds have near trigonal symmetry. Unusually, the trigonally compressed octahedral cation in 4 has six almost equal Cu N bond distances. Attempts to prepare bpy analogs of 1 resulted in a new dibromo-bridged compound [Mn2Br2(bpy)4](Br3)2 (6) and a dioxo-bridged compound [Mn2O2(bpy)4](Br3)3 (7). The mixed valence cation in 7 formed by bromine oxidation of MnBr2, followed by disproportionation, is well known with other anions. All the paramagnetic compounds (1, 4, 6, 7) give resolved EPR spectra since the bulky anions help to magnetically isolate the cations. The unsymmetric dibromo bridges in 6 produce a net, albeit weak, ferromagnetic coupling between the two [Mn(bpy)2] ²+ fragments. Raman as well as electronic spectra are reported for all compounds. Raman bands, though significantly different even for isostructural compounds, may be understood in terms of Br3 ions and Br2 molecules. All compounds give luminescence from phen and bpy both in solid and solution states, modulated by the coordinated metal io [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposes a comprehensive power management scheme (CPMS) for the economical and smart operation of a photovoltaic (PV) battery based Hybrid Microgrid (HMG) system. The solar-PV, DC-loads and battery storage are interfaced to DC-bus of the HMG. The battery is integrated into the DC-bus using a bidirectional energy storage converter (BESC). The voltage and frequency of AC-bus are regulated by utility grid and bidirectional interlinking converter (BIC) during grid-connected and islanded modes of operation, respectively. The proposed CPMS obviates high-speed communication link between converters for maintaining the system stability during power disturbances. Therefore, the vulnerability to collapse due to communication link failure is eliminated, thereby enhancing system reliability. The operational performance of HMG is improved with the proposed CPMS by providing additional features (minimisation of operating cost of the HMG, enhancement in voltage regulation of the DC-bus etc.) using low-speed communication network. The proposed CPMS can also be extended to a larger HMG system by utilising the full bandwidth of the communication network. Further, the proposed CPMS enables HMG to seamlessly switch from grid-connected to islanded mode and vice-versa. Experimental results validating the efficacy of the proposed CPMS are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Systemic health is the fundamental right of any individual, and it cannot be attained or maintained without oral health. Oral cavity is the gateway and the mirror of health. This link is often ignored. This lack of understanding of the correlation between oral and systemic health often leads to the poor systemic health because of the poor oral status. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the awareness among the general public about periodontal diseases and its impact on systemic health. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire with 15 questions including general awareness about periodontitis and its impact on systemic health were given to patients and were asked to select their preferred option of yes, no, and don't know. The awareness of the individuals was categorized based on their educational qualification, age, and gender as well. Results: The results obtained showed increased awareness among females, postgraduates, and 35–50 years group of individuals according to their category of gender, education, and age group, respectively. Conclusion: There is always a strong influence of oral health on systemic well-being. This link among the two is often ignored and overlooked. Oral health upholds the overall well-being of the patient. Further studies need to be conducted on large scale population and camps need to be conducted to increase the awareness among the general public of periodontal diseases and their systemic impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Periodontal health is usually essential to achieving the successful orthodontic therapy in short as well as the long term. The ability of the patient to achieve and maintain good oral hygiene while undergoing orthodontic treatment to prevent the chances of occurance of periodontal diseases is also very important. Aim: To identify the common periodontopathogenic microorganisams in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Supragingival plaque samples are collected from 10 patients who are undergoing orthodontic treatment with an age group between 13-35 years and the plaque samples are incubated in 37°C under aerobic conditions for 24 hours. Samples inoculated in to different medias (Blood agar, Chocolate agar, Mac conkey agar) and incubated to 37°C under aerobic conditions for 24 hours. The colony characters and morphology on gram staining were observed. The different isolated colonies were subjected for phenotypic characterisation by automated bacterial identification system (MALDI-TOF-MS). Results: Streptococcus and Enterobacter species are the predominent microorganisams followed by Neisseria species, Acinetobacter species, Pseudomonas species and Klebsiella species in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a novel ancillary feature in bidirectional interlinking converter (BIC) for enhancing the transient performance of an islanded hybrid ac–dc microgrid. The system under consideration includes an ac microgrid with a mix of inertial and non-inertial sources integrated with a dc microgrid through a BIC. The existing BlC control schemes do not judiciously utilize the inertial sources [like the synchronous generator (SG)] as short-term storage for enhancing the transient performance of the system. Since both the microgrids are interfaced through a BIC, this can be achieved by adaptively varying its output frequency during disturbance in the ac microgrid. In the proposed scheme, the BIC is operated as a virtual synchronous generator (VSG) and its output frequency is deliberately increased/decreased during the disturbance. The change in BIC output frequency results in circulating current between the BIC and the SG. Since the BIC voltage phasor leads/lags the SG voltage phasor, it results in the utilization of the inertia of SG as storage. It provides a cost-effective solution by reducing the dependence of the scheme on storage, thereby minimizing the storage requirement while maintaining the transient stability of the system. The proposed control strategy is validated through simulations and experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of thirteen complexes which may be formally considered as assembled from Cu(bpy)2(NO3)2 and Ln(NO3)3 (Ln=La−Yb excluding Pm, bpy=2,2'‐bipyridine) have been characterized. The crystals may be grouped into four classes: A, [Cu2(bpy)4(μ‐NO3)][Ln(NO3)6] (Ln=La−Nd); B, [Cu(bpy)2(NO3)]2[Ln(NO3)4(OH2)2](NO3) (Ln=Sm−Dy); C, [Cu(bpy)2(NO3)]2[Ln(NO3)5] (Ln=Ho−Tm); D, [Cu(bpy)2(NO3)]2 [Ln(NO3)3(OH2)3](NO3)2⋅2H2O (Ln=Yb). The coordination numbers of the nitrato or aquonitrato lanthanide anions range from 9 to 12. The dinuclear cation in Class A having a linear monoatomic nitrate bridge is new and is seen to produce weak antiferromagnetic coupling in these compounds. The other classes contain distortion isomers of [Cu(bpy)2NO3]+. The structural trends are analysed in terms of lanthanide contraction and non‐covalent interactions in the crystals. EPR and electronic spectral characteristics are discussed for the four classes of compounds. Self assembly from acetonitrile solutions containing 2,2‐bipyridine and hydrates of Cu(NO3)2 and Ln(NO3)3 results in 13 CuII‐LnIII compounds belonging to four classes. The structural trends including the formation of the new dinuclear Cu(II) complex having linear monoatomic nitrato bridge as well as the unusual cocrystal of neutral lanthanide aquanitrate with Cu(II) complex salt are analysed in terms of lanthanide contraction and non‐covalent interactions in the crystals. Magnetic properties, EPR and electronic spectral characteristics are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new triply bridged Cu(II) compounds [Cu3(bpy)2(μ‐ClCH2COO)6] (1) and [Cu2(bpy)2(μ‐OH)(μ‐OH2)(μ‐ClCH2COO)](ClO4)2 (2) (where, bpy=2,2'‐bipyridine) have been synthesized and their magnetic properties have been measured and correlated with structure. Compound 1 is a novel centrosymmetric tricopper compound with only carboxylate bridges. The terminal Cu2+ ions have [5 + 1] coordination while the central ion has [4 + 2] coordination. The three centres are antiferromagnetically coupled, the exchange parameters for the neighbouring and distant pairs of Cu(II) atoms being 2 J=–28.6 cm–1 and 2 J'=–1.0 cm–1, respectively. In compound 2 three types bridging modes are observed, viz., hydroxo, aquo and carboxylato. The two Cu(II) centers are ferromagnetically coupled (2 J=73.8 cm–1) as previously observed for several di‐copper complexes with the same bridges. DFT calculations are in reasonable agreement with the magnetic exchange parameters for both dinuclear and trinuclear compounds. [Cu3(bpy)2(μ‐ClCH2COO)6] (1) and [Cu2(bpy)2(μ‐OH)(μ‐OH2)(μ‐ClCH2COO)](ClO4)2 (2) are two new triply bridged Cu(II) compounds. Compound 1 is a novel centrosymmetric tricopper compound with only carboxylate bridges and is antiferromagnetic while 2 is ferromagnetic. Their magnetic properties are correlated with structure and modeled well using DFT calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The broadband luminescence of isolated Cr+3 ions in the title lattices is investigated. The 4T2g lowest excited state is found to undergo Jahn–Teller distortion in the eg coordinate, in addition to expanding along the a1g. Quantitative determination of these displacements is made by analysis of extremely rich fine structure, the Ham quenched spin-orbit splitting of the electronic origins, and the Stokes shifts. The Jahn–Teller effect is found to influence the temperature dependence of lifetimes at less than 50 K. In the yttrium containing hosts, nonradiative deactivation of the 4T2g is observed above 200 K. Analysis of lifetime data with four models for nonradiative decay indicates that the active vibrations are again the a1g and eg. The trends observed among the host materials are rationalized on the basis of the freedom of the 4T2g to relax along the a1g and eg directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe current work is devoted to a comparative analysis of enhanced co-factors in solidified floating organic drop microextraction methods (SFODME) and an environmental assessment. Also, the description of SFODME, with a focus on its applications in the determination of metals in different matrices, was explained. The impact of several parameters, developments, and greenness evaluations was introduced. Especially, the review provides a concise overview of the multiple approaches to SFODME, with an emphasis on environmentally friendly, supported co-factors. These mods include ultrasound, vortex, and air-assisted SFODME procedures. The selectivity and sensitivity increase when co-factors are added to SFODME. Lastly, the analysis also aims to select tools (Analytic GREEnness Metric Approach (AGREE), Red-Green-Blue (RGB12), and Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI)) that have been described as environmentally friendly. Additionally provide an explanation of the data collected, compare, and emphasize the advantages of certain characteristics in each tool. Furthermore, case studies and comparisons for three tools were shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Five new chiral MnIII complexes [Mn((1R, 2R)‐Salcy)N3]∞⋅CH3CN (1), [Mn((R,R)‐Salcy)N3]∞ (2), [Mn((R,R)‐Salcy)N3] (4), [Mn((R,R)‐Salcy)(H2O)N3]⋅C4H8O (5) and [Mn((R,R)‐Salcy)NCS] (6) have been synthesized and characterized by X‐ray structural analysis and magnetic measurements (Salcy=N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane}. The four azido complexes have been obtained from the previously known [Mn((R,R)‐Salcy)(CH3OH)N3] (3) by crystallization from various solvents. Compounds 1 and 2 are trans‐μ‐1,3‐azide bridged coordination polymers. While 1 forms helical chains, the chain in 2 is formed via translation of a dimeric helicate repeat unit. Compound 3 is a methanol coordinated mononuclear azido complex which forms a 2D‐network through H‐bonding. Compounds 4 and 6 are phenoxo‐bridged dimers without inversion center. Compound 5 is an aqua coordinated mononuclear azido complex, which forms a 1D‐chain through O−H⋅⋅⋅N hydrogen bonding involving axial ligands. In all six compounds MnIII exhibits a characteristic Jahn−Teller elongation. The magnetic coupling in 1 and 2 leads to antiferromagnetic interaction along the chain (2 J=−11.6 cm−1 for 1 and –11.9 cm−1 for 2) through the μ‐1,3‐azide bridge. Compound 3 is weakly antiferromagnetic due to hydrogen bonding interactions in the lattice. The phenoxo dimers (4 and 6) do not have measurable exchange interaction, the low temperature susceptibility being influenced mainly by zero‐field splitting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reaction of CuII halides with 4,5-diazaflouren-9-one (dafone) in acetonitrile and in the presence of halogens gave four novel compounds: [Cu(dafone)2Cl2]Br2 (1), [Cu(dafone)2Br2]Br2 (2), [Cu(dafone)2(CH3CN)2](IBr2)2 (3), and [Cu(dafone)2(CH3CN)2](Br3)2(Br2)2 (4). The well-known preference of dafone to form an unsymmetrical chelate with Cu2+ directs the halide ion and acetonitrile to the equatorial plane of the octahedral complex. In 1 and 2, dibromine links the neutral halo complex molecules to form infinite chains of the previously known neutral molecules. The acetonitrile complex in 3 has the symmetrical mixed trihalide (IBr2–) as a counterion, while in 4 the cation is surrounded by a tribromide-dibromine network. Raman, EPR, optical absorption, and luminescence characteristics are discussed. The dibromine molecules in 1 and 2 provide a pathway for weak magnetic coupling along the chain polymer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new iodobromides [I2Br62- (analogue of I82- and Br82-) and IBr4- (analogue of Br5- and I2Br3-)] and new chains formed from Br3-, Br2 and IBr4- have been obtained in three compounds all containing the same CuII tris-chelate cation Cu(dafone)32+ {[Cu(dafone)3](Br3)(Br5) ( 1), [Cu(dafone)3](Br5)(Br8)0.5·CH3CN ( 2) and [Cu(dafone)3](IBr4)(I2Br6)0.5·CH3CN ( 3)} by a procedure employing bromine, iodine, CuII bromide and dafone in acetonitrile. The formation of chains and isolated polyhalide ions is facilitated by templating with the tris-chelate cation. The Raman spectra of the polyhalides and EPR and other spectral characteristics of the fluxional CuII complex cation are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Orthodontic wires are the corner stones of the science and art of orthodontics and they remain in the patient's mouth for a prolonged period of 18-24 months. It is but natural to expect that they will undergo some biodegradation when in the oral environment during that period. This study aims to compare the biodegradation characteristics of four different orthodontic wires, stainless steel, nickel titanium (NiTi), titanium molybdenum alloy (TMA), and copper NiTi and to assess whether these biodegradation products, are within acceptable limits. Materials and Methods: This study involved the incubation of four different wires in artificial saliva and analyzing the amount of metal released from them at the end of a 28 days study period. The metals analyzed for where nickel, chromium, copper, cobalt, manganese, iron, molybdenum, and titanium. The artificial saliva was changed on days 7, 14, and 21 to prevent the saturation of metals in the artificial saliva. At the end of 28 days, these four samples of artificial saliva of each wire were mixed together and analyzed for the eight metals using an inductively coupled plasma spectroscope. Results: The results showed only the release of nickel, chromium, and iron from stainless steel wire, nickel from NiTi wire, nickel, and chromium from copper NiTi and none from TMA wire. Conclusion: The metals released from arch wires are of such minute quantities to be of any biologic hazard. The amount of metals released is well within acceptable biocompatible limits. Though this study has analyzed the biodegradation of various orthodontic wires, orthodontic wires are never used alone in mechanotherapy. Orthodontic wires along with multiband appliance system with which it is always used and in combination with accessories like face bows may release more metals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study was to clinically evaluate the use of biodegradable chlorhexidine chip when used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of moderate to severe periodontitis patients. The study also intended to compare the combined therapy (SRP and Chlorhexidine chip) with chlorhexidine chip alone in individuals with periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Fifteen patients with three sites having a probing depth of 5-8mm were considered for the study. Sites were numbered 1, 2, 3 randomly. The clinical parameters assessed were the Plaque Index (PI), gingival index (GI), Bleeding on probing (BOP), Clinical attachment level (CAL) and Probing pocket depth (PPD). Following baseline evaluation, on two sites scaling and root planing (SRP) was performed, no treatment was carried out in the third site. Chlorhexidine chips were placed on one site with SRP and another without SRP. A periodontal pack was placed on the site to prevent dislodgement of the CHX chip. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, one month and three months. Duration of the study was for three months. Statistical Analysis: T-test and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been carried out in the present study. Results: All three groups presented with an improvement in the clinical parameters compared to baseline. There was no statistically significant difference between the SRP and SRP + CHIP group in all parameters. There was a significant difference when these two groups were compared to the chip alone group. The mean reductions in PPD were 2.8mm (SRP group), 2.6 (SRP+CHIP group), 0.8 (chip alone group) The mean gain in CAL were 2.8mm (SRP group), 2.5 (SRP+CHIP group), 0.7 (chip alone group). Reduction in bleeding on probing were significant for the SRP and SRP +CHIP group but not for the chip alone group. Conclusion: The CHX chip did not provide any clinical benefit beyond that achieved with conventional scaling and rootplaning after a three month period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental implants have become the preferred treatment option for missing teeth replacement due to their functional and restorative benefits. However, placing implants in the esthetic zone remains a challenge due to anatomical factors and the need for optimal emergence profile. The use of custom abutments and regenerative techniques in this case report resulted in a successful implantsupported restoration with excellent functional and aesthetic outcomes. The case highlights the importance of proper treatment planning and the use of advanced techniques in implant dentistry to achieve optimal results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Almost a year back, at Chandigarh, when I was preparing myself mentally to take over the responsibility of heading this prestigious society and meandering the activities of Indian Society of Periodontology (ISP) for this year, I had mixed feelings. This year, we have had 3 successful UG conventions in Mumbai, Kochi, and Chennai which saw a large number of attendances from all the UG students. Finally I would like to thank all the life members and PG students for their constant support in all ISP activities and for being the life of this society. [Extracted from the article]