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The description of the basic principles embodied in the concept of "Industry 4.0" and the possibility of their use in the development of measures aimed at increasing intelligence of modern control system of thermal power plants (TPP) the results of the analysis of the level of intelligence and efficiency of modern control system on the basis of program-technical complexes (PTС). It is shown that, despite the widespread introduction of modern PTС in the construction of new and modernization of existing ACSTPs of TPP, the improvement of the quality of technological processes, optimization of their modes and parameters, occurs mainly at the level of equipment and power unit and to a much lesser extent - at the level of power plants and as a result-an insufficient level of automation and low technical and economic efficiency. Another conclusion from the analysis - when implementing control algorithms in automated process control systems based on modern PTC, their wide information and software capabilities are not fully used. The main ways of further improvement of ACSTPs in order to increase their efficiency and the level of intelligence of ACSTPs of power plants based on PTC are given The assessment of the level of increase in intelligence and economic effect from the implementation of the proposed solutions is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The modes of operation of the steam turbine stage in non-steam and motor modes are considered. Analytical models of the operation of the stage with and without active power generation are obtained. Calculation expressions are given for quantifying the maximum allowable total power of the turbine stages when the cooling steam flows into the flow part of the turbine from the safety condition of the generator when it is accidentally disconnected from the network. The efficiency of the method using experimental data of the motor mode on the K-200 power unit is shown. Based on the thermal and balance equations, a condition is obtained that excludes the possibility of external steam flows into the intermediate stages of the turbine affecting the parameters of the steam flowing through the flow part. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Operating peculiarities of the stage, the group of stages and the flow part of the steam turbine in low-flow modes, in particular, in the steamless and motor modes, and methodological approaches to their registration in the simulation of hydrodynamic processes are considered. Particular attention is paid to determining the power losses for friction and ventilation. The technique and algorithm for calculating the temperature state of the flow part of a steam turbine are given. Based on the conducted studies, the regularities characteristic of the motor regime of most steam turbines are revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the actual problems of increasing the intelligence of TPP (thermal power plant) control systems built on the basis of modern software and hardware complexes (PTC). It is shown that from the standpoint of the modern approach, complex technical control systems satisfy the definition of intelligent control systems as systems that act rationally and optimally. It is from these positions that the report considers the problems of increasing the intelligence of the TPP control system on the basis of creating a unified system of optimal control of technological and production processes in all modes of operation of power units and the station as a whole. As assessment of the degree of intellectuality is considered the conventional "factor of intelligence", which is the fraction of intelligent technologies in the total functions of ACS on a given task or level of control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Adenovirus penton is a non-covalent complex composed of the penton base and fiber proteins, localized at the twelve vertices of the icosahedral virus capsid. In cells infected by adenovirus serotype 3 (Ad3), penton is found not only in the virus capsid but also self-assembled in dodecahedra formed through interactions between the twelve penton bases. In this study, the intracellular trafficking of penton proteins from the cytoplasm to the nucleus has been followed, and the nuclear re-arrangement induced by viral infection has been observed by electron microscopy of ultrathin sections. The amount of dodecahedra has been assessed in relation to the number of Ad3 infectious virions produced during the Ad3 replication cycle. It appears that dodecahedra are produced in a large excess over viral infectious particles and that they are located intranuclearly along the nuclear membrane of Ad3-infected cells at late times of infection. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]