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Philip K. Dick’s novels Ubik and The Man in the High Castle explore the idea of the multiplicity of realities, which can be understood better if interpreted from a cosmological point of view. The scientific principles of decoherence, as formulated by H. Dieter Zeh and Hugh Everett III, shed light on the nature of these fictional worlds, their creation and dissolution and their perception by both the protagonists and the reader. Ontological puzzles of the quantum world, based on the rejection of the special status of an observer in physical reality and fractal branching of the universe, offer insights into the mechanisms at work in these two novels. Decoherence may be the key to understanding the disintegrating borders between realities in both novels, which are manifested as worlds in superposition. However, the rules of this scientific principle are radically challenged by the emergence of what could be termed the agents of re-coherence. These agents reveal the existence of alternate realities in the novels, as well as the process of the violation of the decoherence principle. Not only are these occurrences interesting from both a scientific and artistic point of view, they also reveal the realities in the novels as being far more coherent than they seem on the surface and interpretable as literary parallels to thought experiments conceived as possible explanations of the quantum world theory.

AbstractA new strategy by which to defeat Carter's “anthropic” argument against extraterrestrial life and intelligence is presented. Our approach is based on relaxing hidden uniformitarian assumptions and considering instead a dynamical succession of evolutionary regimes governed by both global (Galaxy-wide) and local (planet- or planetary system–limited) regulation mechanisms. Notably, our increased understanding of the nature of supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, and strong coupling between the Solar System and the Galaxy, and the theories of “punctuated equilibria” and “macroevolutionary regimes” are in full accordance with the regulation-mechanism picture. The application of this particular strategy highlights the limits of application of Carter's argument and indicates that, in the real universe, its applicability conditions are not satisfied. We conclude that drawing far-reaching conclusions about the scarcity of extraterrestrial intelligence and the prospects of our efforts to detect it on the basis of this argument is unwarranted. Key Words: Astrobiology—Extraterrestrial intelligence—Galaxy: evolution—History and philosophy of science. Astrobiology 9, 491–501. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]