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Tsukasa Mochizuki, Kazuyuki Hirooka, Naoki Okada, Hiromitsu Onoe, Kana Tokumo, Hideaki Okumichi, Yoshiaki Kiuchi Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8551, JapanCorrespondence: Kazuyuki Hirooka, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan, Tel +81-82-257-5247, Fax +81-82-257-5249, Email khirooka9@gmail.comPurpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate ab interno trabeculotomy outcomes without phacoemulsification.Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 118 eyes of patients aged 18 and above who underwent ab interno trabeculotomy between December 2017 and August 2022. When surgeries were performed in both eyes, only the eye undergoing the initial surgery was evaluated. Prior to and after surgery, the intraocular pressure (IOP) and mean number of IOP-lowering medications were compared. An IOP of ≤ 21 mmHg (A) and ≤ 18 mmHg (B) along with a ≥ 20% reduction in the preoperative IOP was defined as survival. Cases that required reoperation for glaucoma were defined as surgical failure. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to evaluate the survival rates. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the preoperative factors that influenced survival rates.Results: At 36 months postoperatively, the 13.4 ± 2.8 mmHg average IOP was significantly decreased from the preoperative 23.5 ± 9.8 mmHg value (P < 0.0001). Moreover, a significant decrease in the mean number of the IOP-lowering medications to 2.3 ± 1.4 at 36 months was found versus the initial 3.9 ± 1.1 preoperative value (P < 0.0001). The survival rates for criteria A and B at 36 months postoperatively were 28% and 25%, respectively. Only the preoperative IOP was identified by multivariate analysis as a factor influencing survival rates (P < 0.0001). Hyphema in 36 eyes (30.5%) and an IOP spike in 20 eyes (16.9%) were the only observed complications. Additional glaucoma surgery was required in 27 eyes (22.9%) during the follow-up period.Conclusion: Utilization of ab interno trabeculotomy effectively lowered the IOP and reduced the number of IOP-lowering medications. Patients with higher preoperative IOP exhibited better postoperative outcomes.Keywords: microhook, Kahook Dual Blade, intraocular pressure, glaucoma

We evaluated electrical passivation of crystalline silicon wafers possessing oxidized layers using a laser terahertz (THz) emission microscope, measuring waveforms of laser-excited THz emission from those surfaces with a corona charging setup to tune surface potential without electrical contact. The THz waveform strongly correlated to the surface potential, evaluated by measuring surface photovoltage using a Kelvin probe when the surface was depleted or inverted. The waveform also correlated to the potential of the surface in the accumulation mode and inverted near the flatband condition. The minority carrier lifetime agreed with the theoretically determined dependence on the charge density. These results indicate that the surface potential of a semiconductor covered by an insulator which can be charged by the corona charging setup can be evaluated by assessing the THz emission. Further, such a sample can also be used as a reference to quantitatively relate the waveform of the THz emission and the internal field of surface band bending in semiconductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: The genetic contribution to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is under investigation. Recent evidence indicates a significant linkage between a locus on chromosome 19p13 and IBD. We investigated [...]

A design method to lay emphasis on differential geometric approach for decentralized nonlinear optimal excitation control of multimachine systems is suggested in this paper. The control law achieved is implemented via purely local measurements. Moreover, it is independent of the parameters of power networks. Simulations are performed on a six-machine system. It has been demonstrated that the nonlinear optimal excitation control could adapt to the conditions under large disturbances. Besides, this paper has verified that the optimal control in the sense of LQR principle for the linearized system is equivalent to an optimal control in the sense of a quasi-quadratic performance index for the primitive nonlinear control system.

A search for neutrinos produced in coincidence with gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) was conducted with the Super-Kamiokande (SK) detector. Between December 2008 and March 2017, the Gamma-ray Coordinates Network recorded 2208 GRBs that occurred during normal SK operation. Several time windows around each GRB were used to search for coincident neutrino events. No statistically significant signal in excess of the estimated backgrounds was detected. The |$\bar\nu_e$| fluence in the range from 8 MeV to 100 MeV in positron total energy for |$\bar\nu_e+p\rightarrow e^{+}+n$| was found to be less than |$\rm 5.07\times10^5$| cm |$^{-2}$| per GRB at a 90% confidence level. For all GRBs, upper bounds were obtained on the fluence as a function of neutrino energy. Additionally, for GRBs at known distances, upper limits were set for the neutrino energy emission at the GRB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The newly discovered gastrointestinal peptide, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP), and two structurally related peptides are investigated to determine their involvement in the release of peptide YY (PYY) in conscious dogs. A dose-related release of PYY is stimulated by an intravenous administration of PACAP-27 or PACAP-32. The PACAP induced release of PYY is cholinergic dependent. There is no participation of the beta-adrenergic tone and ganglionic transmission in the PYY release by the PACAP.