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Newcastle disease (ND) is among the most common and deadliest poultry diseases worldwide. Thermostable Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines have been widely used to protect village chickens against ND due to their decreased dependence on cold chains for transport and storage. The NDV4 Heat-Resistant (NDV4HR) vaccine is an apathogenic, heat-resistant, live vaccine that can induce immunity in chickens. In this study, 60 one-day-old Arain local hybrid broilers were divided into three groups of 20. Group A had the usual vaccination program in broiler flocks (seven days old: B1 type by eye drop and ND killed vaccine intramuscularly; 18 and 28 days old: LaSota strain orally). Group B did not receive any vaccine, and group C received the NDV4HR vaccine orally, six times from the first day to the 35th day of rearing. All groups were nasally challenged with acute Newcastle virus (genotype VIId) on the 35th rearing day. Regarding the hemagglutination inhibition serum antibody titer of the birds after the challenge, group B had the highest (7.12±1.05), and group C (6.37±1.31) had a higher titer than group A (6±1.22). After the challenge with the Newcastle virus, the necropsy findings and clinical symptoms of the disease were almost similar in groups A and C. Group B showed the most signs, with higher casualties than other groups. Regarding weight gain, group C had the highest weight at the end of the study (2204±106). On the second day after the challenge, groups A and B had virus shedding through the trachea and cloaca, while group B shed the virus only through the trachea. Furthermore, on the seventh day after the challenge, group A shed the virus through the cloaca, whereas group B did it through the trachea and the cloaca. On the other hand, there was no virus shedding in group C. This study showed that the NDV4HR vaccine provokes an antibody response that protects the birds against a virulent virus challenge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The use of antracycline in breast cancer has been associated with adverse cardiac events and its prevention remains an important challenge in cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of bisoprolol in preventing acute cardiac events caused by anthracycline drugs in breast cancer patients. Methods 70 consecutive breast cancer patients planned to receive anthracycline chemotherapy were enrolled in this double blind, randomized clinical trial. Patients randomly assigned to receive either bisoprolol (2.5 mg daily) or placebo starting from day before chemotherapy up to 14 days after completion of chemotherapy course. One day before the start of chemotherapy and 14 days after the last chemotherapy, the level of Pro-BNP and troponin, CPK, CK-MB and EF (based on MUGA scan) were measured and changes were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the level of EF (P = 0.160), CPK (P = 0.295), CK-MB (P = 0.073) or Pro-BNP (P = 0.066) in the bisoprolol group, but a significant decrease was observed in EF in the control group (P = 0.015). There was a significant increase in CPK and Pro-BNP (P = 0.03l; P = 0.048); however, no statistically significant difference in CK-MB was observed (P = 0.710) in the control group. troponin levels were not increased in any patients. Conclusions Our results showed that bisoprolol may have an appropriate preventive effect on the acute complications of anthracycline drugs in patients with breast cancer, thus its use can be recommended to reduce cardiac complications in this group of patients. Legal entity responsible for the study The authors. Funding Has not received any funding. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]