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Abstract: Carbapenems have generally been considered the pharmacotherapy of last resort for managing infections associated with health services caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. However, it is worrisome that this situation is being threatened worldwide with the appearance of bacterial strains that resist these antibiotics due to the production of novel B-lactamases with direct carbapenem-hydrolyzing activity (carbapenemases). This study was performed to characterize KPC carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated from a hospital in the Zulia region during 2009-2013. KPC carbapenemase production was detected in 423 strains of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (36.29%). The most affected patients were male adults from the intensive care unit. The most common site of colonization was the respiratory tract, while rectal carrier status was rare. These KPC carbapenemases were detected mainly in K. pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, E. coli and E. cloacae. Most isolates showed multidrug-resistance and an extensively drug-resistant phenotype. The majority of the phenotypic methods were effective for the detection of KPC producers in Enterobacteriaceae isolates and the presence of blaKPC gene confirmed that the Carbapenemase circulating in Enterobacteriaceae strains in this region are the KPC type. Resumen: Los antibióticos carbapenemes representan generalmente los últimos recursos para el tratamiento de infecciones asociadas a los servicios de salud producidas por bacterias Gram negativas multiresistentes. Es preocupante que esta situación esté siendo amenazada en todo el mundo por la aparición de cepas con resistencia a estos antibióticos debido a la producción de Carbapenemasas. Observando este panorama, se caracterizaron tanto fenotípica como genotípicamente las cepas de Enterobacteriaceae productoras de Carbapenemasas tipo KPC aisladas en un Hospital de la región Zuliana, durante 2009 a 2013. Fueron detectadas 423 cepas de Enterobacteriaceae resistentes a los carbapenemes debido a la producción de estas enzimas (36,29%). Los pacientes más afectados fueron adultos de sexo masculino procedentes de la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva. El sitio de colonización más frecuente fue el tracto respiratorio, mientras que el estado de portador rectal fue poco frecuente. Las KPC fueron detectadas principalmente en K. pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, E. coli y E. cloacae, siendo multidrogo-resistentes y extensamente drogo-resistentes. La mayoría de los métodos fenotípicos utilizados permitieron confirmar la presencia de Carbapenemasas y la detección del gen blaKPC confirmó que las carbapenemasas que circulan en cepas de Enterobacteriaceae de nuestra región son del tipo KPC.

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Pfeiffer syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder with an incidence of 1 in 100,000 newborns, which is characterized by craniosynostosis, besides hand and foot malformations. Clinical case: 26-day-old female, daughter of first pregnancy; 18-year-old mother and 23-year-old father, without consanguinity or inbreeding. It was obtained at term. Physical examination: cloverleaf skull, wide anterior fontanelle, wide forehead, bitemporal narrowing, hypoplastic supraorbital arches, and bilateral ocular proptosis. Upper extremities: broad thumbs, bilateral fifth finger clinodactyly. Lower extremities: broad first toes, bilateral fifth toe clinodactyly. Skull CT scan: fusion of the lambdoid, sagittal, and coronal sutures, ventricular asymmetry, with decreased density of the brain parenchyma, and cerebellar hypoplasia. At 35 days of life the patient died. Conclusion: Clinical and prognostic spectrum of patients with Pfeiffer syndrome is wide and depends on the type of mutation in FGFR1 and FGFR2 genes. These patients require multidisciplinary management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The cell density of the marine microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum is highest at a concentration of 8 to 16 milli-moles of nitrogen/liter and a renewal rate of 10%. The protein concentration increases with an increase in nutrient concentration and renewal rate. The steady-state cell concentration, and carbohydrate and lipid levels decrease with an increase in nitrogen level, due to an increase in the renewal rate. Lipids and carbohydrates are reserved as energy sources in the algae.

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Biológica Colombiana is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Engineering & Technology (2256-3903) is the property of Corporacion Universitaria Lasallista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The wastewaters from domestic and industrial activities, directly or indirectly reach natural water bodies, causing changes in their physical, chemical and biological properties. In this work the effect of biostimulation and bioaugmentation techniques on pollutants’ removal in water from Toas Island harbor (Maracaibo Lake, Venezuela) was evaluated. Experimental units (250 mL) containing study site water contaminated with gasoil 1% v/v were used. Microalgal and bacterial growth were observed for all test conditions. Although there were no significant differences (p>0.05) between biostimulated and bioaugmented treatments in terms of the removal of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), a better performance was obtained in the bioaugmented with removals of: 99,8% removal for organic matter in the treatment with 0.5 and 1 mL/L of fertilizer, 40.80% for total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in the treatment with 0.25 mL/L of fertilizer, 87.5% for phosphate in the treatment with 0.5 mL/L of fertilizer and 66.7% for nitrate in the treatment with 1.0 mL/L of fertilizer. We recommend further investigations on the potential of biostimulation and bioaumentation techniques with the use of autochthonous microorganisms in the removal of contaminants present in natural waters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of cyanobacteria isolated from hypersaline environments is of interest because of their metabolic and ecophysiologic versatility in adapting to extreme conditions of salinity, temperature, irradiance and nutrient availability. The effect of salinity at 0‰, 35‰, 70‰ and 100‰ on the growth, dry weight, and pigment, protein, carbohydrate and lipid production of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. was determined. Bioassays were kept in ALGAL medium equivalent to 8 mM NaNO3, constant aeration, 12:12 h photoperiod, 28 ± 2°C and 156 μmol quanta m-2 s-1 of irradiance. The cyanobacterium was able to grow under all salinities tested. Cell density was optimized at 35‰, with 607.64 ± 14.35 cells mL-1. The highest values of dry weight (3.87 ± 0.03 ng cell-1), chlorophyll a (41.86 ± 0.39 fg cell-1), β-carotene (9.03 ± 0.15 fg cell-1), zeaxanthin (9.74 ± 0.24 fg cell-1), proteins (1.95 ± 0.05 pg cell-1) and carbohydrates (1.80 ± 0.05 pg cell-1) were obtained at 100‰; however, the highest lipid content (0.45 ± 0.04 pg cell-1) was reached at 0‰. This Synechococcus strain shows halotolerance and the capacity to modulate the production of enriched biomass with pigments, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids in terms of salinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]