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Domesticated Penaeus monodon broodstock females (DF) are currently dominating the shrimp industry in Vietnam and globally. However, the downgraded quality of DF compromises the sustainability of P. monodon production. Compared with DF, wild-caught broodstock females (WF) exhibit superior survival rate, offspring quality, and anti-pathogen capability, attracting interest from the seed production sector. To understand their reproductive biology and maturation at a molecular level, we conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of P. monodon broodstock females from domestication and wild sources. We performed a comparative analysis for ovaries, hepatopancreas, and eyestalks at previtellogenesis (stage I) and late cortical rod stage (stage IV). The analysis generated 13,801 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which the number of downregulated genes exceeded that of upregulated genes at stage I. Similarly, the number of downregulated genes surpassed the number of upregulated genes in stage IV, apart from hepatopancreas, where the number of upregulated genes increased compared to the downregulated ones. This expression pattern suggests that the number of DEGs depends on the vitellogenic stages and tissues where they are expressed. A comparative DEG profiling study of WF and DF highlights the key genes that are likely to enhance the reproductive traits, classified into signaling and transporting in stage I, anti-pathogens, molting and reproduction genes in stage IV, deepening our understanding of the molecular events during vitellogenic stages. Our study provides candidate genes for genetic selection and/or gene manipulation to improve the reproductive traits in the domesticated P. monodon broodstock females.

Background: Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) caused by Naegleria fowleri is a rare and devastating infection of the central nervous system, often diagnosed late, due to its rapid progression and nonspecific symptoms. Case Presentation: We report one of the youngest documented pediatric Vietnamese cases of PAM in a 10-month-old girl from the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The diagnosis was confirmed through multiplex real-time PCR (MPL-rPCR), microscopy, and sequencing. Clinical data were gathered retrospectively from medical records, and additional details were provided by the patient’s family. Treatment regimens, disease progression, and diagnostic challenges were reviewed and compared to existing literature. With intensive treatment, the child survived for 14 days, representing one of the longest reported pediatric PAM survival durations. No direct exposure to untreated freshwater or other typical risk factors for Naegleria fowleri infection was identified, underscoring the unique epidemiological nature of this case. MPL-rPCR enabled timely detection of the pathogen and demonstrated its utility in resource-limited settings. Conclusions: This case highlights the critical need for rapid, accessible diagnostic tools such as MPL-rPCR, particularly in resource-constrained environments where traditional diagnostics may not be feasible. It also emphasizes the importance of international collaboration and investment in cost-effective diagnostics and novel therapeutic strategies. The geographical expansion of PAM due to climate change further underscores the urgency of these measures to improve health outcomes in vulnerable populations.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally. This research implements a system for monitoring heart rate, electrocardiogram, and providing alerts for potential risks to patients based on data collected using the LSTM machine learning model. The wearable device is compact in size with a long battery life. The information collected from the device can be remotely monitored by doctors through a visual interface on a web server model, and patients can self-monitor their electrocardiogram status through an application on a mobile device. By integrating the LSTM model into the design, this study has addressed two issues: predicting the trend of the electrocardiogram signal and detecting abnormalities in the predicted signal. This allows users to self-monitor their personal status and doctors to better adjust the treatment method for the patient’s health.

This paper presents the design and fabrication of a micro Pirani gauge using VO as the sensitive material for monitoring the pressure inside a hermetical package for micro bolometer focal plane arrays (FPAs). The designed Pirani gauge working in heat dissipating mode was intentionally fabricated using standard MEMS processing which is highly compatible with the FPAs fabrication. The functional layer of the micro Pirani gauge is a VO thin film designed as a 100 × 200 μm pixel, suspended 2 μm above the substrate. By modeling of rarefied gas heat conduction using the Extended Fourier's law, finite element analysis is used to investigate the sensitivity of the pressure gauge. Also the thermal interactions between the micro Pirani gauge and bolometer FPAs are verified. From the fabricated prototype, the measured device TCR is about −0.8% K and the sensitivity about 1.84 × 10W K mbar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]