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3. Capacity of infinite graphs over non-Archimedean ordered fields

Author

Fischer, Florian, Keller, Matthias, Muranova, Anna, and Nicolussi, Noema

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, Mathematical Physics, Mathematics - Spectral Theory, 31C20, 47S10, 05C50, 05C22, 12J15
Abstract

In this article we study the notion of capacity of a vertex for infinite graphs over non-Archimedean fields. In contrast to graphs over the real field monotone limits do not need to exist. Thus, in our situation next to positive and null capacity there is a third case of divergent capacity. However, we show that either of these cases is independent of the choice of the vertex and is therefore a global property for connected graphs. The capacity is shown to connect the minimization of the energy, solutions of the Dirichlet problem and existence of a Green's function. We furthermore give sufficient criteria in form of a Nash-Williams test, study the relation to Hardy inequalities and discuss the existence of positive superharmonic functions. Finally, we investigate the analytic features of the transition operator in relation to the inverse of the Laplace operator., Comment: 29 pages, 1 figure

Published
2023
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7. Self-adjoint and Markovian extensions of infinite quantum graphs

Author

Kostenko, Aleksey, Mugnolo, Delio, and Nicolussi, Noema

Subjects
Mathematics - Spectral Theory, Mathematical Physics, Mathematics - Functional Analysis, Primary 34B45, Secondary 47B25, 81Q10
Abstract

We investigate the relationship between one of the classical notions of boundaries for infinite graphs, \emph{graph ends}, and self-adjoint extensions of the minimal Kirchhoff Laplacian on a metric graph. We introduce the notion of \emph{finite volume} for ends of a metric graph and show that finite volume graph ends is the proper notion of a boundary for Markovian extensions of the Kirchhoff Laplacian. In contrast to manifolds and weighted graphs, this provides a transparent geometric characterization of the uniqueness of Markovian extensions, as well as of the self-adjointness of the Gaffney Laplacian -- the underlying metric graph does not have finite volume ends. If however finitely many finite volume ends occur (as is the case of edge graphs of normal, locally finite tessellations or Cayley graphs of amenable finitely generated groups), we provide a complete description of Markovian extensions upon introducing a suitable notion of traces of functions and normal derivatives on the set of graph ends., Comment: to appear in J. London Math. Soc.; 47 pages, 2 figures

Published
2019
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10. Spectral Estimates for Infinite Quantum Graphs

Author

Kostenko, Aleksey and Nicolussi, Noema

Subjects
Mathematics - Spectral Theory, Mathematical Physics, Mathematics - Functional Analysis, 34B45, 34P15, 81Q35
Abstract

We investigate the bottom of the spectra of infinite quantum graphs, i.e., Laplace operators on metric graphs having infinitely many edges and vertices. We introduce a new definition of the isoperimetric constant for quantum graphs and then prove the Cheeger-type estimate. Our definition of the isoperimetric constant is purely combinatorial and thus it establishes connections with the combinatorial isoperimetric constant, one of the central objects in spectral graph theory and in the theory of simple random walks on graphs. The latter enables us to prove a number of criteria for quantum graphs to be uniformly positive or to have purely discrete spectrum. We demonstrate our findings by considering trees, antitrees and Cayley graphs of finitely generated groups., Comment: 38 pages; 2 figures

Published
2017
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14. Tree-rings reveal two strong solar proton events in 7176 and 5259 BCE

Author

Brehm, Nicolas, Christl, Marcus, Knowles, Timothy D. J., Casanova, Emmanuelle, Evershed, Richard P., Adolphi, Florian, Muscheler, Raimund, Synal, Hans-Arno, Mekhaldi, Florian, Paleari, Chiara I., Leuschner, Hanns-Hubert, Bayliss, Alex, Nicolussi, Kurt, Pichler, Thomas, Schlüchter, Christian, Pearson, Charlotte L., Salzer, Matthew W., Fonti, Patrick, Nievergelt, Daniel, Hantemirov, Rashit, Brown, David M., Usoskin, Ilya, and Wacker, Lukas

Published
2022
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16. The influence of decision-making in tree ring-based climate reconstructions

Author

Büntgen, Ulf, Allen, Kathy, Anchukaitis, Kevin J., Arseneault, Dominique, Boucher, Étienne, Bräuning, Achim, Chatterjee, Snigdhansu, Cherubini, Paolo, Churakova (Sidorova), Olga V., Corona, Christophe, Gennaretti, Fabio, Grießinger, Jussi, Guillet, Sebastian, Guiot, Joel, Gunnarson, Björn, Helama, Samuli, Hochreuther, Philipp, Hughes, Malcolm K., Huybers, Peter, Kirdyanov, Alexander V., Krusic, Paul J., Ludescher, Josef, Meier, Wolfgang J.-H., Myglan, Vladimir S., Nicolussi, Kurt, Oppenheimer, Clive, Reinig, Frederick, Salzer, Matthew W., Seftigen, Kristina, Stine, Alexander R., Stoffel, Markus, St. George, Scott, Tejedor, Ernesto, Trevino, Aleyda, Trouet, Valerie, Wang, Jianglin, Wilson, Rob, Yang, Bao, Xu, Guobao, and Esper, Jan

Published
2021
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25. Tree rings reveal globally coherent signature of cosmogenic radiocarbon events in 774 and 993 CE

Author

Büntgen, Ulf, Wacker, Lukas, Galván, J. Diego, Arnold, Stephanie, Arseneault, Dominique, Baillie, Michael, Beer, Jürg, Bernabei, Mauro, Bleicher, Niels, Boswijk, Gretel, Bräuning, Achim, Carrer, Marco, Ljungqvist, Fredrik Charpentier, Cherubini, Paolo, Christl, Marcus, Christie, Duncan A., Clark, Peter W., Cook, Edward R., D’Arrigo, Rosanne, Davi, Nicole, Eggertsson, Ólafur, Esper, Jan, Fowler, Anthony M., Gedalof, Ze’ev, Gennaretti, Fabio, Grießinger, Jussi, Grissino-Mayer, Henri, Grudd, Håkan, Gunnarson, Björn E., Hantemirov, Rashit, Herzig, Franz, Hessl, Amy, Heussner, Karl-Uwe, Jull, A. J. Timothy, Kukarskih, Vladimir, Kirdyanov, Alexander, Kolář, Tomáš, Krusic, Paul J., Kyncl, Tomáš, Lara, Antonio, LeQuesne, Carlos, Linderholm, Hans W., Loader, Neil J., Luckman, Brian, Miyake, Fusa, Myglan, Vladimir S., Nicolussi, Kurt, Oppenheimer, Clive, Palmer, Jonathan, Panyushkina, Irina, Pederson, Neil, Rybníček, Michal, Schweingruber, Fritz H., Seim, Andrea, Sigl, Michael, Churakova (Sidorova), Olga, Speer, James H., Synal, Hans-Arno, Tegel, Willy, Treydte, Kerstin, Villalba, Ricardo, Wiles, Greg, Wilson, Rob, Winship, Lawrence J., Wunder, Jan, Yang, Bao, and Young, Giles H. F.

Published
2018
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30. Book Review: The Routledge Companion to Marine and Maritime Worlds, 1400–1800 by Claire Jowitt, Craig Lambert and Steve Mentz, eds.

Author

Nicolussi-Köhler, Stephan

Abstract

"The Routledge Companion to Marine and Maritime Worlds, 1400–1800" is a comprehensive book that covers a wide range of research fields related to marine and maritime worlds from the late Middle Ages to the modern period. The book aims to provide fresh assessments and new understandings of both European and non-European maritime traditions within global contexts. It consists of 25 contributions, including general overviews and specialized case studies, with extensive bibliographies and manuscript sources. While the book primarily focuses on European maritime nations, it also touches on non-European actors and networks. Overall, the book offers a broad panorama of maritime history and provides valuable insights into recent research in the field. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2023
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37. The antinociceptive and anxiolytic-like effects of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antagonists, MPEP and MTEP, and the mGluR1 antagonist, LY456236, in rodents: a comparison of efficacy and side-effect profiles

Author

Varty, Geoffrey B., Grilli, Mariagrazia, Forlani, Angelo, Fredduzzi, Silva, Grzelak, Michael E., Guthrie, Donald H., Hodgson, Robert A., Lu, Sherry X., Nicolussi, Elisa, Pond, Annamarie J., Parker, Eric M., Hunter, John C., Higgins, Guy A., Reggiani, Angelo, and Bertorelli, Rosalia

Published
2005
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43. European larch sapwood: A model for predicting the cambial age and for a more accurate dating.

Author

Shindo, Lisa, Saulnier, Mélanie, Raese, Hendrik, Guibal, Frédéric, Edouard, Jean-Louis, Bolka, Monika, Carrer, Marco, Corona, Christophe, Gassmann, Patrick, Grabner, Michael, Guillet, Sébastien, Nicolussi, Kurt, Nola, Paola, Pignatelli, Olivia, and Stoffel, Markus

Abstract

European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) holds significant importance as a forest tree species throughout the Alps and in certain regions of central Europe. Its extensive use as construction timber has made it a subject of substantial interest in dendroarchaeological studies aimed at understanding the long-term interactions between human societies and forests. Precise dating of felling phases, accurate estimation of the age of harvested wood, and information on the geographical origin of wood play a crucial role when it comes to characterize these interactions. In this study, we compiled a large dataset of L. decidua samples from across the European Alps to provide a robust statistical model that predicts the cambial age of L. decidua trees based on the number of heartwood rings. By extension, this model can be used to estimate the number of sapwood rings so as to approximate the felling date and to more precise date archaeological larch timber. The model requires almost complete heartwood sequences (<5 missing rings) to achieve accurate estimations. Our results also evidence that the ratio between the number of sapwood and heartwood rings varies across the Alps. At the same time, the indicator developed in this work is not suitable for a determination of wood origin, raising doubts about the effectiveness of attempts aimed at dendroprovenancing L. decidua based on sapwood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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47. Acute visceral cysticercosis by Taenia hydatigena in lambs and treatment with praziquantel.

Author

Scala, A., Urrai, G., Varcasia, A., Nicolussi, P., Mulas, M., Goddi, L., Pipia, A.P., Sanna, G., Genchi, M., and Bandino, E.

Subjects
CYSTICERCOSIS, PRAZIQUANTEL, TAENIA taeniaeformis, LAMBS, SHEEP diseases, LAMB mortality, MEDICAL examiners (Law), THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

An acute outbreak of Taenia hydatigena cysticercosis, causing mortality in 5 of 21 (23.8%) female lambs, is reported. Gross post-mortem examinations and histology showed Cysticercus tenuicollis as the cause of death. Biochemical parameters in infected lambs confirmed severe hepatitis. Praziquantel, given once at 15 mg/kg body weight (bw), was administered and a dramatic improvement in the clinical condition and biochemical parameters was observed up to 30 days following treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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49. Endocannabinoid transport revisited.

Author

Nicolussi, Simon and Gertsch, Jürg

Abstract

Endocannabinoids are arachidonic acid-derived endogenous lipids that activate the endocannabinoid system which plays a major role in health and disease. The primary endocannabinoids are anandamide (AEA, N-arachidonoylethanolamine) and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol. While their biosynthesis and metabolism have been studied in detail, it remains unclear how endocannabinoids are transported across the cell membrane. In this review, we critically discuss the different models of endocannabinoid trafficking, focusing on AEA cellular uptake which is best studied. The evolution of the current knowledge obtained with different AEA transport inhibitors is reviewed and the confusions caused by the lack of their specificity discussed. A comparative summary of the most important AEA uptake inhibitors and the studies involving their use is provided. Based on a comprehensive literature analysis, we propose a model of facilitated AEA membrane transport followed by intracellular shuttling and sequestration. We conclude that novel and more specific probes will be essential to identify the missing targets involved in endocannabinoid membrane transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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50. Responses of hematological parameters, beta-endorphin, cortisol, reactive oxygen metabolites, and biological antioxidant potential in horses participating in a traditional tournament.

Author

Pazzola, M., Pira, E., Sedda, G., Vacca, G. M., Cocco, R., Sechi, S., Bonelli, P., and Nicolussi, P.

Subjects
HEMATOLOGY, ENDORPHINS, HYDROCORTISONE, REACTIVE oxygen species, METABOLITES, ANTIOXIDANTS, HORSE physiology
Abstract

Several concerns have been raised over the health of animals used in equestrian games that have their origins in historical or religious events and are currently held in many countries. This study investigated physiological stress response and health status of horses participating in the Sartiglia, a historical horse tournament held in the city of Oristano, Italy, which is principally based on the attempts of masked horsemen at a gallop to run a sword through a hole in a suspended silver star. Blood samples were collected from 21 horses the day before the tournament (D0), during the tournament (D1), and the day after the tournament (D2). Samples were analyzed for complete blood count and biochemical, hormonal, and oxidative stress assays. Data were analyzed using the mixed effect model with sampling session as one of the fixed effects. On the whole, blood parameters evidenced an optimal health status of horses at D0. Significant dehydration and increase of circulating glucose, enzymes, cortisol, and β-endorphin were registered at D1 (P < 0.001) with a complete recovery of physiological values just at D2. The reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROM), from which the prooxidant activity can be evaluated, showed an increase from D0 to D1 and D2. Concentration of biological antioxidant potential, which measured the antioxidant capacity, was characterized by the maximum level registered during the tournament and counteracted the simultaneous increase of d-ROM. It can be hypothesized that the tournament played an important role in causing high levels of oxidant markers not only because of the physical exercise represented by the gallop but also because the emotional stressors. In conclusion, the tournament caused significant changes of most parameters, which rapidly recovered to baseline values within the day after. These data will certainly be useful for a future implementation of tests in equine medicine and for the improvements of knowledge of changes of blood parameters and health of horses in similar tournaments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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