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The present study was aimed to record the incidence of various urinary system affections in cats both retrospectively and prospectively. The two-year retrospective study recorded 118 cats presented with various surgical affections, among which, majority were found to have fractures (22%) followed by urinary system affections (18.6%). Prospective study for a seven-month period recorded a total of 91 cats presented with different surgical affections in which cases presented with urinary system affections were the highest (23%). Among various urinary system affections, cystitis was the predominant affection in both retrospective and prospective studies accounting for 45.4% and 52.4%, respectively. In both studies, Persian breed tom cats aged less than two years were predominantly affected. Struvite were more abundantly formed in the urine of cats along with amorphous crystals and calcium oxalate crystals, which was observed microscopically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine the echocardiographic parameters of blue-fronted Amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva, Linnaeus, 1758) with varying body condition scores. Thirty-five birds only grown in captivity were included in the study and allocated into three different groups according to their respective body condition scores: Lean, Ideal, and Obese. The group of obese parrots presented lower right ventricle dimensions in diastole than lean parrots. The fractional shortening was considerably lower in obese parrots than in parrots with lean and ideal body condition scores but without statistical significance. The flow rate and the aortic pressure gradient were lower in the lean group than in the ideal group. The alterations in the nutritional state of captive blue-fronted amazon parrots may lead to cardiovascular dysfunctions detected through an echocardiographic evaluation, which represents an important diagnostic tool for these animals. The description of the techniques and the measures obtained in this study can contribute to future research in the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Feline obstructive disease of the lower urinary tract (FLUTD) is a common pathologic condition of cats. It can be related to sterile inflammation, which leads to acute impairment of renal function and the accumulation of electrolytes and acid‐base imbalance. Acute‐phase proteins (APPs) are biomarkers of tissue damage from inflammation that assist in monitoring treatment and prognosis. Objective: Monitoring the inflammatory processes of obstructive feline lower urinary tract disease through the determination of plasma fibrinogen concentrations and serum concentrations of the acute‐phase proteins, serum amyloid A (SAA), alpha‐1‐acid glycoprotein (AGP), and albumin. Methodology: Twenty‐five male cats were included in this study. They were divided into two experimental groups: a control group (CG) and an obstruction group (OG). There were 8 healthy cats in the CG group and 17 cats with obstructive FLUTD in the OG group. APP measurements were conducted using ELISA kits. Samples were collected for APP analyses, serum biochemical assays, urinalyses, and urine protein: creatinine ratio calculations at diagnosis, before urethral clearance (H0), and 12 (H12), 24 (H24), and 48 (H48) hours after urethral clearance from cats in the OG group. Samples were collected once from cats in the CG group cats. Results: At H0, we found positive correlations of SAA, AGP, and fibrinogen with urea and creatinine, and negative correlations of albumin with hematuria, SAA, and potassium. At H48, we found positive correlations between SAA and AGP, AGP and urea, fibrinogen and urea, fibrinogen and creatinine, fibrinogen and AGP, and fibrinogen and SAA. In addition, a negative correlation of albumin with urea and creatinine was observed. Conclusions: Serum amyloid A, AGP, fibrinogen, and albumin could be used as biomarkers of inflammatory processes in cats with obstructive FLUTD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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