Search

الملخص: أهداف البحث: تهدف الدراسة لمعرفة تأثير العلاج بالموجات التصادمية الشعاعية خارج الجسم على التحكم الحركي الانتقائي، التشنج، الوظيفة الحركية الإجمالية والتوازن لدى الأطفال المصابين بالشلل الدماغي احادي الجانب. طرق البحث: تم إجراء هذه الدراسة العشوائية الضابطة على ۳٤ طفلا أعمارهم ٧ الى ٩ أعوام، مصابين بالشلل الدماغي احادي الجانب. الذين تم تقسيمهم عشوائيا للمجموعة الضابطة أو مجموعة الدراسة. تلقت المجموعتان تمارين تقليدية لمدة ۱٢ أسبوعا. تلقت مجموعة الدراسة موجات تصادمية (جلسة واحدة / أسبوع) على عضلات الساق (۱٥٠٠صدمة، تردد ٤ هرتز، طاقة ٠٫٠۳٠مللي جول / مم٢). تم تقييم جميع الأطفال قبل بدء العلاج وبعد ۱٢ أسبوعا باستخدام مقياس أشوورث المعدل، جهاز بيودكس دينامومتر ٤ متساوي الحركة، مقياس الوظيفة الحركية الإجمالية -٨٨, ذو ابعاد ''د'' للوقوف و ''أي'' للمشي، ومقياس التحكم الحركي الإنتقائي تروست، واختبار الوقوف على قدم واحدة. النتائج: أظهرت النتائج تحسنا ملحوظا في عزم الدوران المنحرف، وزوايا عتبة عزم الدوران، والوظيفة الحركية الإجمالية، والتحكم الحركي الانتقائي والتوازن في مجموعة الدراسة بالمقارنة بالمجموعة الضابطة. الاستنتاجات: قد يكون العلاج بالموجات التصادمية أداة قيمة إلى حد كبير للحد من التشنج، تحسين القدرة على عزل الحركة والتحكم فيها، وبالتالي، تحسين التوازن والوظيفة الحركية الإجمالية لدى الأطفال المصابين بالشلل الدماغي أحادي الجانب. Abstract: Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy on selective motor control, spasticity, gross motor function, and balance in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Methods: This randomised controlled study recruited 34 children aged 7–9 with spastic unilateral cerebral palsy. They were randomly allocated to either the control or study group. Both groups undertook traditional exercises for 12 weeks. The study group received shock waves (one session/week) on the calf muscle (1500 shocks, frequency of 4 Hz, energy of 0.030 mJ/mm2). All children were evaluated at baseline and after 12 weeks using the Modified Ashworth Scale, a Biodex System 4 isokinetic dynamometer, dimensions D (standing) and E (walking) of the Gross Motor Function Measure – 88, the Trost Selective Motor Control test, and the single leg standing test. Results: Mixed analysis of variance and Mann–Whitney results showed significant improvement in eccentric peak torque, torque threshold angles, gross motor function, selective motor control, and balance in the study group compared with the control group (p

الملخص: أهداف البحث: تقييم ذروة عزم الدوران ومتوسط قوة العضلات القابضة والباسطة للعمود الفقري لدى المراهقين الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين ١٢ ١٨ عاما ومعرفة ما إذا كان هناك اختلاف في أداء عضلات الجذع باختلاف نوع مؤشر كتلة الجسم. طرق البحث: تم قياس ذروة عزم الدوران ومتوسط قوة العضلات القابضة والباسطة للعمود الفقري لدى ١٨٠ شخصا (تتراوح أعمارهم من ١٢ إلى ١٨ عاما) تم تصنيفهم الى أربع مجموعات وفقا لمؤشر كتلة الجسم. كما تم إجراء التقييم باستخدام جهاز الايزوكينيتك حيث تم تقييم ذروة عزم الدوران ومتوسط قوة العضلات القابضة والباسطة للعمود الفقري بسرعات ٦٠ درجة و١٢٠ درجة / ثانية. وتم تحليل البيانات باستخدام تحليل التباين متعدد الاتجاهات لتحديد ما إذا كانت هناك أي فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المجموعات الأربع. النتائج: أشارت نتائج تحليل التباين متعدد الاتجاهات إلى انخفاض في قوة عضلات الجذع مع زيادة مؤشر كتلة الجسم. وكذلك أوضحت النتائج ارتفاعا ملحوظا في عزم الدوران ومتوسط قوة عضلات الجذع في مجموعة الأشخاص ذوي الوزن الطبيعي مقارنة بالأشخاص الذين يعانون من نقص الوزن وزيادة الوزن والسمنة. وأيضا أظهرت نتائج معامل ارتباط بيرسون وجود ارتباطا معنويا سلبيا بين الوزن وعزم دوران الذروة للعضلات القابضة والباسطة للعمود الفقري. وكان هناك ارتباط سلبي ملحوظ بين الوزن ومتوسط قوة هذه العضلات. الاستنتاجات: خلصت هذه الدراسة إلى وجود علاقة سلبية بين مؤشر كتلة الجسم وعزم الدوران الأقصى ومتوسط قوة عضلات الجذع والعضلات القابضة والباسطة للظهر. وبالتالي يجب أن تتضمن برامج إعادة التأهيل للمراهقين الذين يعانون من زيادة الوزن والسمنة برنامج لتقوية عضلات الظهر بهدف تحسين فاعلية تلك التدخلات العلاجية وبالتالي تحسين نوعية حياة هؤلاء الأشخاص. Abstract: Objective: This study aims to evaluate the isokinetic performance for the peak torque and average power of the spinal flexor and extensor muscles in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. The study also analyses the differences between the trunk muscle peak torque and average power with body mass index (BMI). Method: The peak torque and average power of the trunk flexor and extensor muscles were measured in 180 adolescents (aged 12–18 years). The participants were classified into four groups according to BMI. The Biodex isokinetic dynamometer in concentric mode at speeds of 60° and 120°/sec was used for assessment. Results: One-way multivariate analysis of variance MANOVA results demonstrated a significant difference in trunk muscle peak torque and average power with different BMI (F = 14.692, p = 0.0005). A Pearson's correlation analysis demonstrated a significantly negative correlation between weight and peak torque of trunk flexors and extensors (r = - 0.43, p = 0.0001; r = −0.31, p = 0.007, respectively). Finally, the results showed a negative correlation between weight and average power of trunk flexors and extensors (r = −0.54, p = 0.0001; r = −0.31, p = 0.007). Conclusion: In this study, overweight and obese adolescents are found to be correlated with decreased trunk muscle torque and power. Thus, therapeutic interventions for overweight and obese adolescents, along with exercise training programmes, may help improve muscle performance including peak torque and power. Finally, these measures may enhance the quality of life of such adolescents.

Background: This study aims to determine the prevalence of generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) in primary school children in relation to age (6–12 years) and gender. It also aims to ascertain whether musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is associated with GJH among these children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in five primary schools in Al-Madinah al-Munawarah city. The demographic profile recorded includes age, gender, ethnic group, height, weight, and body mass index. The existence of GJH was assessed by the Beighton score (≥4 was acknowledged as hypermobility). Prior to physical examinations, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was distributed to the students to assist in detecting symptoms in their neck, back, shoulders, and extremities. Results: The study included 563 students (392 boys, 171 girls; average 10.12 ± 1.588 years; range 6–12 years). GJH was found in 144 students (25.6%). Out of the total number of participants, the occurrence of GJH in male students was 30.87% versus 13.5% in female students, indicating a significant difference (p = 0.001) by gender. GJH was also more prevalent in the age group of 6–9 years (29.2%) compared to that of 10–12 years (23.7%), with a considerable significant difference of p < 0.05. With respect to MSP, 222 (39.4%) of the total number of students reported pain. Pain was found in 31 (21.5%) and 191 (45.6%) of hypermobile students and non-hypermobile students, respectively, with a significant difference of p = 0.029. MSP was also not associated with GJH among these children. Conclusions: The prevalence of GJH in the primary school children in this study was markedly higher than the range revealed in some countries in the region but somewhat within the range reported internationally.

Some fluoroquinazolinones (A–H) were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated for their antitumor activity against the two cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MBA-231. New derivative G (IC50 = 0.44 ± 0.01 µM) showed antitumor activity, better than that of the reference drug erlotinib (IC50 = 1.14 ± 0.04 µM) against MCF-7. New derivative E (IC50 = 0.43 ± 0.02 µM) showed higher activity than the reference drug erlotinib (IC50 = 2.55 ± 0.19 µM) against MDA-MBA-231. Furthermore, the EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and tubulin inhibition assays were carried out for the highest active derivatives to reveal the expected mechanism of action. They exhibited significant results compared to the reference drugs. Molecular docking simulations were performed on EGFR and tubulin binding sites to rationalize the experimental results and describe their binding modes. The results of the molecular modeling study were correlated with that of the antitumor screening.

Objective: To investigate the effect of gender on the activation ratio of vastus medialis oblique to vastus lateralis during straight leg raising and stepdown activities. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, Taibah University, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from September 2021 to March 2022, and comprised recreationally active subjects without knee pathology who were distributed in 2 gender-based groups. All the participants were subjected to straight leg raising and stepdown activities thrice and the average value of each activity was noted. The vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis electromyographic activity of the dominant limb was recorded using surface electromyography during the activities. The normalised value of the activation ratio of vastus medialis oblique to vastus lateralis levels was calculated. Data was analysed using SPSS 25. Results: Of the 60 subjects, there were 30(50%) males with mean age 30.00±5.91 years, mean height 167±5.63cm, mean body weight 66.76±6.14kg, and mean body mass index 23.97±3.02kg/m2. There were 30(50%) females with mean age 29.03±5.34 years, mean height 186±6.20cm, mean body weight 68.5±5.6 kg and mean body mass index 23.76±3.22 kg/m2. There was no significant difference in the normalized electromyography activities of the vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis muscles between males and females (p>0.05). Also, no significant difference was found in the activation ratio between the genders (p>0.05). Conclusion: There were no gender-based differences in the activation ratio of vastus medialis oblique to vastus lateralis during weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing activities. Keywords: Quadriceps muscle, Patellofemoral pain, Sex factors, Weight, Electromyography.

The school type can greatly affect the posture and psychological state of adolescent girls by controlling many factors, such as school bag load and way of carriage, furniture-anthropometry degree of matching, and availability of resources. This study aimed to compare postural changes and psychological aspects of adolescent Egyptian girls, attending two different school types: public versus private schools. An observational study was conducted on 200 adolescent girls, whose ages ranged from 14 to 17 years, with a body mass index of 19–25 kg/m2, selected from two different school types (two public and another two private) at El-Sharkia government, Egypt. They were assigned into two equal groups: group (A), including 100 public schoolgirls, and group (B) involving 100 international schoolgirls. Postural and mechanical changes were assessed at the head, rib cage, shoulders, hips, and knees in both groups by the Posture Screen® Mobile app and a photographic method from lateral and frontal views while standing. Assessing anxiety, depression, and stress signals was done using depression anxiety stress scales-21. The girls of public and international schools had different schoolbag characteristics but assumed the same poor posture. The results indicated more significant changes in the public schoolgirls of group (A) (p ˂ 0.05) in the head shift, shoulder tilting, hip shift, hip tilting, total shift, and total tilting, compared to the international girls of the group (B), while there were more changes in head weight, and effective head weight, indicating more forward head in the international girls of the group (B). For psychological aspects, the public-school girls had statistically significantly higher stress and anxiety scores (p ˂ 0.05) than the international schoolgirls. Thus, it could be concluded that the school type may affect the posture and psychology of Egyptian adolescent girls, as the girls at the public schools had more coronal postural changes together with more stress and anxiety than the girls enrolled in the private schools, while girls of the private schools had more forward head posture.