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Background: Burnout is a stress-related syndrome that affects medical students. Certain environmental and personal factors can contribute to the onset of burnout and lead to serious consequences such as dropping out of school, sleep disorders, depression, and even suicide. Professional commitment is a personal characteristic that positively influences burnout. Methods: This research was conducted to determine the differentiation of burnout levels among medical school students based on certain variables and examine the impact of professional commitment on burnout. The research sample consisted of a total of 130 individuals studying of Medical Faculty in Türkiye. Descriptive and correlational research techniques, including survey models, were utilized in the study. Data were collected through online platforms and face-to-face surveys. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Results: The research findings revealed that male students had higher depersonalization scores than female students (P

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease (CTEPD) is characterized by organized nonresolving thrombi in pulmonary arteries (PA). In CTEPD with pulmonary hypertension (PH), chronic thromboembolic PH (CTEPH), early wave reflection results in abnormalities of pulsatile afterload and augmented PA pressures. We hypothesized that exercise during right heart catheterization (RHC) would elicit more frequent elevations of pulsatile vascular afterload than resistive elevations in patients with CTEPD without PH. The interdependent physiology of pulmonary venous and PA hemodynamics was also evaluated. Consecutive patients with CTEPD without PH (resting mean PA pressure ≤20 mmHg) undergoing an exercise RHC were identified. Latent resistive and pulsatile abnormalities of pulmonary vascular afterload were defined as an exercise mean PA pressure/cardiac output >3 WU, and PA pulse pressure to PA wedge pressure (PA PP/PAWP) ratio >2.5, respectively. Forty‐five patients (29% female, 53 ± 14 years) with CTEPD without PH were analyzed. With exercise, 19 patients had no abnormalities (ExNOR), 26 patients had abnormalities (ExABN) of pulsatile (20), resistive (2), or both (4) elements of pulmonary vascular afterload. Exercise elicited elevations of pulsatile afterload (53%) more commonly than resistive afterload (13%) (p < 0.001). ExABN patients had lower PA compliance and higher pulmonary vascular resistance at rest and exercise and prolonged resistance‐compliance time product at rest. The physiological relationship between changes in PA pressures relative to PAWP was disrupted in the ExABN group. In CTEPD without PH, exercise RHC revealed latent pulmonary vascular afterload elevations in 58% of patients with more frequent augmentation of pulsatile than resistive pulmonary vascular afterload. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Burnout is a stress-related syndrome that affects medical students. Certain environmental and personal factors can contribute to the onset of burnout and lead to serious consequences such as dropping out of school, sleep disorders, depression, and even suicide. Professional commitment is a personal characteristic that positively influences burnout. Methods: This research was conducted to determine the differentiation of burnout levels among medical school students based on certain variables and examine the impact of professional commitment on burnout. The research sample consisted of a total of 130 individuals studying of Medical Faculty in Türkiye. Descriptive and correlational research techniques, including survey models, were utilized in the study. Data were collected through online platforms and face-to-face surveys. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Results: The research findings revealed that male students had higher depersonalization scores than female students (P < 0.05). Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores were found to be higher among students with poor academic performance (P < 0.017), those who did not choose medical school willingly (P < 0.017), and those who chose medical school due to family pressure (P < 0.05). Among female students, those who chose medical school willingly and those who chose it as their dream profession had higher scores of professional commitment. As professional commitment scores increased, burnout scale scores and their subscales, including exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment, decreased (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of the study indicate a relationship between professional commitment and burnout, suggesting that professional commitment can reduce burnout levels. This highlights the importance of increasing the level of professional commitment among medical students, who are future physicians. Strengthening students' commitment to their profession can decrease the risk of burnout and improve the quality of healthcare services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exercise and acute hypoxia PVR findings also demonstrate an increased afterload response to a perturbation among the hypoxic piglets, suggesting that pulmonary vascular abnormalities are unmasked further with cardiopulmonary stress. Keywords: cardiac hypertrophy; cardiopulmonary; hypoxia; right ventricle EN cardiac hypertrophy cardiopulmonary hypoxia right ventricle 2761 2762 2 07/18/23 20230715 NES 230715 Humans born preterm can develop pulmonary vascular disease, in addition to right ventricular (RV) dysfunction later in life, increasing the risk of developing pulmonary hypertension (Goss et al., [2]). It should be noted that only one piglet completed the full 4 weeks in the hypoxia chamber, with each of the piglets being exposed to hypoxia for >=2 weeks, and six of the 10 piglets exposed to hypoxia for >3 weeks. [Extracted from the article]

Objective: Type I diabetes is a disease characterised by an extreme reduction in serum insulin levels. Diet and exercise have gained considerable attention in the treatment of diabetes. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the effect of diet with carbohydrate but without daily energy restriction on various metabolites (glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, lactate), some electrolytes (Ca, Mg, Na, K, P, Cl) and essential metals (Mn, Co, Cu, Se, Zn, Fe) in the blood of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Materials and methods: Thirty-three male rats were divided into four groups of standard rat diet (SR)-fed control, SR-diet fed diabetics, low carbohydrate-standard protein-high fat (LCSPHF) diet-fed diabetics, and very low carbohydrate-high protein-high fat (VLCHPHF) diet-fed diabetics. Diabetes was induced by an i.p. injection of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin. The rats were fed with the specially prepared diets for 28 days. Results: The decreased-serum Cl and the increased-serum glucose levels were only the difference between the controls and SR diet-fed diabetic rats regarding to measured parameters. Lowering carbohydrate and increasing fat ratio in diet caused an increase in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels leading to an increased-serum Fe and Ca, and decreased-serum Na and Cu levels in diabetic rats. Conclusion: The serum mineral changes should be taken into consideration together with the changes in serum glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels for the secondary complications of diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Present knowledge of attention and awareness centres on deficits in patients with right brain damage who show severe forms of inattention to the left, called spatial neglect. Yet the functions that are lost in neglect are poorly understood. In healthy people, they might produce “pseudoneglect”—subtle biases to the left found in various tests that could complement the leftward deficits in neglect. But pseudoneglect measures are poorly correlated. Thus, it is unclear whether they reflect anything but distinct surface features of the tests. To probe for a common mechanism, here we asked whether visual noise, known to increase leftward biases in the grating-scales task, has comparable effects on other measures of pseudoneglect. We measured biases using three perceptual tasks that require judgments about size (landmark task), luminance (greyscales task) and spatial frequency (grating-scales task), as well as two visual search tasks that permitted serial and parallel search or parallel search alone. In each task, we randomly selected pixels of the stimuli and set them to random luminance values, much like a poor TV signal. We found that participants biased their perceptual judgments more to the left with increasing levels of noise, regardless of task. Also, noise amplified the difference between long and short lines in the landmark task. In contrast, biases during visual searches were not influenced by noise. Our data provide crucial evidence that different measures of perceptual pseudoneglect, but not exploratory pseudoneglect, share a common mechanism. It can be speculated that this common mechanism feeds into specific, right-dominant processes of global awareness involved in the integration of visual information across the two hemispheres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]